大学英语四级考试及答案模拟题一范文.docx
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大学英语四级考试及答案模拟题一范文
模拟题一
PartIWriting
Directions:
Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopic:
GraduateSchoolorWork?
Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese:
目前,越来越多的大学生本科毕业之后选择继续进入研究生院学习。
一个重要的原因是工作不太好找。
那么你打算在大学毕业之后选择找工作还是准备继续上研究生呢?
请就这个问题谈谈你的打算和主要原因。
PartIIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)
Directions:
Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswersheet1.
WhyWeLaugh
Westartfindingthingslaughable—ornotlaughable—earlyinlife.Aninfantfirstsmilesatapproximatelyeightdaysofage.Manypsychologistsassumethisishisfirstsignofsimplepleasure—food,warmthandcomfort.Atsixmonthsorless,theinfantlaughstoexpresscomplexpleasures—suchasthelightofMother'ssmilingface.Betweentheagesofsixmonthsandoneyear,thebabylearnstolaughforessentiallythesamereasonshewilllaughthroughouthislife,saysDr.JacobLevine,associateprofessorofpsychologyatYaleUniversity.Dr.Levinesaysthatpeoplelaughtoexpressmasteryoverananxiety.Picturewhathappenswhenafatherthrowshischildintotheair.Thechildwillprobablylaugh—butnotthefirsttime.Inspiteofhisenjoymentof"flying",heistooanxioustolaugh.HowdoesheknowDaddywillcatchhim?
Oncethechildrealizeshewillbecaught,heisfreetoenjoythegame.Butmoreimportantly,saysDr.Levine,thechildlaughsbecausehehasmasteredananxiety.
Adultlaughterismoresubtle,butwealsolaughatwhatweusedtofear.Thefeelingofachievement,orlackofit,remainsacrucialfactor.Givingafirstdinnerpartyisananxiouseventforanewbride.Willthefoodbegood?
Willtheguestsgetalong?
Willshebeagoodhostess?
Willtheknivesandforks,cupsandsaucersbeallright?
Allgoeswell;thepartyisover.Nowshelaughsfreely.Herpleasurefromhavingprovedhersuccessisthefoundationforherpleasureinrecallingtheeveningactivities.Shecouldn'tenjoythesecondpleasurewithoutthefirst,moreimportantone—hermasteryofanxiety.
Laughterisasocialresponsetriggeredbycues.Scientistshavenotdeterminedabraincenterforlaughter,andtheyareperplexedbypatientswithcertaintypesofbraindamagewhogointolaughingfitsfornoapparentreason.Therestofusrequirecompany,andareasontolaugh.
Whenwefindourselvesaloneinahumoroussituation,ourusualresponseistosmile.Isn'tithuethatourhighestcomplimenttoahumorousbookistosaythat"itmademelaughoutofloud"?
Ofcourse,wedooccasionallylaughalone;butwhenwedo,weare,inasense,socializingwithourselves.Welaughatamemory,oratapartofourselves.
Ofcourse,wedon'talwaysneedajoketomakeuslaugh.Peoplewhosurvivefrighteningsituations,suchasafireoranemergencyplanelanding,frequentlyrelatetheirstoryofthecrisiswithlaughter.Partofthelaughterexpressreliefthateverythingisnowallright.Duringacrisis,definitely,everyonemobilizesenergytodealwiththepotentialproblem.Ifthedangerisavoided,weneedtoreleasethatenergy.Somepeoplecry;otherslaugh.
Whenwearemadethetargetofajoke,eitheronapersonalorimpersonallevel,weareemotionallyinvolvedinit.Consequently,wewon'tbeabletolaugh.
Knowingthatlaughterbluntsemotion,wecanbetterunderstandwhywesometimeslaughwhennothingisfunny.Welaughduringmomentsofanxietybecausewefeelnomasteryoverthesituation,claimsDr.Levine.Heexplains,"veryoftencompulsivelaughterisalearnedresponse.Ifwelaugh,itexpressesgoodfeelingsandthefactthatweareabletocope.Whenwe'reinasituationinwhichwecan'tcope,welaughtoreassureourselvesthatwecan!
"
Howoftenhavewelaughedatafuneraloruponhearingbadnews?
Welaughtodenyanunendurablerealityuntilwearestrongenoughtoacceptit.Laughteralsobreaksourtension.However,wemayalsobelaughingtoexpressreliefthatthetragedydidn'thappentous.Welaughbeforegivingabigparty,beforedeliveringaspeech,orwhilegettingatrafficticket,tosay,"Thisisn'tbotheringme.See?
Iamlaughing."
Butifwesometimeslaughinsorrow,moreoftenwelaughwithjoy.Laughtercreatesandstrengthensoursocial
bonds.Andtheabilitytosharealaughhasguidedmanymarriagesthroughhardperiodsofadjustment.
Howcouldwemanagealifewiththeabsenceoflaugh?
AccordingtoDr.Levine,wecanmeasureouradjustmenttotheworldbyourcapacitytolaugh.Whenwearesecureaboutourabilities,wecanlaughatthedefectsofourowncharacter.Ifwecanlaughthroughouranxieties,wewillnotbeoverpoweredbythem.
Theabilitytolaughstartsearly,butittakesalifetimetoperfect.SaysDr.Grotjahn,"whensocialrelationshipsaremastered,whentheindividualhasmastered...apeacefulrelationshipwithhimself,thenhehas...thesenseofhumor."Andthenhecanthrowbackhisheadandlaugh.Bothinfantsandadultslaughforthesamereasons.
1.Givingyourfirstdinnerpartyisasourceoflaughter.
2.Thecuesthattriggerlaughterhavebeenstudiedbyscientists.3.Ordinarypeoplelaughalotwhentheyarealone.
4.Ifyouescapefromadangeroussituationyoumightcry.
5.Whensomeonemakesajokeaboutusweareabletosharetojoke.6.Funeralsareagoodsourceofjokes.
7.Ittakesalifetimetoperfecttheabilitytolaugh.
8.Laughterisadefensemechanismwhenrealityistoohardorifwehear______.
9.Achildofoneandanoldmanlaughtoshowtheir______ofanxiety.
10.Laughterisasocialgluethat______ourrelations.
PartIVReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)
SectionA
Directions:
Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.
AndrewCarnegie,knownastheKingofSteel,builtthesteelindustryintheUnitedStates.Andinthisprocess,hebecameoneofthe(47)meninAmerica.Hissuccessresultedinpartfromhisabilitytoselltheproductandinpartfromhispolicyof(48)duringperiodsofeconomicdecline,whenmostofhiscompetitorswerereducingtheir(49).
Carnegiebelievedthatindividualsshouldprogressthroughhardwork,buthealsofeltstronglythatthewealthyshouldusetheir(50)forthebenefitofsociety.Heopposedcharity,(51)insteadtoprovideeducationalopportunitiesthatwouldallowothersto(52)themselves.
Amonghismore(53)contributionstosocietyarethosethatbearhisname,includingtheCarnegieInstituteofPittsburgh,whichhasalibrary,amuseumoffinearts,andamuseumofnationalhistory.Healsofoundedaschooloftechnologythatis(54)partofCarnegie-MellonUniversity.OtherphilanthropicgiftsaretheCarnegieEndowmentforInternationalPeaceto(55)understandingbetweennations,andtheCarnegieInstituteofWashingtontofundscientificresearch.
Thereare(56)AmericanswhohavebeenleftuntouchedbyAndrewCarnegie'sgenerosity.Hiscontributionsofmorethanfivemilliondollarsestablished2,500librariesinsmallcommunitiesthroughoutthecountryandformedthenucleusofthepubliclibrarysystemthatweallenjoytoday.
A)preferring
B)presently
C)wealthiest
D)previously
E)few
F)investments
G)fortune
H)expanding
I)noteworthy
J)promote
K)help
L)shrinking
M)opting
N)obstruct
O)many
SectionB
Directions:
Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarked[A]、[B]、[C]and[D].YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.
PassageOne
ExaminationshavealongerhistoryinChinathaninanyothercountry,yetitistodayanissuearoundinwhichcontroversyflourishes.Ateachstageoftheirschoolliveschildrenarefacedwithexams:
examstoenterjuniormiddleschool,seniormiddleschool,vocationalschool,collegesanduniversities.Asaresultofhavingconstantlytothinkofthesehurdlesfacingthemchildrenfindthemselvesunderconstantpressure,unabletotaketimeofffromstudyingexam-orientedsubjectstorelaxwithfriendsortodevelopotherinterests.Withinschooltheconcentrationonexamsuccessleadstotheneglectofcourseswhicharenotcentraltotheexaminationsandamethodofteachingandlearningwhichemphasizestrainingtheabilitytodowellintestsbutneglectsdevelopingtheabilitytothinkcreatively.
Despitesuchcriticismstheexaminationsystemstillhasitsdefenders.Withoutit,theyargue,howcanweteststudents'abilitiesandevaluatetheeffectivenessofteachersandschools?
Theybelievethattheyprovidetheonlyobjectivewayofselectingstudentsandreducetheexerciseofunfairback-doorpracticestogainadvantageforchildrenonthebasisofinfluenceorcorruption.Examinationsarealsofelttooffertheimpetustostudentstomastertheirsubjectinawayinwhichtheyotherwisemightnot."Whiletoomuchanxietycanbeabadthing,alittleanxietycanstimulatestudentstolearnbetterthanifleftwithoutanytesttopass,"saysLiJie,aleadingadvocateofthevalueoftesting."IcanrememberthingsnowwhichgivemegreatpleasurewhichIdoubtIwouldhavelearnedatthetimeifIhadnothadtodosofortheexaminations."
57.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutexaminationsinChinaiscorrect?
[A