英语阅读之科普环保类练习.docx

英语阅读之科普环保类练习.docx

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英语阅读之科普环保类练习

英语阅读之科普环保类练习

（一）

newplanet-huntingtechniquehasdetectedthemostearth-likeplanetyetaroundastarotherthanoursun,raisinghopesoffindingaspacerockthatmightsupportlife,astronomers（天文学家）reportedrecently.

   “Thisisanimportantdiscoverytoanswerthequestion‘Arewealone?

’”saidMichaelTurneroftheNationalScienceFoundation.

   “Theteamhasdiscoveredthemostearth-likeplanetyet,andmoreimportantly,hasprovedthepowerofanewtechniquethatissensitive（灵敏的）todetectingplanetsthatarefitforpeopletoliveon,”Turnersaidinastatement.

   Inthelastdecade,astronomershavedetectedmorethan160planetsmovingaroundstarsoutsideoursolarsystem.MostofthesehavebeengasgiantplanetslikeJupiter,whichareunfitforlife.

   Butaninternationalteamhasdetectedacoldplanetabout5.5timesmoremassivethantheearth—stillsmallenoughtobeconsideredearth-like—movingaroundastarabout20,000lightyearsaway,closetothecenteroftheMilkyWay.

   Tofindthisnewplanet,theteamusedatechniquecalledgravitationalmicrolensing（引力微观透镜法）.Whenaplanetiscirclingthecloseststar,theplanet’sgravitycanadditsownsignaturetothelight.ThiskindoflightsignaturewasobservedonJuly11byagroupoftelescopesinaprojectknownasOGLE,shortforOpticalGravitationalLensingExperiment.

   “Themainadvantageofmicrolensingisthesignalsforlow-massplanets:

They’renotweaksignals.They’rejustrare,”BennettoftheUniversityofNotreDameinIndianasaidbytelephone.“Iftherehappenstobeastraightlinebetweenaforegroundstarwithitsplanetandthebackgroundsourcestar,thenyou’reabletodetectthatplanet.”

1.Theunderlinedword“detected”inParagraph1probablymeans“_________”.

A.discovered        B.destroyed         C.created          D.searched

2.Theauthor’spurposeinwritingthispassageisto____.

A.provethatscientistshavealotofdifficultiesindoingscientificresearch

B.explainwhythisplanetmovesaroundastarlikeoursun

C.teachthereaderssomebasicknowledgeabouttheuniverse

D.tellpeopleaboutanewtechniquethatfindsthemostearth-likeplanetmovingroundanotherstar

3.Fromthenewsreportwecaninferthat_________.

A.theplanetisliketheearthbecauseitisclosetothecenteroftheMilkyWay

B.itisquitepossiblethatlifemayexistonotherplanetsintheuniverse

C.peoplehavenointerestinfindingaplanetthatmightsupportlife

D.thequestion“Arewealone”istoodifficultforscientiststoanswer

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.Thesignalscomingfromlow-massplanetsaretooweaktobenoticed.

B.Mostofthediscoveredplanetsarenotfitforpeopletoliveon.

C.Ifastarwithitsplanethappenstobeinlinewiththesourcestar,theplanetcanbefound.

D.Thepowerofthenewtechniqueisprovedbythediscoveryoftheearth-likeplanet. 

（二）

 Wildweather,unexpectedcoralreefsanddangerousseacreatures…thesearethenightmares（噩梦）youcanimagineateenageronasolovoyage（独自旅行）aroundtheworldmightsufferfrom.ButforLauraDekker,sailingaroundtheglobeseemslessapricetobepaidthanaprizetobetreasured.

Asthe19-year-oldDutchsailorsaidinMaidentrip,adocumentary（纪录影片） releasedlastyearaboutherexperienceofbecomingtheyoungestpersontosailaroundtheworldalonein2012,“Iwasbornonaboat.Ilivedmyfirstfiveyearsatsea.Andeversince,allIhavewantedistoreturntothatlife.”

Withheryacht（游艇）Guppy,Dekkerbeganherjourneyat14andsailed50,004kilometersin519days.

Theflyingfishkeepinghercompany,thedolphinsfollowinginherwakeandthewarmdaysspentondeckplayingtheflute（长笛）asshewatchedanotherunforgettablesunsetwereenoughtomakeothersjealous.

Butthesedidn’talwaysgowell.TherewereterriblemomentsinwhichDekkerfeareddeath.Ononeoccasion,awhalealmostturnedGuppyover.Anothertime,shebattledextremewindsandGuppysurfeddown8-meter-highwaves.

Outontheopenseaalone,shealsogotusedtolivingwithoutafridge,aflushing（用水冲洗）toilet,andahotshower.

“Asahumanbeingyoudon’tneedmuch,”shetoldStuff.co.nz.“Theymightmakelifemorecomfortable,butyoureallydon’tneedthemtobehappy.”

Infact,heroutlookonlifewasshapedbythetrip.“Iwantedthestorms.Iwantedthecalms.Iwantedtofeelloneliness,”shetoldTheNewYorkTimes.“AndnowIknowallthesethings.It’stheendofthedreamIhadasachild,andit’sthebeginningofmylifeasasailor.”

1.Accordingtothetext,inwhichyeardidDekkerbeginherjourneyof50,004kilometersatsea?

A.In2012       B.In2010       C.In2009       D.In2011

2.ThemethodtheauthorusestodevelopParagraph5is________.

A.offeringanalyses         B.providingexplanations  

C.givingexamples          D.makingcomparisons

3.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribethegirlLauraDekker?

_________.

  A.Modestandoptimistic           B.Patientandhospitable

  C.Braveandgenerous           D.Braveanddetermined

4.HowdidLauraDekkerthinkofherlifeonthesea?

  A.Itwassodangerousandalmostruinedher.

  B.Itbroughthergreathappinessandmuchcomfort.

  C.Itisthesailingontheseathatmadeherwellknown.

  D.Fullofdangerandchallenge,itmadeherexperiencehappinessandbetterunderstandlifeaswell

（三）

MillionsofpeoplepassthroughthegatesofDisney’sentertainmentparksinCalifornia,FloridaandJapaneachyear.Whatmakestheseplaceanalmostuniversalattraction?

WhatmakesforeignkingsandqueensandotherimportantpeoplewanttovisittheseDisneyparks?

Well,onereasonisthewaythey’retreatedoncetheygetthere.ThepeopleatDisneygooutoftheirwaytoservetheir“guests”,astheyprefertocallthem,andtoseethattheyenjoythemselves.

Allnewemployees,fromvicepresidentstopart-timeworkers,begintheiremploymentbyattendingDisneyUniversityandtaking“Traditions（传统）I”.Here,theylearnaboutthecompany’shistory,howitismanaged,andwhyitissuccessful.Theyareshownhoweachdepartmentrelatestothewhole.Allemployeesareshownhowtheirpartisimportantinmakingtheparkasuccess.

Afterpassing“TraditionsI”,theemployeesgoontodomorespecializedtrainingfortheirspecific（具体的）jobs.Nodetail（细节）ismissed.Asimplejobliketakingticketsrequiresfoureight-hourdaysoftraining.Whenonetickettakerwasaskedwhyittooksomuchtrainingforsuchasimple,ordinaryjob,hereplied,“Whathappensifsomeonewantstoknowwheretherestroomsare,whentheparadestartsorwhatbustotakebacktothecampgrounds?

…Weneedtoknowtheanswersorwheretogetthemquickly.Ourconstantaimistohelpourguestsenjoytheparty.”

EvenDisney’smanagersgetinvolvedinthedailymanagementofthepark.Everyyear,themangersleavetheirdesksandbusinesssuitsandputonspecialserviceclothes.Forafullweek,thebossessellhotdogsoricecream,taketicketsordrivethemonorail（单轨车）,andtakeupanyofthe100jobsthatmaketheentertainmentparkcomealive.Themanagersagreethatthisweekhelpthemtoseethecompany’sgoalsmoreclearly.

AlltheseeffortstoservethepublicwellhavemadeWaltDisneyProductionsfamous.DisneyisconsideredbymanyasthebestmassserviceproviderinAmericaortheworld.Asonelongtimebusinessobserveroncesaid,“HowDisneytreatspeople,communicateswiththem,rewardsthem,isinmyviewtheveryreasonforhisfiftyyearsofsuccess…Ihavewatched,verycarefullyandwithgreatrespectandadmiration,thetheoryandwithgreatrespectandadmiration,thetheoryandpracticeofsellingsatisfactionandservingmillionsofpeopleonadailybasis,successfully.ItiswhatDisneydoesbest.”

1.ThefirstdaytheycometoDisneyparks,allnewemployees     .

 A.beginbyreceivingon-the-jobtraining B.mustlearnseveraljobs

 C.beginastickettakersD.havealreadyattendedDisneyUniversity

2.Eachyear,managerswearspecialserviceclothesandworkintheparkto     .

 A.setagoodexampleforemployees B.remindthemselvesoftheirbeginningsatDisney

 C.gainabetterviewofthecompany’sobjectivesD.replaceemployeesonholiday

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

 A.TouristslearnthehistoryofDisneyinitsentertainmentparks.

 B.Disneyattractspeoplealmostfromallovertheworld.

 C.ParadesareregularlyheldinDisney’sentertainmentparks.

 D.Disney’smanagersareabletodoalmostallkindsofworkintheDisneyparks.

4.Thispassageismainlyabout     .

 A.howDisneyemployeesaretrained

B.thehistoryandtraditionsoftheDisneyenterprises

 C.whyDisneyenterprisesmakealotofmoney

D.theimportanceDisneyplaceonservingpeoplewell

（四）

Memory,theysay,isamatterofpracticeandexercise.Ifyouhavethewishandreallymadeaconscious（自觉的）effort,thenyoucanquiteeasilyimproveyourabilitytorememberthings.Butevenifyouaresuccessful,therearetimeswhenyourmemoryseemstoplaytricksonyou.

Sometimesyourememberthingsthatreallydidnothappen.Onemorninglastweek,forexample,IgotupandfoundthatIhadleftthefrontdoorunlockedallnight,yetIclearlyrememberlockingitcarefullythenightbefore.

Memory“trick”worktheotherwayaswell.Onceinawhileyouremembernotdoingsomething,andthenfindoutthatyoudid.Onedaylastmonth,forexample,Iwassittinginabarber（理发师）shopwaitingformyturntogetahaircut,andsuddenlyIrealizedthatIhadgotahaircuttwodaysbeforeatthebarbershopacrossthestreetfrommyo