甘肃省兰州市高三英语上学期期中试题.docx
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甘肃省兰州市高三英语上学期期中试题
2017-2018-1学期高三年级期中考试试题
英语
说明:
本试卷满分120分,考试时间100分钟。
答案写在答题卡上,交卷时只交答题卡。
第一部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
Whatwillyouthinkofwhenitcomesto“HongKong”and“greatswimming”?
Shoppingsure,butswimmingpool?
Turnsout,alongwithallitsotherattractions,HongKongisloadedwithwonderfulpools.
TheRitz-Carlton
ThepoolattheRitz-Carltonisbreathtaking,thankstotheview,thealtitudeand,ofcourse,theswim.Onthe118thfloorat484metersabovethestreetinthetallestbuildinginHongKong,it'stheworld'shighestswimmingpool.Theceilingandwallsaremadeupof144LEDscreensdisplayingcoralreefsandothernaturalscenes.
WHotelHongKong
Ifyouhaveonlyoneniceswimsuit,saveitfortheWHotelHongKong.Onlypeoplelivinginthishotelcanenjoythiswonderfulpool,whichisHongKong'shighestrooftoppool.Thehotel'ssignatureWETdeckisfamousforstylishandoccasionallywildpoolsidepartiesinsummer.WETalsofeaturesagoodcocktailbarandaJacuzzi.
HotelIndigo
OneofHongKong'suniqueexperiencesisswimminginHotelIndigo'sglassbottompool.Thepoolprotrudesfromthehotel,allowingpeoplebelowtoseeswimmersandtheswimmerstodolapswhilecheckingoutthetrafficbelow.Thepoolissmallercomparedtootherlocalgrandhotelsandonlyavailabletothehotelguests.
FourSeasonsHotel
TheFourSeasonsHotelgorgeousinfinitypooloverlooksVictoriaHarbor.Evencooler,thehotelpipesinunderwatermusic,makingtheswimmuchmorewonderful,orannoying,dependingonyourtasteinmusic.Thepoolisopenonlytohotelguests.
1.Atwhichhotelcanatouriststillenjoyswimmingifhe/shelivesinnoneofthehotelsmentionedabove?
A.TheRitz-Carlton. B.WHotelHongKong.
C.HotelIndigo.D.FourSeasonsHotel.
2.WhatdoweknowaboutswimmersinHotelIndigo?
A.Theycanbeseenbypeoplebelow.B.Theycancheckoutthehotel.
C.Theycanguidethetrafficbelow.D.Theycanbeaskedtodolaps.
3.Wheredoesthistextprobablycomefrom?
A.Aresearchpaper.B.Anofficialannouncement.
C.Atouristbrochure.D.Afashionmagazine.
B
Haveyoueverimaginedtravelingtoaforeigncountrywithouthavingtoworryabouttheheadacheofcommunicatinginadifferentlanguage?
InarecentWallStreetJournalarticle,technologypolicyexpertAlecRossarguedthat,withinadecadeorso,we’llbeabletocommunicatewithoneanotherviasmallearpieceswithbuilt-inmicrophones.That’sbecausetechnologicalprogressisextremelyrapid.It’sonlyamatteroftime.Indeed,someparentsfirmlyholdtheideathatthistechnologyisapproachingandthey’rewonderingiftheirkidsshouldevenlearnasecondlanguage.
It’struethatanincreaseinthequantityandaccuracyofthedataloadedintocomputerswillmakethemclevererattranslating“Noesbuenodormirmucho”as“It’snotgoodtosleeptoomuch.”Replacingawordwithitsequivalent(同义词)inthetargetlanguageisactuallythe“easypart”ofatranslator’sjob.Buteventhisseemstobeadiscouragingtaskforcomputers.
It’ssodifficultforcomputersbecausetranslationdoesn’t--orshouldn’t--involvesimplytranslatingwords,sentencesorparagraphs.Rather,it’sabouttranslatingmeaning.Andinordertoinfermeaningfromaspecificexpression,humanshavetointerpretamassofinformationatthesametime.
Thinkaboutalltherelatedcluesthatgointounderstandinganexpression:
volume,gesture,situation,andevenyourculture.Allarelikelytoconveyasmuchmeaningasthewordsyouuse.
Therefore,weshouldbeveryskepticalofamachinethatisunabletointerprettheworldaroundus.Ifpeoplefromdifferentculturescanoffendeachotherwithoutrealizingit,howcanweexpectamachinetodobetter?
Unlessengineersactuallyfindawaytobreatheasoulintoacomputer,undoubtedlywhenitcomestoconveyingandinterpretingmeaningusinganaturallanguage,amachinewillneverfullytakeourplace.
4.Whatviewdoestheauthorholdabouttranslation?
A.Propertranslationcanbetoughforhumans.
B.Slightdifferencesmatterlittleintranslation.
C.Somemachineswillinterpretourworldproperly.
D.Culturesdeservemoreattentionthanwordsused.
5.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?
A.AnExpert’sPrecisePredictionB.TheComplexityofTranslation
C.WhoWillBeaBetterTranslatorD.WillLanguageBarrierActuallyDisappear?
6.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetothemodemtechnology?
A.UnclearB.ObjectiveC.OptimisticD.Negative.
7.Inwhichcolumncanyoureadthearticleinanewspaper?
A.LanguageLearning.B.Commentsonhotissues.
C.ScienceDevelopment.D.Translationtips.
C
TheWorldHealthOrganizationreportcomparedthe“obesity-relatedbehaviors”foryoungstersacross42nations.AnditrevealsUKkidsareamongthelaziest.
Amongteenagegirls,theScotstoppedtheleaguetableformostscreentime,with80percentspendingatleasttwohoursadayoncomputers.Walescamefourthwith76percent,andEnglandseventhwith75percent.GirlsinArmeniaandAlbaniawereleastlikelytospendhoursidlingonline.
Screentimefiguresforboyswereevenhigher.WaleswassecondintheEuropean“couchpotato”league,with85percentgluedtotheirscreensforatleasttwohours.Scotlandwasthirdwith84percent,andEngland15thwith77percent.BoysinSwitzerlandandPortugalwereleastlikelytodedicatetwohoursadaytosittinginfrontofacomputer.
LeadresearcherDr.JoInchley,fromtheUniversityofStAndrews,saidsocialmediawasimpactingonkids'health.Shesaid,“Weknowtherearerisks,suchascyberbullyingandimpactonmentalhealth.Also,therearelonger-termimpactsonphysicalhealthfrombeingsedentary.Oneofthemainchallengesisthatthiskindofactivity(socialmediaandcomputeruse)issomuchpartofyoungpeople'slivesthesedays.”Shesaidmoreneedstobedonetogetkidsmovingthroughouttheday.
Dr.StevenMann,researchdirectorforUKActivesaidthefindingswere“alarming”.Hesaid,“Modernlifehaschanged,butwhenteensarespendinghourshavingfunwithFacebook,Instagramandvideogames,theysimplyaren'tgettingtheexercisethattheyneed.Thesealarminginactivityfiguresshowthatplaytimeisoverbeforeithasstartedfortoomanychildren,puttingthematfargreaterriskoffutureconditionslikeheartdisease,cancerandtype2diabetes.”
TamFry,fromtheNationalObesityForum,warnedBritteensarenow“slavestohand-helddevices”.AndtheWHOwarnsfourinfivefatteenswillcontinuetostrugglewiththeirweightthroughoutlife.ThereportalsoshowslessthanhalfofUKyoungstersconsumefruitorvegdaily.
8.Whatdoweknowaboutthe“obesity-relatedbehaviors”foryoungstersacross42nations?
A.UKkidsdidn'texerciseenough.
B.Girlsspentmoretimeoncomputersthanboys.
C.GirlsinWalesrankedthefirstintermsofscreentime.
D.OnlySwissboysareamongthelaziest.
9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“sedentary”inParagraph4mean?
A.Cyberbullying.B.Computerusing.
C.Exercising.D.Sittingorlittleactivity.
10.WhatisthemainreasonforobesityforUKteens?
A.Lessfruitorvegconsuming.B.Toomuchuseofelectronicdevices.
C.Toomuchplaytime.D.Lackofphysicaleducation.
11.Whyarethesescreentimefiguresalarming?
A.UKkidswillbebeaten.
B.AllUKkidswillsufferfromoverweight.
C.Riskofcertaindiseaseswillincrease.
D.Morehand-helddevicesneedtobeproduced.
D
InJune2014,twoleadingmediainAmericareportedthatthree-year-oldVictoriaWilcher,whosufferedfacialscarring,waskickedoutofaKFCbecauseshewasafrighteningcustomer.Later,KFCannouncedthatnoevidencehadbeenfoundtosupportthestory.Thisphenomenonislargelyaproductoftheincreasingpressureinnewsroomsthatcaremoreabouttrafficfigures.
BrookeBinkowski,aneditor,saysthatshehasseenashifttowardslessresponsibilityinnewsrooms.“Clickbaitisking,sonewsroomswilluncriticallyprintsomethingunreal.Notallnewsroomsarelikethis,butalotofthemare.”
Askedwhatthedrivingfactorwas,ajournalistsaid,“You’veastricteditorandyou’vetomeetyourtargets.Andsomeyoungjournalistsareinexperiencedandwillnotdothosechecks.Somuchnewsreportedonlinehappensonline.Thereisnoneedtogetoutandknockonsomeone’sdoor.Youjustsitatyourdeskanddoit.”
Anotherjournalistsays,“Moreclicksequalmoremoney.Atmyformeremployerinparticular,thepressurewasduetothelimitedresources.Thatmadetheenvironmentquitehorribletoworkin.”
InaFeb.2015reportforDigitalJournalism,CraigSilvermanwrote,“Todaythebarforwhatisworthgivingattentiontoseemstobemuchlower.Withinminutesorhours,abadlysourcedreportcanbechangedintoastorythatisrepeatedbydozensofnewswebsites,resultingintensofthousandsofshares.Therumorbecomestrueforreaderssimplybyvirtueofitsubiquity.”
And,despitethedirectionthatsomenewsroomsseemtobeheadingin,acriticaleyeisbecomingmore,notlessimportant,accordingtotheNewYorkTimes’publiceditor,MargaretSullivan.“Reportersandeditorshavetobemorecarefulthaneverbefore.It’sextremelyimportanttoquestionandtoprovebeforepublication.”Yetthoseworkinginnewsroomstalkofdoubtfulstoriesbeingtolerated.Inthewordsofsomesenioreditors,“aclickisaclick,regardlessoftheadvantageofastory”.And,“ifthestorydoesturnouttobefalse,it’ssimplyachanceforanotherbiteatthecherry.”
12.AccordingtoBrookeBinkowski,newsroomsproducefalsenewsbecause_________.
A.clickscountalotB.resourcesarelimited
C.budgetsaretightD.jour