英语一模试题分类汇编阅读理解综合含详细答案.docx

英语一模试题分类汇编阅读理解综合含详细答案.docx

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英语一模试题分类汇编阅读理解综合含详细答案

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

   ThefounderofelectricsupercarmakerRimachassaiditwon'tmakesenseforpeopletoownordrivetheirowncarsinthecomingdecades.

   AccordingtoRimac,mostpeoplewillnolongerownoroperatetheirowncarsinthefuture.Instead,vehicleswillbeshared,self—drivingandelectric.Thesechangesarealreadystarting."TherewillbepeoplewhostillwanttoowntheircarsanddrivetheircarsandIamhappyforthatbecausethatisourbusiness,"Rimacsaid."Longterm,Ithink20yearsdowntheroad,itwillbetotallychangedandpeoplewillnotownordrivetheircarsanymore."Rimac'smostrecentcar,theC—Two,comesofftheproductionlinenextyear.

   Rimaciswellawaretheindustryischangingquicklyduetotheriseofself-drivingvehiclesandelectricbatteries,andsaysinthenext20yearsdrivingasweknowitmayexistmainlyasahobby."Ireallybelievethathumanitygoesforthingsthatmakesense."hetoldNewsweek."Ifyoulookat1.3millionpeopledyingeveryyearontheroads,ifyoulookattheimpactithasoneconomiesbasedontrafficjamsandtimelost,it'ssomuchofanegativeimpacttosocietythatIthinksuchahugebenefitcanbegainedifpeoplestopdriving."

   "Let'slookintothefuture.Youarestandinginfrontofthechoiceofeitherinvestingahugeamountofyourmoneyinbuyingahunkofmetalandplasticfor30,40,50thousanddollars,oryouhavetheconvenientoptionofpayingasyougo,thecarpicksyouupinafewminutes,it'saniceenvironmentandyouspendafewdollarsperdayonyourtransport."

   "Whenyoutakethedriveroutofthecar,transportcanbemuchcheaperandyoucanusethetimetodootherthings,insteadofsittingbehindasteering（转向）wheelandnotdoinganythingelse.SoIthinkthechoiceforthevastmajorityofpeoplewillbetheobviousone."

（1）Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph2?

A.Themajorityofpeoplewillpurchasecars.

B.Hugechangeswilltakeplaceincarindustry.

C.Drivingcarswillenjoymorepopularity.

D.Thecarbusinessisgraduallydisappearing.

（2）Whatisamajorcauseofthefastchangeinthecarindustry?

A.Therapidgrowthofself-drivingcars.

B.Theriseofsharedvehicles.

C.Theincreasingdemandofcustomers.

D.Theadvancedproductionline.

（3）HowdoesRimafeelaboutthefutureofself-drivingcars?

A.Uncertain.

B.Confused.

C.Optimistic.

D.Frightened.

（4）Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.Self-drivingcarsmeetnewchallenges.

B.Self-drivingcarsavoidhumanerrors.

C.Possessingordrivingcarswon'tbeamust.

D.Conventionalcarswillbecompletelyreplaced.

【答案】

（1）B

（2）A

（3）C

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，讲述了由于自动驾驶车辆和电池的兴起，在不远的将来人们不用再买车和驾车，此外自动驾驶车辆将给社会和环境带来巨大好。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据第二段中的“Longterm,Ithink20yearsdowntheroad,itwillbetotallychangedandpeoplewillnotownordrivetheircarsanymore.”可知，20年后交通会有巨大的变化，人们将不会拥有或者驾驶车辆，由此可推测将来汽车产业将会发生巨大变大。

故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“Rimaciswellawaretheindustryischangingquicklyduetotheriseofself-drivingvehiclesandelectricbatteries,“可知汽车产业的巨大变化是由自动驾驶车辆和电池的兴起导致。

故选A。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据第五段中的”SoIthinkthechoiceforthevastmajorityofpeoplewillbetheobviousone.”可知Rimac认为很多人都会选择自动驾驶车辆，故推测Rimac对自动驾驶车辆的未来非常乐观。

选C。

（4）考查主旨大意。

根据第一段中的“ThefounderofelectricsupercarmakerRimachassaiditwon'tmakesenseforpeopletoownordrivetheirowncarsinthecomingdecades.“和下文所讲述的内容可知，本文主要围绕将来人们不用再拥有和驾驶车辆展开。

故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

   DarrellBlatchley,amarinebiologistandenvironmentalistbasedinthePhilippinecityofDavao,receivedacallfromthePhilippines,BureauofFisheriesandAquaticResources（渔业与水产资源局）earlyFridaymorningreportingadeathofayoungwhale.

   Whenthenecropsy（尸检）wasperformed,BlatchleytoldNPR,hewasnotpreparedfortheamountofplastictheyfoundinthewhale'sstomach."Itwasfullofplasticnothingbutnonstopplastic."hesaid"Itwasfilledtothepointthatitsstomachwasashardasabaseball."Thatmeansthatthisanimalhasbeensufferingnotfordaysorweeksbutformonthsorevenayearormore,"Blatchleyadded.

   BlatchleyisthefounderandowneroftheD'BoneCollectorMuseum,anaturalhistorymuseuminDavao.Inthecomingdays,themuseumwilldisplayalltheitemsfoundinthewhale'ssystem.BlatchleyandhisteamworkwiththeBureauofFisheriesandAquaticResourcesandotherorganizationstoassistinrescueandrecoveryofmarineanimals.

   "Withinthelast10years,wehaverecovered61whalesanddolphinsjustwithintheDavaoGulf,"hesaid."Ofthem,57havediedduetomanwhethertheytookplasticorfishingnetsorotherwaste,orgottencaughtinpollution—andfourwerepregnant."

   BlatchleysaidhehopedthatthelatestincidentwouldlaunchtheissueofplasticpollutioninthePhilippinesandacrosstheglobe."Ifwekeepgoingthisway,itwillbemoreuncommontoseeananimaldieofnaturalcausesthanitistoseeananimaldieofplastic,"hesaid.

（1）Whatcanheinferredfromthesecondparagraph?

A. Thewhalewasstarvedtodeath.

B. Blatchleywasshockedatwhathefound.

C. Thedeadwhalemusthaveswallowedabaseball.

D. Blatchleydidn'tmakepreparationsforthenecropsy.

（2）WhatwillbeshownintheD'BoneCollectorMuseum?

A. Wastecollectedfromtheocean.                     B. Thewholesystemofthewhale.

C. Thingsfoundinthewhale'sbody.                  

D. Manydifferenttoolsofwhaling.

（3）WhatdoesBlatchleythinkofplasticpollutioninthePhilippines?

A. Uncommon.                          

B. Worrying.                          

C. Inspiring.                          

D. Mild.

（4）Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A. AWhaleFoundDeadofPlastic                      

B. StandUpforProtectingWhales

C. PlasticThreateningOurExistence                  

D. NaturalDeathorMercilessMurder

【答案】

（1）B

（2）C

（3）B

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，一只鲸鱼因吞食大量的塑料而死亡，这引发了人们对海洋塑料污染的担忧。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据第二段中的“hewasnotpreparedfortheamountofplastictheyfoundinthewhale'sstomach”可知，布拉奇利在鲸鱼的胃里发现了大量的塑料，他对此毫无准备，这是他意想不到的，由此可知，布拉奇利对他的发现感到震惊，故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“Inthecomingdays,themuseumwilldisplayalltheitemsfoundinthewhale'ssystem.”可知，在鲸鱼体内发现的东西将在这座自然博物馆中展出，故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的“Ifwekeepgoingthisway,itwillbemoreuncommontoseeananimaldieofnaturalcausesthanitistoseeananimaldieofplastic,”可知，布拉奇利说如果我们继续这样下去，动物因吃塑料死亡的情况比自然死亡更为常见，由此可知，他对菲律宾的塑料污染很担忧，故选B。

（4）考查主旨大意。

纵观全文可知，本文主要讲述了一只鲸鱼因吞食大量的塑料而死亡，这引发了人们对塑料污染的担忧，故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

   Waterisanecessityoflife.Rain,especially,helpsplantsgrowandstaygreen.Buttoomuchrain,especiallyincities,canleadtoflooding.Thatcancausewastewatersystemstooverflowandsendpollutantsintoriversandotherwaterways.Tofighttheproblem,severalcitiesintheUnitedStatesarestartingprogramslikerooftopgardens.

   AteamattheUniversityoftheDistrictofColumbiainthenation'scapitalhascreatedagardenonthetopofoneschoolbuilding.Thegardenholdsmanykindsofplantstohelpabsorbrainwaterandgrowfoodatthesametime.ArchitectDavidBellhasdesignedfive"greenroofs"fortheuniversity.Hesaysheisexcitedabouttheprojectbecause"itmeantdoingsomethingmorethanjustdealingwithstormwatermanagement.Ittookadvantageofaresourceabovethecityandtheseflatroofsthataren'tdoinganythingreallybecamesomethingthatwasabouturbanagriculture."Rainwateriscollectedinlargecontainersandsentthroughasystemthatwaterstherooftopgarden.Theroofisfilledwithgreenlifethatappealstoinsects.

   Incities,"youdon'thavethatmanyspacestochoosefromandsorooftopsarejust（unused）space,"saysCaitlinArlotta.Sheisastudentintheschool'sUrbanAgricultureprogram.Theprojectispartofaresearchprogramtoseewhichplantsdowellonrooftops.Theresearchersarelookingatplantsincludingstrawberries,tomatoesandsweetpotatoes.Theuniversityalsohasothergreenspaces."Wealsohaveourownfarmexperiments,"Arlottasaid."Withineachofthosegrowingsystems,wewanttobeabletotellpeoplewhichsortsofthesecropsgrowthebest."

   SandyFarberBandierhelpsrunUDC'sMasterGardenerprogram.ItseekstoimprovecitiesandmakethembeautifulbytrainingpeopletobecomeMasterGardeners.Shesaysshe'sbeensurprisedbythegarden'soutput."Mybiggestsurprisewasthatweproduced4,250poundsofproducethefirstyearandwasabletospreadthattopeopleinneed."ShealsolikesbeingabletoshowpeoplewholiveinD.C.andothersbeyondthenation'scapitalwhatandhowfoodcanbegrownonarooftop."Thisisthefutureforfood.Yougrowithere,youprepareitinacommercialkitchen,youdistributethroughfarmersmarkets,foodtrucks,andthenyourecycle."

（1）Whatdoweknowabouttherooftopgardens?

A. Rooftopgardensareverycommoninaverageneighborhoods.

B. Therearemanysortsofplantstherewhichhelptakeinrainwater.

C. They'replayinganimportantroleinthecity'sfoodsupply.

D. Rooftopgardensarenomorethancontainerstocollectrainwater.

（2）WhatcanweinferfromParagraph3?

A. Rooftopscanofferenoughspacetoplantcrops.

B. Manyplantslikestrawberriescangrowwellonrooftops.

C. SomeuniversitystudentsareparticipatingintheUrbanAgricultureprogram.

D. Theplantsinrooftopgardensareattractivetomanyinsects.

（3）HowdoesSandyFarberBandierfeelaboutthefutureofrooftopgardens?

A. Confident.                       

B. Doubtful.                       

C. Worried.