最新英美概况练习参考答案解析美国部分.docx

最新英美概况练习参考答案解析美国部分.docx

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最新英美概况练习参考答案解析美国部分

《最新英美概况》

练习参考答案

（本答案不包括练习中的开放性习题、思考题和讨论题）

PARTTWOTheUnitedStates

ChapterEightTheLand

P.209—210

IFillintheblankswithproperwordsorexpressions.

1.theStar-SpangledBanner,DefenseofFortMcHenry,1812.

2.theStarsandtheStripes,OldGlory,theStar-SpangledBanner.

3.TheWhiteHouse,TheCapitol,ThePentagon.

thth

4.June,14,June14.

5.thePotomac,nostate,theFederalgovernment.

6.36,36states.

7.AmerigoVespucci,AmericanWarofIndependence.

8.PierreL'Enfant,light,service.

IIChoosetheanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.

1.C2.D3.C4.ABCD5.CD

IIIDecidewhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE:

1.F2.F3.T4.F5.T

IVAnswerthefollowingquestions.

1.

（1）AtfirsttheContinentwasnamedas“America”afterexplorerAmerigo

Vespucci.

（2）DuringtheAmericanWarofIndependence,theformerBritishcoloniesfirstused“thethirteenunitedStatesofAmerica”intheDeclarationof

Independence.

（3）TheofficialnameofAmericawasadoptedonNovember15,1777,whenthe

SecondContinentalCongresspassedtheArticlesofConfederation

2.The50starsrepresentthe50States,whilethe13stripesrepresentthe

originalthirteencolonies.

Whiteindicatespurityandinnocence;redindicatesvalourandbravery,and

bluesymbolizesvigilanee,perseveraneeandjustice;itisalsoasymbolofrespecttoGod.

3.Thestarsandstripshavedifferentmeanings.

EachstarrepresentseachstateinAmerica,whilestripsrepresenttheoriginalthirteen

coloniesbeforetheindependenceofAmerica.

4.

（1）Thelyricsofthenationalanthemcomefrom“DefenseofFortMcHenry”,

apoemwrittenduringtheWarof1812.

ThepoemwassettothetuneofapopularBritishdrinkingsong,“The

Anacreontic

Song"（or“ToAnacreoninHeaven”）

（2）TheStar-SpangledBannerwasusedofficiallybytheNavyin1889,andwasmadethenationalanthembycongressonMarch3,1931,whichwassignedbyPresidentHerbertHoover.

5.TheWhiteHousewasbuiltin1792anditsoriginalcolorwasgrey.

DuringtheWarof1812,itwasbadlydamagedbytheBritishtroops,andin1814itwasrepaintedwhite.

PresidentRooseveltnamedit“WhiteHouse"inthe1940s.

P.213

IFillintheblankswithproperwordsorexpressions.

1.thecentralpartof,MexicoandGulfofMexico,east,west.

2.48,Hawaii,Alaska.

3.theRioGrande,Pacific.

4.9,629,091,thethird,Canada.

5.Alaska,Texas.

6.Arctic,glaciers.

IIDecidewhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE:

1.T2.T3.T4.F5.F

IIIAnswerthefollowingquestions.

1.

（1）TheAtlanticcoast,thePacificcoastandHawaiiprovideconvenientsea

routesforforeigntrade.

（2）Thelongcoastlinewithmanyharborsandinletsprovidesfavorableconditionsforforeigntradeandthefishingindustry.

（3）MainlandAmerica,mainlywithinthenortherntemperatezone,isfavorableforagriculture.

2.TheU.S.andCanadasharethe“world'sIongestundefendedborder.”TheborderwasdemilitarizedaftertheWarof1812andhasremainedpeaceful.Military

collaborationbeganduringWorldWarIIandcontinuedthroughouttheColdWaronbothabilateralbasisandamultilateralrelationshipthroughNATO.BothcountriesareNATOmembersandhavehighmilitaryinterdependency,in

particular,duringtheColdWaragainstSovietthreat.

TodayCanadiansandAmericansareincloseculturalproximity,sharingthesame

Ianguage,similarreligionandpoliticalsystemsaswellasmanyvalues.

Theireconomicrelationsaresoclose（theyhavebeeneachother'sNo.1tradingpartnerforyears）thatthetwocountrieshaveestablishedtheNorthAmerican

FreeTradeAgreement,theworld'slargestfree-tradezone.Bothenjoythemostdevelopedandrichesteconomiesintheworldaswellasacomparablestandard

ofliving（Canada'swelfaresystemisevenmorecomprehensiveandcoversmorewidely）.

Toguardtheover8000-kilometerlonglandborderisnotonlyexpensivebutalsounnecessary（inasense,impossible,becauseitistooIong）,becauseneitherpeopleworrythattheirneighborswouldcrosstheborderonalargescaleorstayintheircountryforalongtime.

3.TheborderbetweentheU.S.andMexicoisheavilyguarded（mostlyontheAmerican

side）againstillegalimmigrantsenteringtheU.S.whilepeoplecanenterMexico

freely.Thecauseismostlyeconomicratherthanpolitical.Thereisahuge

disparityinthestandardoflivingbetweentheU.S.andMexicowhosepercapita

GDPisonlyabout20%thatoftheU.S.（2012WorldBankstatistics）.ItisestimatedsixoutoftheelevenmillionillegalimmigrantslivingintheU.S.

areMexicans,andmillionsmoreplantoentertheU.S.TheytrytobenefitfromtheAmericanbusinessorjobopportunitiesorfromtheAmericanwelfaresystemoreventoengageindrug-traffickingandsmuggling.Anotherpurposeisto

combatcrimeandterrorism,particularlyafterthe9.11terroristattacks.TheU.S.-Mexicanborderareaswitnessthemostseriousdrug-traffickingandgang

violeneeintheworld.SomeMexicans,inparticularthosehauntedbytheseriousdrug-relatedvioleneeinrecentyears,trytoescapefromthevioleneeinMexicobymovingtotheU.S.Inaword,iftheUS-MexicoborderisopenandunguardedastheU.S.-Canadaborder,therewouldbemillionsofMexicanstryingtomigratetoAmericasothattheconsequentproblemswouldbeverydifficultfortheU.S.dealwith.

4.Alaska,facingRussiaacrossBeringStrait,islocatedbetweentheArcticandPacificoceans,soit'simportantforstrategicpositionandtransportation.

5.Hawaii,likeachainofbeads,islocatedinthecentralPacificOcean,thebestplacetoenjoytheoceanicscenery.

Itisfamousfornaturalseenery:

whitebeach,bluesky,andpalmtrees,etc.

ThefamousPacificFleetislocatedatPearlHarbor,OahuIsland.

P.221—222

IFillintheblankswithproperwordsorexpressions.

1.LakeSuperior,Erie,Ontario.

2.ColumbiaPlateau,theGreatCanyon.

3.theRockies,thefatherofwaters.

4.dairyfarming.Harvard,Yale,MIT.

5.DeathValley,GreatSaltLake.

6.38,YellowstoneNationalPark,OldFaithful.

7.4,800,BritishColumbia,thebackboneofthecontinent,Mt.Elbert.

8.HooverDam,TheRioGrande,Ruhr.

9.half,“BarnofAmerica”,GreatLakes.

10.dividingline,LakeErie,NewYork.

IIChoosetheanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.

1.ABC2.D3.AD4.AB5.D

IIIDecidewhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE:

1.F2.T3.F4.T5.T

IVAnswerthefollowingquestions.

1.NewEnglandisaregioninthenortheasterincorneroftheUnitedStates

consistingofthesixstatesofMaine,NewHampshire,Vermont,Massachusetts,

RhodeIsland,andConnecticut,wheretheearliestEnglishsettlementsinNorth

Americawasmade.

Inthelate18thcentury,theNewEnglandColoniesinitiatedtheresistanceto

theBritishParliament'seffortstoimposenewtaxeswithouttheconsentofthecolonists.TheconfrontationledtotheDeclarationofIndependenceinJuly1776,whichresultedintheWarofAmericanIndependencethatbroughtaboutthebirthoftheUnitedStatesofAmerica.

2.TheAppalachiansholdsonesixthofthecontinentalterritory.Themountains

arerelativelylow,andtheaveragealtitudeisonly800metershigh.

Theseoldmountainswithroundedtopsandwoodedhills,andhavemuchbeautifulsceneryandmanytouristresorts.

3.ItisthemostimportantandIongestriverintheUS.Itflowsabout6,400km.

fromtheRockiestotheGulfofMexico,andthefourthIongestriverintheworld.Withhundredsoftributaries,theriverisknownas“thefatherofwaters”.

ThechieftributariesaretheMissouriRiver,theOhioRiver,andtheArkansas,etc.

4.Theyarethelargestlakegroupintheworldandcontainabouthalfoftheworld'sfreshwater.Allthefivelakesareinter-connected,reachingtheAtlanticby

wayoftheSt.LawrenceRiver.TheyaretheimportanteconomiclifelineoftheMidwest.

Theworld-famousNiagaraFallsalsoattractsnumerousvisitors.

5.TheGreatPlainstretchesfromthewestoftheMississippitotheRockies,and

coversadistaneeofabout6,400kilometers.Thelandisflatandopen,andis

originallycoveredwithrichprairiegrass,butnotrees.Todaytheareaisstill

acattlecountry.Muchofthenation'wheatisgrownhere,thereforetheareaisknownasthe“breadbasket”ofAmerica.

TheGrandCanyonislocatedinColoradoPlateau,andiscutbyColoradoRiver.

Itisoneofthegreatnaturalwondersoftheworld,andissetupasnational

park.Itmeasuresabout277mileslong,upto18mileswidebetweenthetopsof

itssteepwalls,andmorethanamiledeep.

P.224--225

IFillintheblankswithproperwordsorexpressions.

1.little,63%.

2.theCentralPlains,theRockies,electricity.

3.Bingham.

4.1/3,Washington,Oregon.

5.GulfofMexico,Okalahoma.

6.gold,gold,GoldRush.

II.Respondtothefollowingitems.

1.Americaisrichinwaterresources.Asawholethecountryhaslittletrouble

withwatershortage.ExceptforthedesertregionsaroundthesouthernRockies,therearelargesuppliesoffreshwaterandnumerousfertilevalleys.

2.About1/3ofAmericaiscoveredwithforests.Thegreatestvirginforestsare

inthestatesofWashingtonandOregon.Americahasabout500millionacresof

commercialforestsandabout75%ofcommercialtimberisproducedintheeasternpartofthecountry.

3.In1848,goldwasdiscoveredinCalifornia.Thenewssoonspreadout,and

thousandsofimmigrantsfromaroundtheworldinvadedtheGoldCountryof

California.Thepeakoftherushwasin1849,thusthemanyimmigrantsbecame

knownasthe