学年高中英语 单元质量评估一新人教版必修4.docx
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学年高中英语单元质量评估一新人教版必修4
2019-2020学年高中英语单元质量评估
（一）新人教版必修4
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
JKRowling，authoroftheHarryPotterbookseries，beganwritingatage6.Inherbiography（传记），shewellremembershergoodfriend，Sean，whomshemetinsecondaryschool，helpedbuildherconfidenceinbecomingaverygoodwriter.“Hewasthefirstpersontoknowmyseriousdreamtobeawriter.HewasalsotheonlypersonwhothoughtIwascertaintobeasuccessatit，whichmeantmuchmoretome.”
Rowlingmetmanydifficultiesinherwriting，especiallyfantasy（幻想）stories.Itwasn'tuntil1990thatshefirstgottheideaaboutHarryPotter.Assherecalls，itwasonalongtrainjourneyfromLondontoManchesterthat“theideaofHarryPottersimplyfellintomyhead.Ididn'thaveapenwithme，andIwastooshytoaskanybodyifIcouldborrowone.Ithink，now，thatthiswasprobablyagoodthing，becauseIsimplysatandthought，forfour（delayedtrain）hours，andallthedetailsappearedinmybrain，andthisthin，black－haired，glasses－wearingboywhodidn'tknowhewasawizard（男巫）becamemoreandmorerealtome.”
Thatsameyear，hermotherpassedawayafteraten－yearillness，whichdeeplyaffectedherwriting.Shewentontomarryandhadadaughter，butseparatedfromherhusbandshortlyafterwards.
Duringthistime，Rowlingsufferedfromdepression（抑郁症）．She，outofwork，completedherfirstnovelinthecafes，whereshecouldgetherdaughtertofallasleep.Afterbeingrefusedby12publishinghouses，thefirstHarryPotternovelwassoldtoasmallBritishpublishinghouse.
Nowwithsevenbookssoldnearly400millioncopiesin64languages，JKRowlingisthehighestearningnovelistinhistory.Anditallbeganwiththeconfidenceofafriend!
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇人物传记，主要介绍了《哈利·波特》的作者J·K·罗琳。
1．Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleofthepassage?
A．ConfidenceofafriendhelpedthesuccessofHarryPotter
B．JKRowling'shardlifeandthesuccessofHarryPotter
C．JKRowling—authoroftheHarryPotterbookseries
D．HowJKRowlingfirstlygottheideaofHarryPotter
解析：
细节理解题。
根据第一段“...shewellremembershergoodfriend，Sean，...helpedbuildherconfidenceinbecomingaverygoodwriter.”和最后一段“Anditallbeganwiththeconfidenceofafriend！
”可知，正是朋友的鼓励和支持才促使罗琳写出了《哈利·波特》系列小说。
故选A。
答案：
A
2．Accordingtothepassage，weknowJKRowling________．
A．hadahappyfamily
B．hadaten－yearillness
C．earnedalotfromhernovels
D．published12booksin64languages
解析：
细节理解题。
根据最后一段“JKRowlingisthehighestearningnovelistinhistory.”可知，罗琳是历史上收入最高的小说家。
故选C。
答案：
C
3．WheredidJKRowlingfirsthavetheshapeofHarryPotter?
A．Inthecafes.
B．Onatrain.
C．Inasecondaryschool.
D．Inapublishinghouse.
解析：
细节理解题。
根据第二段“...itwasonalongtrainjourneyfromLondontoManchesterthat‘theideaofHarryPottersimplyfellintomyhead...’”可知，罗琳是在一列火车上萌生了小说人物的原型。
故选B。
答案：
B
4．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?
A．HarryPotterknewhewasawizard.
B．JKRowlingwrotedownherideawhileshewasonthetrainbyborrowingapen.
C．It'sluckythatJKRowlingdidn'thaveapenwhileshegottheideaofHarryPotter.
D．HarryPotterwasathin，yellow－hairedhandsomeboywithapairofglassesonhisnose.
解析：
推理判断题。
根据第二段最后一句中“boywhodidn'tknowhewasawizard”可知，哈利·波特不知道自己是男巫，排除A；根据第二段“...IwastooshytoaskanybodyifIcouldborrowone.”可知，罗琳因为害羞而没有借钢笔，排除B；根据第二段“thisthin，black－haired，glasses－wearingboy”可知，哈利·波特是一头黑发，排除D。
故选C。
答案：
C
B
SincethefirstEarthDayin1970，Americanshavegottenalot“greener”towardtheenvironment.“Wedidn'tknowatthattimethereevenwasanenvironment，letalonethattherewasaproblemwithit，”saysBruceAnderson，presidentofEarthDayUSA.
Butwhatbeganasnothingimportantinpublicaffairshasgrownintoasocialmovement.Businesspeople，politicalleaders，universityprofessors，andespeciallymillionsofgrass－rootsAmericansaretakingpartinthemovement.“Theunderstandinghasincreasedmany，manytimes，”saysGaylordNelson，theformergovernorfromWisconsin，whothoughtupthefirstEarthDay.
AccordingtoUSgovernmentreports，emissions（排放）fromcarsandtruckshavedroppedfrom10.3milliontonsayearto5.5milliontons.ThenumberofcitiesproducingCObeyondthestandardhasbeenreducedfrom40to9.Althoughseriousproblemsstillremainandneedtobedealtwith，theworldisasaferandhealthierplace.Akindof“greenthinking”hasbecomepartofpractices.
Greatimprovementhasbeenachieved.In1988therewereonly600recyclingprogrammes;todayin1995thereareabout6，600.Advancedlights，motors，andbuildingdesignshavehelpedsavealotofenergyandthereforepreventedpollution.
Twenty－fiveyearsago，therewerehardlyanyeducationprogrammesforenvironment.Today，it'shardtofindapublicschool，university，orlawschoolthatdoesnothavesuchakindofprogramme.“Untilwedothat，nothingelsewillchange！
”saysBruceAnderson.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了1970年第一个地球日以来，美国人在环保问题认识上的变化，以及积极采取应对环境问题的一些有效措施等。
这使得保护环境慢慢地成为一项社会运动并取得了一定的成效。
5．AccordingtoAnderson，before1970，Americanshadlittleideaabout________．
A．thesocialmovement
B．recyclingtechniques
C．environmentalproblems
D．theimportanceofEarthDay
解析：
细节理解题。
根据第一段中所引用的布鲁斯·安德森说的话可知，那时美国人没有环保意识。
答案：
C
6．Wheredoesthesupportforenvironmentalprotectionmainlycomefrom?
A．Thegrass－rootslevel.
B．Thebusinesscircle.
C．Governmentofficials.
D．Universityprofessors.
解析：
细节理解题。
根据第二段中的“...especiallymillionsofgrass－rootsAmericans...”可知，草根阶层是这场运动的主要支持者。
答案：
A
7．WhathaveAmericansachievedinenvironmentalprotection?
A．Theyhavecutcaremissionstothelowest.
B．Theyhavesettledtheirenvironmentalproblems.
C．TheyhaveloweredtheirCOlevelsinfortycities.
D．Theyhavereducedpollutionthrougheffectivemeasures.
解析：
推理判断题。
文章第三段谈到，汽车排放减少、许多城市的一氧化碳排放量也大大降低，由此可以推知，他们通过有效的措施减少了污染。
答案：
D
C
Allkindsofsportsstarsarebecomingspotlightsoftheworld.Ihopethatithaschangedsomeparents'ideaofsports，andtheyhavestartedtoencouragetheirchildrentoexercisemore.
MostChinesehaveawrongidea，thinkingthatsportsareawasteoftime.Theythinkthatitisuselesstoexerciseandchildrenshouldspendmoretimeinstudying，sothattheycanbecomesuccessfulprofessionalsinthefuture.
JeremyLin'sparentsdidnotforcehimtoworkforabankandearnhugesalariesafterhegraduatedfromtheHarvardUniversityDepartmentofEconomics.Ifhisparentswerenotopen－minded，hewouldnothaveachancetoentertheNationalBasketballAssociation（NBA）andlaterswepttheworldwiththe“JeremyLincraze”．
ChinesehurdlerLiuXianggraduatedfromtheShanghaiSportsTechnicalInstituteandtheEastChinaNormalUniversity.HeearneduptoD|S461millionofadvertisingrevenue（收益）afterwinningagoldmedalatthe2004AthensOlympics.
Ofcourse，noteveryonecanbecomeagreatathlete.Sports，however，enablechildrentolearnsomethingthattheycannotlearninclassroom，whichhelpsthemenhancetheirpsychologicalqualities.AccordingtoTaiwan－basedmagazineCommonWealth，inadditiontofitness，sportsarealsogoodformentalhealth.Anincreasingnumberofstudieshaveshownthatchildrenwholovesportshavebettermemory，aswellasabilitiestouniteandrespond.
Sportsbring10goodvalues，namelyenthusiasm，discipline（纪律）andconcentration，selflessness，respect，diversification（多元化）inpointsoflookingatthings，courage，leadership，responsibility，setback（挫折）resistanceandimagination.Inotherwords，sportscanimproveachild'sIntelligenceQuotient（IQ），EmotionalQuotient（EQ）andAdversity（逆境）Quotient（AQ）．
Therefore，thegovernmentshouldincreasephysicaleducationclassesinschools.Inadditiontopromotingchildhealthandsolvingobesityproblems，itcanalsoenhancethepeople'scompetitiveness.
【语篇解读】 越来越多的体育明星成为人们关注的焦点，很多家长可能改变了对体育运动的看法，他们可能开始鼓励孩子多运动，因为体育运动不仅能增强孩子们的体质，而且还能改善孩子们的心理素质。
8．Whatistheauthor'spurposeinthepassage?
A．Tosharehisgreatexperienceofmeetingsportsstars.
B．Tocallonpeopletoknowthevalueofsports.
C．Toencourageparentstotakepartinsports.
D．Toshowhisconcernfortheeducation.
解析：
目的意图题。
依据第一段中的“Ihopethatithaschangedsomeparents'ideaofsports，andtheyhavestartedtoencouragetheirchildrentoexercisemore.”可知，作者希望家长改变对体育运动的看法，真正了解体育运动的价值，故选项B正确。
答案：
B
9．Chineseparentshaveawrongideaaboutsports________．
A．becausetheysparealmostnotimeinsports
B．becausetheyonlywanttheirchildrentoperformwellacademically
C．becausetheyintendtomaketheirchildrenspecial
D．becausetheyhavenochoicetochooseinChina
解析：
细节理解题。
依据第二段中的“Theythinkthatitisuselesstoexerciseandchildrenshouldspendmoretimeinstudying.”可知，大部分中国家长想让孩子把时间用在学习上，将来成为专业人才，因此选项B正确。
答案：
B
10．TheauthortakesJeremyLinandLiuXiangforexample________．
A．becausehewantstoshowtheybothearntoomuchmoney
B．becausehewishesalltheparentstolearnfromtheirs
C．becausehehopestheparentswillknowsports'value
D．becausehestressessocietypaysmoreattentiononsports
解析：
推理判断题。
在文章第三、四段中作者用林书豪和刘翔的成功例子，是为了让家长们注重孩子的特长，看到体育的价值，不要一味地追求学术方面的成就，因此选项C正确。
答案：
C
11．Ifyourkidgoesinforsports________．
A．hemustbeasuccessfulathleteinthefuture
B．hewillturnabraveandgenerousperson
C．hewillbecomemorementallyhealthy
D．hemustbesuccessfulintheexamination
解析：
细节理解题。
依据第五段中的“Sports，however，enablechildrentolearnsomethingthattheycannotlearninclassroom，whichhelpsthemenhancetheirpsychologicalqualities.”可知，体育运动可以使孩子学到在课堂上学不到的东西，帮助他们提高心理素质，由此可知选项C正确。
答案：
C
D
Shewon4WorldCuptitles，andgotasilvermedalandagoldmedalintheOlympics.Whoisshe?
JenniferHeil.
ShewasbornonApril11，1983inCanada.SheissogoodatskiingmaybebecauseshestartedhittingtheCanadianslopesatagetwo.ShewenttoMcGillUniversity
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