考研英语一真题及答案word版0001.docx

考研英语一真题及答案word版0001.docx

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考研英语一真题及答案word版0001

2016考研英语

真题&答案【完整版】

新东方在线

SectionIUseofEnglish

Directions:

Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword（s）foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.（10points）

InCambodia,thechoiceofaspouseisacomplexonefortheyoung

male.Itmayinvolvenotonlyhisparentsandhisfriends,_1_thoseoftheyoungwoman,butalsoamatchmaker.Ayoungmancan_2_alikelyspouseonhisownandthenaskhisparentsto3themarriagenegotiations,ortheyoungman'sparentsmaymakethechoiceofa

spouse,givingthechildlittletosayintheselection.4,agirlmayvetothespouseherparentshavechosen.5aspousehasbeenselected,eachfamilyinvestigatestheothertomakesureitschildismarrying6agood

family.

Thetraditionalweddingisalongandcolorfulaffair.Formerlyitlastedthreedays,_7_ythe1980sitmorecommonlylastedadayandahalf.Buddhistpriestsofferashortsermonand_8_prayersofblessing.Partsoftheceremonythebride'sandgroom'swrists,and10acandle

aroundacircleofhappilyinwiththewife'sparentsandmay12with

Divorceislegalandeasyto14,butnotcommon.Divorced

personsare15withsomedisapproval.Eachsprouseretains_16propertyheorshe17intothemarriage,andjointly-acquiredpropertyis18equally.Divorcedpersonsmayremarry,butagenderprejudice19up:

Thedivorcedmaledoesn'thaveawaitingperiodbeforehecanremarry20thewomanmustwaittenmonths.

1.[A]bywayof[B]onbehalfof[C]aswellas[D]withregardto

2.[A]adaptto

[B]providefor

[C]competewith[D]decideon

3.[A]close

[B]renew

[C]arrange

[D]postpone

4.[A]Aboveall

[B]Intheory

[C]Intime

[D]Forexample

5.[A]Although

[B]Lest

[C]After

[D]Unless

6.[A]into

[B]within

[C]from

[D]through

7.[A]sinee

[B]but

[C]or

[D]so

8.[A]copy

[B]test

[C]recite

[D]create

9.[A]folding

[B]piling

[C]wrapping

[D]tying

10.[A]passing

[B]lighting[C]hiding[D]serving

11.[A]meeting

[B]collection

[C]association

[D]union

12.[A]grow

[B]part

[C]deal

[D]live

13.[A]whereas

[B]until

[C]if

[D]for

14.[A]obtain

[B]follow

[C]challenge

[D]avoid

15.[A]isolated

[B]persuaded

[C]viewed

[D]exposed

16.[A]whatever

[B]however

[C]whenever

[D]wherever

18.[A]withdrawn[B]invested[C]donated[D]divided

19.?

[A]breaks?

[B]warms?

[C]shows?

[D]clears

20.[A]so?

[B]while?

[C]once?

[D]in?

that?

Text1

France,whichpridesitselfastheglobalinnovatoroffashion,has

decideditsfashionindustryhaslostanabsoluterighttodefinephysicalbeautyforwomen.Itslawmakersgavepreliminaryapprovallastweekto

alawthatwould

makeitacrimetoemploy

ultra-thin

modelson

runaways.

Theparliament

alsoagreedtoban

websites

that

incite

excessivethinness”

bypromotingextremedieting.

Suchmeasures

have

acoupleofuplifting

motives.

They

suggest

beautyshouldnotbedefinedbylooksthatendupimpingingonhealth.

That'sastart.Andthebanonultra-thinmodelsseemstogobeyond

protectingmodelsfromstarvingthemselvestodeath-assomehave

done.Ittellsthefashionindustrythatitmusttakeresponsibilityforthe

signalitsendswomen,especiallyteenagegirls,aboutthesocial

tape-measuretheymustusetodeterminetheirindividualworth.

Thebans,iffullyenforced,wouldsuggesttowomen（andmanymen）

thattheyshouldnotletothersbearbitersoftheirbeauty.Andperhaps

faintly,theyhintthatpeopleshouldlooktointangiblequalitieslikecharacterandintellectratherthandietingtheirwaytosizezeroor

wasp-waistphysiques.

TheFrenchmeasures,however,relytoomuchonseverepunishmenttochangeaculturethatstillregardsbeautyasskin-deep-andbone-showing.Underthelaw,usingafashionmodelthatdoesnotmeetagovernment-definedindexofbodymasscouldresultina$85,000fineandsixmonthsinprison.

Thefashionindustryknowsithasaninherentprobleminfocusingonmaterialadornmentandidealizedbodytypes.InDenmark,theUnitedStates,andafewothercountries,itistryingtosetvoluntarystandardsformodelsandfashionimagesthatrelymoreonpeerpressureforenforcement.

IncontrasttoFrance'sactions,Denmark'sfashionindustryagreedlastmonthonrulesandsanctionsregardingtheage,health,andothercharacteristicsofmodels.ThenewlyrevisedDanishFashionEthicalCharterclearlystates:

“Weareawareofandtakeresponsibilityforthe

impactthefashionindustryhasonbodyideals,especiallyonyoungpeople.”Thecharter'smaintoolofenforcementistodenyaccessfordesignersandmodelingagenciestoCopenhagenFashionWeek（CFW）,whichisrunbytheDanishFashionInstitute.Butingeneralitreliesonaname-and-shamemethodofcompliance.

Relyingonethicalpersuasionratherthanlawtoaddressthemisuseofbodyidealsmaybethebeststep.Evenbetterwouldbetohelpelevatenotionsofbeautybeyondthematerialstandardsofaparticularindustry.

21.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,whatwouldhappeninFrance?

[A]Newrunwayswouldbeconstructed.

[B]Physicalbeautywouldberedefined.

[C]Websitesaboutdietingwouldthrive.

[D]Thefashionindustrywoulddecline.

22.Thephrase“impingingon”（Line2,Para.2）isclosestinmeaningto

[A]heighteningthevalueof.

[B]indicatingthestateof.

[C]losingfaithin.

[D]doingharmto.

23.Whichofthefollowingistrueofthefashionindustry?

[A]NewstandardsarebeingsetinDenmark.

[B]TheFrenchmeasureshavealreadyfailed.

[C]Modelsarenolongerunderpeerpressure.

[D]Itsinherentproblemsaregettingworse.

24.AdesignerismostlikelytoberejectedbyCFWfor

[A]pursuingperfectphysicalconditions.

[B]caringtoomuchaboutmodels'character.

[C]showinglittleconcernforhealthfactors.

[D]settingahighagethresholdformodels.

25.Whichofthefollowingmaybethebesttitleofthetext?

[A]AChallengetotheFashionIndustry'sBodyIdeals

[B]ADilemmafortheStarvingModelsinFrance

[C]JustAnotherRoundofStruggleforBeauty

[D]TheGreatThreatstotheFashionIndustry

Text2

Forthefirsttimeinhistorymorepeopleliveintownsthaninthecountry.InBritainthishashadacuriousresult.WhilepollsshowBritonsrate“thecountryside”alongsidetheroyalfamily,ShakespeareandtheNationalHealthService（NHS）aswhatmakesthemproudestoftheircountry,thishaslimitedpoliticalsupport.

AcenturyagoOctaviaHilllaunchedtheNationalTrustnottorescuestylishhousesbuttosave“thebeautyofnaturalplacesforeveryoneforever.”Itwasspecificallytoprovidecitydwellerswithspacesforleisurewheretheycouldexperience“arefreshingair.”Hill'spressures

laterledtothecreationofnationalparksandgreenbelts.Theydon't

makecountrysideanymore,andeveryyearconcreteconsumesmoreofit.Itneedsconstantguardianship.

Atthenextelectionnoneofthebigpartiesseemlikelytoendorsethissentiment.TheConservatives'planningreformexplicitlygivesruraldevelopmentpriorityoverconservation,evenauthorizing“off-plan”buildingwherelocalpeoplemightobject.Theconceptofsustainabledevelopmenthasbeendefinedasprofitable.Labourlikewisewantstodiscontinuelocalplanningwherecouncilsopposedevelopment.TheLiberalDemocratsaresilent.OnlyUkip,sensingitschance,hassidedwiththosepleadingforamoreconsideredapproachtousinggreenland.

ItsCampaigntoProtectRuralEnglandstruckterrorintomanylocalConservativeparties.

Thesensibleplacetobuildnewhouses,factoriesandofficesiswherepeopleare,incitiesandtownswhereinfrastructureisinplace.TheLondonagentsStirlingAckroydrecentlyidentifiedenoughsitesforhalfamillionhousesintheLondonareaalone,withnointrusionongreenbelt.WhatistrueofLondoniseventrueroftheprovinces.

Theideathat“housingcrisis”equals“concretedmeadows”ispurelobbytalk.Theissueisnottheneedformorehousesbut,asalways,wheretoputthem.Underlobbypressure,GeorgeOsbornefavoursruralnew-buildagainsturbanrenovationandrenewal.Hefavoursout-of-townshoppingsitesagainsthighstreets.Thisisnotafreemarketbutabiasedone.Ruraltownsandvillageshavegrownandwillalwaysgrow.Theydosobestwherebuildingstickstotheiredgesandrespectstheircharacter.Wedonotruinurbanconservationareas.Whyruinruralones?

Developmentshouldbeplanned,notletrip.AftertheNetherlands,BritainisEurope'smostcrowdedcountry.Halfacenturyoftownandcountryplanninghasenabledittoretainanenviableruralcoherence,whilestillpermittinglow-densityurbanliving.Thereisnodoubtofthealternative—thecorruptedlandscapesofsouthernPortugal,SpainorIreland.Avoidingthisratherthanpromotingitshouldunitetheleftandrightofthepoliticalspectrum.

26.Britain'spublicsentimentaboutthecountryside

[A]didn'tstarttilltheShakespeareanage.

[B]hasbroughtmuchbenefittotheNHS.

[C]isfullybackedbytheroyalfamily.

[D]isnotwellreflectedinpolitics.

27.AccordingtoParagraph2,theachievementsoftheNationalTrustarenowbeing

[A]graduallydestroyed.

[B]effectivelyreinforced.

[C]largelyovershadowed.

[D]properlyprotected.

28.WhichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromParagraph3?

[A]Labourisunderattackforopposingdevelopment.

[B]TheConservativesmayabandon“off-plan”building.

[C]TheLiberalDemocratsarelosingpoliticalinfluence.

[D]Ukipmaygainfromitssupportforruralconservation.

29.TheauthorholdsthatGeorgeOsborne'spreference

[A]highlightshisfirmstandagainstlobbypressure.

[B]showshisdisregardforthecha