黑龙江省大庆市喇中初中英语 阅读理解集练 科普环保类.docx

黑龙江省大庆市喇中初中英语 阅读理解集练 科普环保类.docx

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黑龙江省大庆市喇中初中英语阅读理解集练科普环保类

科普环保类

1、FamousInventionsandTheirInventors

X-rayswerediscoveredin1895byaGermanprofessor,WilhelmRoentgen.Peopleallovertheworldwereamazedbyhisinvention,theX-raymachine.ThisinventionwassoimportantthatRoentgenwonthefirstNobelPrizeforPhysicsin1901.

ThetelephonewasinventedbyAlexanderGrahamBell,adoctorandspeechteacher.ThefirstphonecallwasmadebyBellin1876.Hegotacid（酸）onhispantsbyaccidentandwantedhispartner,ThomasWatson,tohelphim.Thefirstwordsspokenonthetelephonewere“Mr.Watson,comehere!

Ineedyou!

”

Televisionwasinventedin1926byJohnLogieBaird,aScottishinventor.Baird’stelevisioncertainlydidn'tlooklikeatelevisiontoday!

ElectronictelevisionsliketheoneswehavetodaywereinventedbyVladimirZworykininthe1920sintheUnitedStates.

Thefirstcomputerwasbuiltin1946bytwoAmericanengineers,J.PresperEckertandJohnW.Mauchly.Itwasdevelopedforthearmy,anditwassolargethatittookupthewholeroom!

Later,in1971,the“microchip”wasinvented,andsmallhomecomputerswerefirstproducedforpersonaluse.Todaycomputersareinvolvedinalmosteverythingwedoandarefoundalmosteverywherewego.

根据短文内容，判断正（T）误（F）。

【小题1】X-rayswerediscoveredbyaScottishinventorin1901.

【小题2】WilhelmRoentgenwonthefirstNobelPrizeforPhysics.

【小题3】ThetelephonewasinventedbyaGermanprofessor.

【小题4】Thefirsttelevisionandtheoneswehavetodaylookedthesame.

【小题5】TwoAmericanengineersbuiltthefirstcomputerin1946.

2、Whatdoyouseewhenyoulookatabstract（抽象）art?

Doesitmakesensetoyou?

Doesitlooklikeanything?

Abstractartbecamepopularintheearly20thcentury.Artistsdidnotwanttopaint,draw,orsculptthingsliketheylooked.Theydidn’twanttheirarttoberealistic（现实的）.Theyweremoreinterestedinbasicshapes（基础的造型）andcolours.

Picassoisprobablythemostfamousoftheseartists.Hepaintedanddrewinmany,manystyles.Sometimesheusedalotofbluecolours（his“blueperiod”）.Later,heusedmoreredandpinkcolours（his“roseperiod”）.Manyofhisotherpaintingsarecalled“cubist（立体画派）”becausetheyaremadeofpaintedsquares.

Afteralongtime,Picasso’spaintingsbecamemoreandmoreabstract.Hepaintedpeopleandthingsusingstrangeshapes.Hisworkwassooriginal,manyhisfellowartistsdidn’tunderstandit.

Kindinsky,anotherfamousartist,usedlines,shapes,andpatternstopainthissubjects.Hispaintingsalsousedstrongcolourstoexpressfeelings.

Otherartistslikethesurrealists（超现实主义者）,theywereinterestedinthesubconscious（潜意识）.PainterslikeBretonandMagritteusedmanysymbols（象征）intheirwork.Themeaningorsubjectoftheirworkwasn’talwaysclear.Dai,anotherartist,paintedpicturesthatlookedlikedreams.

Therearestillmanyabstractartistsaroundtheworld.It'softenhardtosaywhattheirartisabout.That’sthewaymanyartistslikebetter.Theywanteachpersontolookatartandfindtheirownmeaninginit.

【小题1】Whichwouldbemostlikeabstractart?

A．apaintingofahorse

B．asculpture（雕塑）ofacar

C．adrawingoftwopeopleinacoffeehouse.

D．Aredandbluepainting,withnoclearsubject.

【小题2】WhathappenedtoPicasso’sworkafteralongtime?

A．Itbecamemoreabstract.

B．Itbecamelessoriginal.

C．Hewentfromusingredcolourstousingbluecolours

D．Heonlypaintedwithcolouredsquares

【小题3】Whoisprobablythemostfamousabstractartist?

A．BretonB．Dali.C．PicassoD．Magritte

【小题4】WhichofthefollowingisNottrue?

A．Picassopaintedinmanydifferentstyles.

B．Daliwasinterestedindreams.

C．Abstractartistsfeeleachworkofartonlyhasonemeaning

D．Magritte’sartwasfullofsymbols.

3、阅读下面的材料，根据材料的内容，选择正确答案填空。

Tigersarestronganddangerousanimals.Butnowtheyareindanger.

Inthepast,therewereeightkindsoftigersintheworld.Butduringthe20thcentury,onlyfivewereleft.ThenumberofSiberiantigers（东北虎）wasabout300,butnowitislessthan22.They’reindangerofdyingout.Ifthegovernmentdoesnothing,wewon’tbeabletoseethemintentotwentyyears.

Inordertostoppeoplefromhuntingandkillingwildtigers,andinordertomakewildtigersmore,theWorldWildlifeFund（世界自然基金会）hasstartedaprogram（项目）recently（最近）.Chinaandtwelveothercountriesjoinedit.

However,it’snotenough.Rememberthatnatureisafoodchain（链）.Ifwehurtandkilltoomanywilddeerandpigs,wildtigerswilldieoutbecauseofhunger（饥饿）.Sothemostimportantthingistosavetheanimalsthattigerseat.Inordertoprotectthewildtigers,weneedcallon（号召）morepeopletostopeating,huntingandkillingwildanimals.

根据短文内容，选择正确答案。

【小题1】Duringthe20thcentury,_______kindsofwildtigerswereleft.

A．3B．5C．8D．20

【小题2】ThenumberofthewildSiberiantigersreduced（减少）about_______.

A．5%B．22C．93%D．30%

【小题3】Wildtigerswillbeindangerofdyingoutwithout_______.

A．pigsB．deerC．peopleD．AandB

【小题4】WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

A．Therearelessthan22wildSiberiantigersnow.

B．TherearetwelvecountriesintheWorldWildlifeFund.

C．Wildtigersmainlyfeedonpigsanddeer.

D．It’sourdutytoprotectthewildtigers.

【小题5】Thepassagemainlytellsus_______.

A．whyandhowdoweprotectthewildtigers

B．thegovernmentdoeseverythingtheycouldtoprotectthewildtigers

C．thewildtigerswilldieoutintentotwentyyears

D．themostimportantthingistosavetheanimalsthattigerseat

4、阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

Atpresent,toomuchcarbondioxide（二氧化碳）makestheearthwarmerandwarmerandcausesterribleeffecttohumanbeings．Tosaveourplanet,tosaveourselves,anewlifestylecalledlow-carbonlife（低碳生活）becomespopular．Lowcarbonmeanslowenergyandnowaste．Itisnecessaryforeverybodytolearntolivealow-carbonlife．

Tolivealow-carbonlife,we’dbettersaveenergyaspossible．TurnoffthelightsandTVwhenevertheyarenotneeded．Ifpossible,usecoldwatertowashclothesordishes．Takeashortshowerandtrytotakeacoldonewhentheweathergetswarm．Don’tdothecookingwithelectricity．

Tolivealow-carbonlife,weshouldeatlessmeat．Everybodyknowseatingtoomuchmeatmakespeoplefatandeasytohaveheartdisease,butmaybeyoudon’tknowkeepinganimalsforfoodproducesevenmorecarbondioxidethanallthecarsintheworld,andbeingavegetariancanhelpreduceoneandahalftonsofcarbondioxideayear．Maybeitisalittledifficult,butit’sreallynecessary．

Tolivealow-carbonlife,wearesupposedtodolessshopping．Whenwegoshopping,wemaydriveacarortakeothertransportations．Ontheonehand,thesemachinespollutetheairandwasteenergy．Ontheotherhand,mostofusalwaysbuysomeuselessthingsbecauseofsomeadvertisements．Itisnotonlyawasteofmoneybutalsocausestroubletotheearth,becauseasyouknow,makingeverythingwillproducecarbondioxidemoreorless．

Therearemanyotherwaystolivelow-carbonlife,suchasrecyclingthings,plantingtreesandreusingtextbooks．Ifwecankeepitahabitinourdailylife,theearthwillbecomeasaferplanetforustoliveon．

根据短文内容，选择正确答案。

【小题1】_____makestheweatherontheearthgetwarmer．

A．Littlerubbish

B．Awasteofmoney

C．Toomuchcarbondioxide

D．Awasteofwater

【小题2】Wecan_____tosaveenergyinourdailylife．

A．uselesselectricity

B．gotosleepwithlightson

C．washclotheswithhotwater

D．drivecartowork

【小题3】Theunderlinedword“it”inthethirdparagraphmeans_____．

A．eatinglessmeat

B．havingheartdisease

C．keepinganimalsforfood

D．eatinglessvegetables

【小题4】Weshoulddolessshoppingbecause_____．

A．wastingmoneycausestroubletopeople

B．theadvertisementsaresometimesmisleading

C．thelessyoushop,thelesscarbondioxidewillbeproduced

D．someofthethingsyouboughtareuseless

【小题5】Ifeverybodylivesalow-carbonlife,_____．

A．wewillwastemoreenergy

B．therewillbelesscarbondioxide

C．theearthwillbecomeadangerousplacetoliveon

D．therewillbemorecarbondioxide

5、阅读下列内容，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。

D

Somepeoplethinkthatsingingcanliftourspirits（情绪）,whilesomeotherpeople don’tthinkso．Theydon’tlikesingingandtheythinksingingcannevermakethemhappy．Idothinksingingcanmakeusfeelgood,anditcanliftourspirits．Letmetellyoumoreaboutthat．

Someresearchers（研究者）oncedidsomesurveysandprovedit．Thesurveysshow thatsingingcanbringalotofhealthbenefits（益处）．Ifyousingwithyourfriends,theeffectsmaybeevenbetter．

JohnLennonwasonceateacherofVocalPerformance（声乐表演）atEmporiaStateUniversity．Hesays,“Singingisaninborn（天生的）need．Babiessingtothemselvesandtheyseemsohappy．Likebabies,whenwesing,wefeelsogoodandsingingmakesusfeelevenbetter．IlikesingingandIamhappyeveryday．”

Musicisapartofhumannature．Andsingingisaformofexpressionthatcanbeunderstoodbyeveryone．Somepeoplesaythatmusicislikeakindoflanguage．Thelanguagecanshowpeople’sopinionsandattitudes（态度）totheirlife．Somesongscancheerpeopleupwhentheyareintrouble．Somesongscanmakepeoplehappyandexcited．That’swhytheTVshowTheVoiceofChinaissopopularwithpeople．

【小题1】Accordingtosomesurveys,singingcanbring__________．

A．healthbenefits

B．healthproblems

C．happinessandsuccess

D．sometrouble

【小题2】Theunderlinedword“expression”probablymeans“_________”inChinese．

A．运动

B．表情

C．表达

D．放松

【小题3】TheTVshowTheVoiceofChinaispopularbecause_________．

A．allthesingersaregoodatsinginganddancing

B．songsmakepeoplehappyandexcited

C．allthesingerslookniceincoolclothes