whatisgrit答案.docx

whatisgrit答案.docx

《whatisgrit答案.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《whatisgrit答案.docx（9页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

whatisgrit答案

whatisgrit答案

PartⅢReadingComprehension（40minutes）

　　SectionA

　　Directions:

Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtonblanks.YouarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassageReadthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter:

PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.

　　Whenmysoncompletesatask,Ican’thelpbutpraisehim.It’sonlynaturaltogivepraisewherepraiseisdue,right?

Butistheresuchathingastoomuchpraise?

AccordingtopsychologistKatherinePhillip,childrendon’tbenefitfrom26praiseasmuchaswe’dliketothink.“Parentsoftenpraise,believingtheyarebuildingtheirchild’sself-confidence.However,over-praisingcanhavea27effect,”saysPhillip.“Whenweusethesamepraise28,itmaybecomeemptyandnolongervaluedbythechild.Itcanalsobecomeanexpectationthatanythingtheydomustbe29withpraise.Thismayleadtothechildavoidingtakingrisksduetofearof30theirparents.”

　　Docsthismeanweshoulddoawaywithallthepraise?

Phillipsaysno,“Thekeytohealthypraiseis1ofocusontheprocessratherthanthe31itistherecognitionofachild’sattempt,ortheprocessinwhichtheyachievedsomething,thatisessential,”shesays,“Parentsshouldencouragetheirchildtotaketherisksneededtolearnandgrow.”

　　Sohowdowebreakthe32ofpraisewe’reallsoaccustomedto?

Phillipsaysit’simportantto33between“personpraise”and“processraise”.“Personpraiseis34sayinghowgreatsomeoneis.It’saformpersonalapproval.Processpraisesacknowledgementoftheeffortstepersonhasjust35.Childrenwhoreceivepersonpraisearemorelikelytofeelshameafterlosing,”saysPhillip.

　　A）chooseB）constantC）disappointingD）distinguish

　　E）exhaustingF）experiencedG）negativeH）outcome

　　I）patternJ）pluralK）repeatedlyL）rewarded

　　M）separatelyN）simplyO）undertaken

　　答案：

　　26.B27.G28.K29.L30.C31.H32.I33.D34.N35.O

　　SectionB

　　Povertyisastoryaboutus,notthem

　　[A]Toooftenstillwethinkweknowthepovertylookslike.It'sthewaywe'vebeentaught,theimageswe’vebeenforced-feddecades.Thechronicallyhomeless.Theundocumentedimmigrant.Theurbanpoor,usuallypersonifiedasawomanofcolor,the"welfarequeen"politiciansstilltoooftenreference.

　　[B]ButasincomeinequalityrisestorecordlevelsintheUnitedStates,eveninthemidstofarecordeconomicexpansions,.thosefamiliarimagesareoutdated,hurtfulandcounterproductivetofocusingattentiononsolutionsandbuildingladdersofopportunity.

　　IC]Today'sfacesofinequalityandlackofopportunitylooklikeallofus.It'sAnnaLandre,adisabledGeorgetownUniversitystudentfightingtokeephealthbenefitsthatallow-herthefreedomtoliveherlifelt'sTiffanieStandard,acounselorforyoungwomenofcolorinPhiladelphiawhowanttobetechentrepreneurs—butwhomustworkmultiplejobstostayafloat.It'sKenOutlaw,awelderinruralNorthCarolinawhosedreamofgoingbacktoschoolatalocalcommunitycollegewasdashedbyHurricaneFlorence-justoneoftheextremeweathereventsthathavetippedthebalanceforstrugglingAmericansacrossthenation,

　　[D]Ifthesearcthecentralcharactersofourstoryaboutpoverty.whatlayersofperceptions,myths,andrealitiesmustweunearthtofindmeaningfulsolutionsandsupport?

Inpursuitofrevealingthiscomplicatedreality,MotheringJustice,ledbywomenofcolor,wentlastyeartothestatecapitalinLansing,Michigan,tolobbyonissuesthataffectworkingmothers.OneoftheMotheringJusticeorganizerswenttotheofficeofastaterepresentativetotalkaboutthelackofaffordablechildcare-thevestiges（痕迹））ofasystemthatexpectedmotherstostayhomewiththeirchildrenwhiletheirhusbandsworked,Alegislativestafferdismissedtheactivist’sconcerns,tellingher“myhusbandtookcareofthat-lstayedhome.”

　　[E]Thatcomment,saysMotheringJusticedirectorDanielleAtkinson.,"wasmeanttoshame"andreliedonthefamiliartropethatawomanofcolorconcemedaboutincomeinequalityandprogramsthatpromotemobilitymustbydefinitionbeasinglemom,probablywithmultiplekids.,Inthiscase.MotheringJusticeactivisthappenedtobemarried.AndinmostcasesintheAmericaof2019,theimagesthatcometomindwhenwehearthewordspovertyorincomeinequalityfailmiserablyinreflectingacomplicatedreality:

povertytouchesvirtuallyallofus.Thefaceofincomeinequality,forallbutaveryfewofus,istheoneweeachseeinthemirror.

　　[F]HowmanyofusarepoorintheU.S.?

Itdependsonwhoyouask.AccordingtotheCensusBureau,38millionpeopleintheU.S.arelivingbelowtheofficialpovertythresholds,Takingintoaccounteconomicneedbeyondthatabsolutemeasure,theInstituteforPolicyStudiesfoundthat140millionpeoplcarepoororlow-income.That'salmosthalftheU.Spopulation.

　　[G]Whateverthemeasure,withinthatmassivegroup,povertyisextremelydiverse.Weknowthatsomepeoplearemoreaffectedthanothers,likechildren,theelderly,peoplewithdisabilities,andpeopleofcolor.

　　[H]Butthefactthat4in10Americanscan'tcomeupwith$400inanemergencyisacommonlycitedstatisticforgoodreason:

economicinstabilitystretchesacrossrace,gender,andgeography.Itevenreachesintothemiddleclasses,asrealwageshavestagnated（不增长）forallbuttheverywealthyandtemporaryspellsoffinancialinstabilityarenotuncommon.

　　[I]Negativeimagesremainofwhoislivinginpovertyaswellaswhatisneededtomoveoutofit.ThebigAmericanmythisthatyoucanpullyourselfupbyyourowneffortandchangeabadsituationintoagoodone.Therealityisthatfindingopportunitywithouthelpfromfamilies,friends.schools，,andcommunityisvirtuallyimpossible.Andtheplayingfieldisnothingclosetolevel.

　　[J]TheFrameWorksinstitute,aresearchgroupthatfocusesonpublicframingofissues,hasstudiedwhatsustainsstereotypesandnarrativesofpovertyintheUnitedKingdom."Peoplevieweconomicsuccessandwellbeinginlifeasproductofchoice,willpower,drive,grit,andgumption,"saysNatKendall-Taylor,CEOofFrameWorks.“Whenweseepeoplewhoarestruggling.”hesays,thoseassumptions“leadustotheperceptionthatpeopleinpovertyarelazy.theydon’tcare,andtheyhaven'tmadetherightdecisions.”

　　[K]Doesthissoundfamiliar?

Similarideassurroundpovertyinthe U.S.Andthese assumptionswreakhavoconreality."Whenpeopleenterintothatpatternofthinking,"saysKendall-Taylor,"it'scognitivelycomfortabletomakesenseofissues ofpovertyinthatway.Itcreatesakindofcognitiveblindness-allofthefactorsexternaltoaperson'sdriveandchoices thatthey'vemadebecomeinvisibleandfadefromview.”

　　Those externalfactorsinclude thedifficultiesaccompanyinglow-wage workotstruetualdiscriminationbasedonrace,gender,orability.Assumptionsgetworsewhenpeoplewhoarepoorusegovernmentbenefitstohelpthemsurvive.Thereis agreattensionbetween"thepoor"andthose whoarereceivingwhathasbecomeadirtyword:

"welfare."

　　AccordingtotheGeneralSocialSurvey,7lpercentofrespondentsbelievethecontry isspendingtoolittle ona"welfare":

37percentbelievewearespendingtoomuch,

　　[N]"Povertyhasbeeninterchangeablewithpeopleofcolor-specificallyblackwomenandblackmothers,"saysAtkinson ofMotheringJustice.It'strue thatblackmothersaremoreaffectedbypovertythanmanyothergroups,yettheyare disproportionatelythefaceofpoverty.Forexample，Americansroutinelyoverestimatetheshareofblackrecipientsof publicassistanceprograms.

　　[O]Inreality,mostpeople willexperiencesome formoffinancialhardshipatsomepointintheirlives.Indeed,peopletend todipinandoutofpoverty,perhapsduetounexpectedobstacleslikelosingajob,orwhenhoursofalow-wagejob fluctuate.

　　[P]Somethingeachofuscandoistotreateachotherwiththe dignityandsympathythatisdeservedandtounderstand deeplythattheissue ofpovertytouchesallofus.

　　答案：

　　36.[E]Thatcomment,saysMotheringJusticedirectorDanielleAtkinson,"wasmeanttoshame"

　　37.[H]Butthefactthat4in10Americanscan'tcomeupwith$400inanemergencyisacommonlycitedstatisticforgoodreason:

economicinstabilitystretchesacrossrace,gender,andgeography.

　　38.[M]AccordingtotheGeneralSocialSurvey,71percentof

　　respondentsbelievethecountryisspendingtoolittleon"assistancetothepoor."

　　39.[J]TheFrameWorksInstitute,aresearchgroupthatfocusesonpublicframingofissues,hasstudiedwhatsustainsstereotypesandnarrativesofpovertyintheUnitedKingdom

　　40.[D]lfthesearethecentralcharactersofourstoryaboutpoverty,whatlayersofperceptions,myths,andrealitiesmustweunearthtofindmeaningfulsolutionsandsupport?

　　41.[F]HowmanyofusarepoorintheU.S.?

　　42.[N]“Povertyhasbeeninterchangeablewithpeopleofcolor-specificallyblackwomenand”blackmothers,"saysAtkinsonofMotheringJustice.

　　43.[1]Negativeimagesremainofwhoislivinginpovertyaswellaswhatisneededtomoveoutofit.

　　44.[E]Thatcomment,saysMotheringJusticedirectorDan-ielleAtkinson,"wasmeanttoshame"

　　45.[L]Thoseexternalfactorsincludethedifficultiesaccompanyinglow-wageworkorstructuraldiscriminationbasedonrace,gender,orability.

　　SectionC

　　Passage One

　　Questions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

　　Boredomhas,paradoxically,becomequiteinterestingtoacademicslately.InearlyMay.London'sBoringConference celebrated seven years of delighting indullness.At this event.peopleflockedtotalksaboutweather