浙江省选考高考英语 专题一 高频词汇分类集训与语篇训练 话题十一 语言与学习.docx

浙江省选考高考英语 专题一 高频词汇分类集训与语篇训练 话题十一 语言与学习.docx

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浙江省选考高考英语专题一高频词汇分类集训与语篇训练话题十一语言与学习

话题十一　语言与学习

1．aimn．瞄准；目标，目的

v．瞄准；对准；针对，对象是

aimatdoingsth./todosth.力争做某事

beaimedat目的是；旨在；针对

takeaimat把目标对准……

2．amountn．数额；数量；金额

v．总计；共计

amountto等于；相当于，总共，共计（to是介词）

alargeamountof/largeamountsof大量的（修饰不可数名词）

inlarge/smallamounts大/少量地

3．anyhow（anyway）adv.无论如何；不管怎样

4．applyv．申请；请求；使用；应用；涂，敷；勤奋工作，努力学习

applytosb.forsth.向某人申请某物

applysth.tosth.把……运用于……；把……涂抹于……

applyoneselfto（doing）sth.专心于（做）某事

5．assessvt.评估，估定；评定

assesssb./sth.as...评定某事或某人为……

assesssth.at...估算……为……

6．averagen．平均，平均数；一般，普通

adj.平均的；普通的

vt.平均达到

on（the/an）average平均

above/below（the）average高于/低于平均水平

7．basevt.以……为据点（或总部等）；把……设在；以……为基础

n．根基，基底；底座；根据，出发点；基础

base...on/upon...把……建立在……；以……为根据

bebasedon/upon以……为根据（基础）

onthebasisof在……基础上

8．behavev．举动；（举止或行为）表现

behaveoneself举止规矩

9．busyadj.忙碌的；无暇的；占线的；正被占用的

bebusy（in）doing/withsth.忙于（做）某事

10．majoradj.主要的；较严重的

v．主修

n．专业

majorin主修

ina/themajority占大多数

11．occupyv．占领；使用，占用；使忙于；忙着

beoccupiedwith/（in）doingsth.忙于/（做）某事

occupyoneselfwithsth./indoingsth.忙于（做）某事

12．preparev．准备；使……准备好

prepareforsth.为某事做准备

preparesb.sth.＝preparesth.forsb.为某人准备某物

bepreparedtodosth.乐意做某事

makepreparationsfor为……做准备

13．referv．提到；说起；描述；涉及；参考

referto查阅；参考；提到；指的是；关系到

14．respondvi.反应；回复，回答

respondto响应；对……作出反应；回答

inresponseto作为对……的答复/反应

15．responsibleadj.负责的，可靠的；应负责任的

beresponsiblefor对……负责；是……的原因

takeresponsibilityfor对……有责任；对……负责

16．requirevt.需要；要求

requiredoing/tobedone某人/物需要被……

requiresb.todosth.要求某人做某事

17．urgev．催促；力劝；竭力主张；驱赶；鞭策

n．强烈的欲望，冲动

urgesb.todo...催促某人做……

urgethat...（should）do...主张……

18．vitaladj.生死攸关的；有生命力的；必不可少的

bevitalto/for对……重要

Itisvitalthat...（should）do...重要的是……

19．all短语

allinall总的来说

allover处处，到处

inall总计；总共

afterall毕竟，终究

aboveall最重要的是

atall全然；根本

20．short短语

beshortfor...是……的缩写/简称

inshort简言之；总之

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．Thisactivity（aim）atimprovingthestudents’abilityoflisteningandspeaking.

2．Thenewtechnology，if（apply）toricegrowing，willhelpincreasethegrainoutput.

3．Hemadeacareful（assess）ofthesituation.

4．Theywereexpectedtobehave（they）．

5．Heisbusy（feed）thecomputerwithnewdata.

6．Teachinganddoinghomeworkkeepher（occupy）everyday.

7．Well（prepare）forthecomingexam，hefeltquiteconfident.

8．Completetheexercisewithoutreferringadictionary.

9．Itisvitalthatstudents（finish）theirhomeworkontime.

10．PeoplewhocanspeakEnglisharethemajorityinthiscountry.

11．Moreandmorepeopleurgethegovernment（do）moreforthedisabled.

12．（base）onmyownopinion，thisoneisfarbetterthanthatone.

13．Amountsofmoney（spend）onclotheseveryyear.

14．Hishouserequires（repair）．

15．We’repreparingthisguidetohelpyourespondsuchsituations.

Ⅱ.根据要求完成句子

1．Theprogramisaimedatateenageaudience，soitispopularwiththem.（用过去分词短语作状语改写）

2．Ifyouapplyyourselftothejobinhand，you’llsoonfinishit.

①

（用现在分词短语作状语改写）

②

（用过去分词短语作状语改写）

3．当我进来的时候，学生们正忙着做作业。

（一句多译）

①

②

③

④

4．她主张我应该向他道歉。

（用urge翻译句子）

5．我在大学里主修英语。

（一句多译）

①

②

③

（一）阅读理解

Theadvantagesofusingflashcardstobuildupavocabularyarewellknown.Youcanbuysetsofcards，ormakeyourown，andcarrythemwithyouwhereveryougo.There’snoquestionthisisusefulandbecauseyoucanusetheminshortbursts，it’snottoomuchforyou.Itcanbefun.Idon’trecommenddrillingforhoursatatimewithflashcards.

Ifyouwanttouseflashcardsoftware，thingsgetevenbetter.Therearemanypackagesoutthereformaintaininganddrillingflashcards.IrecommendVTrainthoughtherearemanyothers.

Onestandsout，however:

SuperMemo.SimilartoPimsleur，SuperMemoisengineeredaccordingtoacarefullyresearchedmethodology（方法学）inordertotestyouonacardtheveryminimumnumberoftimesyouneedtoseeitforittostick.Whenyoulookatacard，yougivesomefeedbacktothesoftwareonwhetheryougotitrightandhoweasyyoufoundit.Itusesthisinformation，andthatofyourpreviousattempts，todecidewhenyouwillbeshownthecardnext.It’ssmartanditreallyworks.

Ifyou’relikeme，thenewsisevenbetter!

IhaveaversionofSuperMemothatrunsonmyPalmOSphone.WhereverIam，ifIhavemyphonehandy，Ihavethousandsofflashcardswithmetoo.Honestly，itwouldbeworthpurchasingacheapPalmdeviceonlyforthis.Youcanpickoneupfor

20orevenlessoneBayorelsewhere.Considerit，atleast.

1．WithSuperMemo，whetherthenextcardwillbeshowndependson.

A．thetimeyoulookatthecard

B．theinformationinthecomputer

C．thefeedbackonegivestothesoftware

D．thetimesoneattemptstodowithacard

2．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A．Usingcardstostudycanbeverytiring.

B．Don’tneedtostudywithflashcardstoolongatatime.

C．Thereisnotenoughflashcardssoftwareatpresent.

D．Flashcardsoftwarecanbecarriedwhereveryougo.

3．Whatisthemainpurposeoftheauthorinwritingthepassage?

A．Tointroducetousawaytobuildupavocabulary.

B．Toteachushowtomakeflashcards.

C．Tosuggestusbuyingflashcards.

D．Totellushowtouseflashcardsoftware.

（二）七选五

ItisnecessarybutdifficultforEnglishbeginnerstomemorizenewwords，andlonglistsofwordsseemtomakethemissionimpossible.Theyarepuzzledwhytheytrytomemorizewordswithgreateffortsbutforgetthemeasily.That’swhythereareofteninquiriesabouthowtomemorizenewwords.4Herearesometipstohelp.

5Wetoooftenseparatetheprocessofnewwordsmemorizationfrompronunciation.Infactthesetwocanbecombinedandeachwillenhancetheother.Sayingthewordtoourselveshelpsactivateaural（hearing）memory，whichhelpsthememory.6Themorefamiliarwearewiththeword，thegreaterchancewewillhavetokeepitfortherestofourlife.

NevermemorizesingleEnglishwords.7Relatethewordtotermswealreadyknow，eitherassynonymorantonym.Forexample，theword“gargantuan”（verylarge）issimilarinmeaningtowords“gigantic”，“huge”and“large”．Makeasequenceofwords：

“small，medium，large，gigantic，andgargantuan”．Createamentalimageofthewordthatinvolvesstrongemotions.Think，“Thegargantuanwhaleisgoingtoswallowmewhole.”

LearningEnglishwordsrequiresaction.Complaininghowdifficultitistomemorizenewwordswillbeoflittlehelp.8HaveatrywithtenwordsadayandyouwillseewhatadifferenceyouwillmakeinourEnglishlearning.

A．Memorizingnewwordsisveryimportant.

B．Sotakeactionrightnow.

C．Actually，somehavegivenuplearningnewwords.

D．Speakthewordwhilememorizingit.

E．Makeasmanyassociationsandconnectionsaspossible.

F．Thesoundofwordhelpsusrecallthespellingandfamiliarizesuswiththeword.

G．Infact，learningnewwordsneedn’tbethatdifficult.

英语表达中，代词出现的频率极高，有时用来指代前面提及的名词，有时也可能指代前面的一个句子。

巧妙利用这样的指代关系和根据代词的单复数可以准确而快速地解题。

解题时需注意以下几点：

1．常用的代词有it，they，this，these，the，all等。

2．重视选项前后句中出现的代词，准确翻译句中代词的含义。

3．辨别清楚代词指代的单复数。

4．正确选项中，代词之后的关键词一定在原文的前一句谈论过。

如果选项中说thisreward，那么选项前的句中一定出现过reward这个词或它的同义词。

（三）完形填空

MyfathergrewupinOklahomaduringtheearlyyearsoftheGreatDepression.Hewastheonlylivingchildofahardworkingfarmeranda9mother.WhenDadcompletedeighthgrade，mygrandfatherbelievedhisonlysonwouldworkonthefarm.Mygrandmother，10，understoodthedoorthateducationcouldopenevenin11economictimes.Shepersuadedgrandfatherto12Dadtofinishhighschool.

Dadworkedhardandcompletedhighschoolattheageof16.Atlast，grandpawastohavehiswish.Dadwouldworkonthefarm，easingtheeconomicandphysical13grandpacarried.Butgrandmotheragain14grandpatopermitmyfathertogotocollege.

After15，grandpamadethemostdifficultdecisionofhislifetime.Hewalkedtothechickencoop（鸡笼子），wherehedidhis16.Takingashovelinhisworkwornhands，grandpa17ajarthatheldallthefamily’ssavings.Heofferedthejaranditsprecious18toDad，saying，“Hereboy，gomakesomethingofyourself.”

Realizingthathisfamilywas19alltheirsavingsbyinvestinginhiseducation，Dadbecameastewardofthosefunds.He20hisbachelor’sdegreeandthenwentontotheUniversityofOklahoma，wherehegraduatedsecondinhis21schoolclassin1936.Jobswerehardto22whenDadgraduated，soheopenedhisownpracticeandlivedinahomewithadirtfloor.Heworkedlonghours，butIrememberhim23thegreatbookshediscoveredinthecourseofhiseducationwithme.

Ourfamilywaschangedbythelongwalkgrandpatooktothechickencoop.Educationis24aninvestmentinourfamily.Itisatreasure.I25myfathertocollegeandlawschool，andallofmychildrenhavealso26highereducation.Wehavebeentransformedbyasacrificemadetwo27agobyaloving，ifnotfullyconvinced，grandfatherandapersistentgrandmotherandthathasmadeallthe28.

9．A.beautifulB．curious

C．capableD．devoted

10．A.soB．however

C．otherwiseD．thus

11．A.toughB．great

C．peacefulD．competitive

12．A.permitB．take

C．askD．force

13．A.painsB．troubles

C．burdensD．activities

14．A.refusedB．begged

C．orderedD．required

15．A.graduationB．work

C．reflectionD．permission

16．A.cookingB．cleaning

C．farmingD．banking

17．A.pickedupB．dugup

C．brokeupD．cutup

18．A.booksB．contents

C．billsD．coins

19．A.sacrificingB．storing

C．treasuringD．wasting

20．A.failedB．received

C．offeredD．needed

21．A.mathsB．education

C．economicsD．law

22．A.comeoffB．comeabout

C．comebyD．comeon

23．A.makingB．writing

C．protectingD．sharing

24．A.morethanB．ratherthan

C．otherthanD．lessthan

25．A.joinedB．followed

C．advisedD．accompanied

26．A.soughtB．insisted

C．favoredD．considered

27．A.yearsB．centuries

C．decadesD．generations