牛津必修三 Unit3 Grammar 导学案设计主谓一致学案设计.docx

牛津必修三 Unit3 Grammar 导学案设计主谓一致学案设计.docx

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牛津必修三Unit3Grammar导学案设计主谓一致学案设计

语法专题主谓一致

I、重点难点解析

主谓一致的高考命题导向

考点主要分布在：

语法结构对主谓一致的影响；充当主语的词汇意义对主谓一致的影响；复合句中的主谓一致等。

主谓一致是指主语和谓语要保持人称和数上的一致，主语的“人称”和“数”决定谓语动词的变化。

一主谓一致原则一览表

原则

概念

例句

语法一致原则

指主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数

形式；主语是复数形式，谓语也用复数形式

SteveEmberisagoodplayer．

Childrenliketoys.

意义一致原则

指主语形式上为单数．但表示复数意

义，谓语动词用复数形式；或主语形式上为复数．但表示单数意义,谓语动词用单数形式

Myfamilyarehavinglunchnow．

Newsistravellingfastnowadays．

就近一致原则

谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形

式取决于最靠近它的主语

Thereisaknifeandtwoforksonthedesk．

Eitheryouorheistogo．

二、语法一致

1.不定式、动名词、从句作主语，用单数

GoingtoaBritishhighschool（be）anunforgettableexperience.Whathesaid（be）true.

2.Either,neither,each,theother,another,anyone,anybody,someone,somebody,something,everything,nobody,nothing

作主语用单数

Nothing（be）impossible.Everything（be）possible.

3.主语后有with,togetherwith,aswellas,alongwith,like,as,except,but,morethan,ratherthan,otherthan,noless

than等词或短语时,谓语动词与主语一致。

Alibrarywithfivethousandbooks（be）offeredtothenationasagift.

Themonitoraswellashisclassmates（be）givenarewardforworkinghardyesterday.

4.and连接的并列主语

（1）由and连接的两个不同概念的名词作主语时，动词要用复数：

BothyouandI（be）goingtoattendthemeeting.

但是如果指一个事物用单数

breadandbutterknifeandfork

（2）有each,every,manya,no修饰并列主语，用单数

Eachwomanandeachman（have）achancetowin.

Everyboyandeverygirl（know）thateachdayandeachhourbringsitsduty.

（3）and连接的两个名词只有一个冠词用单数，有两个冠词用复数Theprofessorandthewrite（be）visitingourschoolnow.Asingeranddancer（be）visitingourschoolnow.

（4）.从句，不定式等由and连接做主语,完整式用复数,缩略式用单数

Whathesaidandwhathedidagree.

WhatIsayanddo（be）myownbusiness.

Whenandwheretobuildthenewfactorybeendecidedyet.

5.以S结尾的词常用复数的情况:

trousers,belongings,possessions,scissors等

但是有些词是单复同形的，如means,series,speciesAseriesofaccidents（happen）everyyear.Theglassworks（be）setupin1980.

Everymeansbeentried.Allmeansbeentried.

6.许多的表达

只能加不可数名词：

deal和amount,且amounts修饰用复数

只能加可数名词：

number,manya（单）,agoodmany（复），morethanone（单），more（复）thanoneanumberof...谓语动词复数

thenumberof...谓语动词单数

可数不可数均可：

quantity,variety（和名词一致），quantities,varieties后用复数

Asaresultofdestroyingtheforests,alargequantityofdesert（have）coveredtheland.Asyoucansee,thenumberofcarsonroads（keep）risingthesedays.

Itisreportedthatmanyanewhouse（be）beingbuiltatpresentinthedisasterarea.

7.定语从句oneof…用复数，theonlyoneof…用单数Heisoneofthestudentswho（be）late.

Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswho（be）late.

三、意义一致

1.时间、金钱、重量、距离等复数名词当整体看

600miles（be）alongdistance.

20years（be）onlyashortspaninhumanlife.

2.以“S”结尾的学科名，杂志名，地名等用单数NewYorkTimes（be）popular.Politics（be）oneofthehardest.

3.集体名词family,crew,population,team,class等表示集体概念用单数，表示具体的人用复数

people,police,cattle,用复数（注意：

apeople表示民族）Thewholefamily（be）watchingTVnow.

Family（be）moreimportantthanwork.What（be）thepopulationofChina?

4.有kind,pairtype，则与kind，pair,type一致

Thispairofglasses（be）yours.

Thesetwopairsofglasses（be）yours.

5.therest,most,half,all,alotof,some,百分比，分数加名词，谓语动词与名词一致Therestofthestudents（be）intheclassroom.

Twothirdsofthewater（be）polluted.

四、就近一致

1．therebe句型

There（be）apen,aknifeandseveralbooksonthedesk.

2.either…or，neither…nor，notonly…butalso,not…but,whether…orEitheryouorshe（be）togo.不是你去，就是她去。

3.由here,there引导的倒装句

Here（be）apen,afewenvelopsandsomepaperforyou.给你笔、信封和纸

一、用所给单词的正确形式填空

1．（2019·甘肃兰州一中月考）Eachstudent（learn）aforeignlanguage,mostlyEnglish,fromDayOneoftheircompulsoryeducation.

2．（2019·湖南益阳箴言中学模拟）Hehasdonatedsomemoneytothosewholiveinpoverty,which（be）

ofgreathelp.

3．（2019·四川部分名校联测）Atthefootofthemountain（lie）anoldvillagewhichhasabeautifulview.

4．（2019·湖北八校第一次联考）ThepublicationofGreatExpectations,which（be）bothwidely

reviewedandhighlypraised,strengthenedDickens’statusasaleadingnovelist.

5．（2019·浙江金丽衢十二校联考）Shetookthelifttotheeleventhfloor,andthesecretaryshowedherwhereherdeskandhercomputer（be）．

6．（2019·吉林长春外国语学校质检）Whattheyneedmost（be）moneywhilewhatweneedmost（be）textbooks.

7．（2019·湖南怀化一模）Morethanonedoctor（be）involvedintherescuethattookplaceafterthe

earthquake.

8．（2019·湖南师大附中月考）ProfessorJameswillgiveusalectureonWesternculture,andheaswellashisassistants

（be）toarrivebyair.

9．（2019·河南部分重点中学联考）Asurveyoftheopinionsofexperts（show）thatthreehoursofoutdoorexerciseaweek（be）goodforone’shealth.

10．（2019·河北武邑中学第二次调研）There（be）adogandthreeducksintheyard,inthemiddleof

which（be）twotalltreeswithgreatshade.

二、语法填空

Peoplereleaseballoonsforspecialoccasionslikememorialservicesandgrandopenings.Itisfunandexciting.Butitreallycausesgreatdestructiontotheenvironmentandthreatensthe1.（life）ofourwildlife.

Whenaballoon2.（fly）intothesky,itdoesn’tendup3.（stay）there.Iteventuallyburstsandreturnstotheearthasuglylitter.Balloonscaneventravelthousandsofmilesandpollutethemostremoteandpureplaces.More4.（sad）,theycanpresentathreattomanyanimals.Birds,whales,turtlesandotheranimalsoftenmistakeballoons5.food,whichcandodamagetothembecauseballoonscontain6.（harm）

chemicals.Balloonsevenkillanimals.Whenananimalswallowsaballoon,itcanblockitsintestinaltract（肠道）resultingin

starvation.

Partofthereasonwhyreleasingballoons7.（permit）insomanyplacesisthatsomeballoonsdobreakdowneventually.However,ittakesaboutfouryears8.（break）downcompletely.

Watchinghundredsofballoonsslowlygoingupintotheskymightgiveyouafivesecondthrill,9.isitworthabunchofdeadanimalsandsomanyplacesfullofrubbish?

Absolutelynot.10.weshoulddoisgetcreativeandcomeupwithalternativewaystocelebrate.

三、阅读理解

C

“Ready?

”

“Ready.”

“Now?

”

“Soon.”

“Dothescientistsreallyknow?

Willithappentoday,willit?

”“Look,look;seeforyourself!

”

Itrained.

Ithadbeenrainingforsevenyears;thousandsuponthousandsofdaysfilledfromoneendtotheotherwithrain,withthedrumofwater,withthesweetcrystalfallofshowersandthecontinuousstormssoheavythathugewavesovertheislands.Athousandforestshadbeendestroyedundertherainandgrownupathousandtimestobedestroyedagain.AndthiswasthewaylifewasforeverontheplanetVenus,andthiswastheschoolroomofthechildrenoftherocketmenandwomenwhohadcometoarainingworldtosetupcivilization（文明）andliveouttheirlives.

“It’sstopping,it’sstopping!

”“Yes,yes!

”

Margotstoodapartfromthem,fromthesechildrenwhocouldneverrememberatimewhentherewasn’trainandrainandrain.Theywereallnineyearsold,andiftherehadbeenaday,sevenyearsago,whenthesuncameoutforanhourandshoweditsfacetothestunnedworld,theycouldnotremember.

Sometimes,atnight,sheheardthemstir,inremembrance,andsheknewtheyweredreamingandrememberinggoldorayellowcrayonoracoinlargeenoughtobuytheworldwith.Sheknewtheythoughttheyrememberedawarmness,likea

blushingintheface,inthebody,inthearmsandlegsandtremblinghands.Butthentheyalwaysawoketotheendlessshakingdownofclearbead（珠子）necklacesupontheroof,thewalk,thegardens,theforests,andtheirdreamsweregone.

Nowtherainwasgettinglighter,andthechildrenwerecrushedinthegreatthickwindows.

Margotstoodalone.Shewasaveryfrailgirlwholookedasifshehadbeenlostintherainforyearsandtherainhadwashedoutthebluefromhereyesandtheredfromhermouthandtheyellowfromherhair.Nowshestood,separate,staringattherainandtheloudwetworldbeyondthehugeglass.

“What’reyoulookingat?

”saidWilliam.Margotsaidnothing.

“Speakwhenyou’respokento.”Hegaveherashove（推搡）.Butshedidnotmove;rathersheletherselfbemoved

onlybyhimandnothingelse.

Theyedgedawayfromher,theywouldnotlookather.Shefeltthemgoaway.Andthiswasbecauseshewouldplaynogameswiththemintheechoingtunnelsoftheundergroundcity.Iftheytaggedherandran,shestoodafterthemanddidnotfollow.Whentheclasssangsongsabouthappinessandlifeandgamesherlipsbarelymoved.Onlywhentheysangaboutthesunandthesummerdidherlipsmoveasshewatchedthewindows.

Andthen,ofcourse,thebiggestcrimeofallwasthatshehadcomehereonlyfiveyearsagofromEarth,andsherememberedthesunandthewaythesunwasandtheskywaswhenshewasfourinOhio.Andthey,theyhadbeenonVenusalltheirlives,andtheyhadbeenonlytwoyearsoldwhenlastthesuncameoutandhadlongsinceforgottenthecolorandheatofitandthewayitreallywas.ButMargotremembered.

1.By“acoinlargeenoughtobuytheworldwith”,theauthorsuggest.

A.thecoinusedonVenusB.achild’scoloredpencil

C.thehighpriceofVenusD.achild’sdrawingofthesun

2.ThechildrendislikedMargotmainlybecauseshe.

A.wasolderthantheywereB.likedthecontinuousrain

C.knewwhatthesunlooklikeD.hadbroughttherainwithher

3.Theunderlinedphrase“Margotstoodapartfromthem”suggestsshestayedawayfromthem.AllthefollowingsentencessuggestthesamethingEXCEPT“”.

A.shefeltthemgoaway.B.Herlipshardlymoved.

C.shestoodafterthemanddidnotfollow.D.shewouldplaynogameswiththem.

4.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthetext?

A.MargotRememberedB.TheRainC.TheOutsiderD.TheSunNeverComes

语法一致

主谓一致学案答案

1.isis2.isis3.iswas4.are