M5U2reading语言点学生版.docx

M5U2reading语言点学生版.docx

《M5U2reading语言点学生版.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《M5U2reading语言点学生版.docx（23页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

M5U2reading语言点学生版

1.Withme_____（is/are）Mr.LinShuiqing,fromtheSocietyforEnvironmentalPreservation,andMr.QianLiwei,aneconomist.

跟我一起的有绿色环保协会的林水清先生,以及经济发展顾问钱利伟.

此处为完全倒装,句子的主干结构应为:

Mr.LinShuiqingandMr.QianLiweiarewithme.

语言知识分析：

1）由于句子主语很长，而谓语部分相对较短，为了避免句子头重脚轻采用了倒装结构。

Herearesomebooksdonatedbythestudentsofourschooltothosewhoarelivinginthemountains.

2）在倒装结构中，介词短语放在句首，用完全倒装，构成以下结构：

介词短语+be+主语，其中be动词还可以用stand,lie等动词替换。

如：

Inthedarkforestsliesabeautifullake.

1）Ontopofthebooks__thephotoalbumyou’relookingfor.（05,上海）

A.isB.areC.hasD.have

2）---Iseveryonehere?

---Notyet……Look,there_______therestofourguests!

（10江苏）

A.comeB.comesC.iscomingD.arecoming

2.openthefloorfordiscussionthefloor：

意为“发言权”。

又如：

Aftertheyeachhadsaidafewwords,ProfessorWhitetookthefloor.他们各自说了几句话后，怀特教授开始发言。

openthefloor自由发言have/getthefloor取得发言权

takethefloor开始发言begiventhefloor被准予发言

3.Iamtalkingtoyoutodayaboutthewaylargeareasoftheworldaredamagedbyindustrialwaste.我今天跟大家谈谈世界上大片区域是怎样受工业污染而破坏的。

theway是先行词，后接一个定语从句，way后面的关系词that/inwhich可以省略。

1）Idon’tlikethewayyouspeaktoher.

AthatBwhichCinthatDwhere

2）Whatsurprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbut____hesaidit.

A.thewayB.inthewaythatC.inthewayD.thewaywhich

Way还可以用todo/ofdoing作定语来修饰

eg.ThebestwaytolearnEnglishwellistokeeppracticing.

=Thebestway________________Englishwellistokeeppracticing.

4.Theseboatscatchlargenumberoffishwithoutgivingthemtimetolayeggs.

这些捕捞船捕捞大量的鱼类，根本不让它们有产卵的时间。

lie-lied-lied-lyingvi.撒谎

lie-lay-lain-lyingvi.躺，卧；位于

lay-laid-laid-layingvt.放置；产卵

Thelittleboyliedthathehadlaidtheegglaidbythehenlyingunderthetreeinthebox.

lie/lay

1）.IalwaysfeelrelaxedwhenI_________inbed,listeningtomusic.

2）.Wouldyouplease_______thebooksonthetable?

3）.Youshouldalwaysbehonestandnevertell_____________toyourfriends.

4）.Cuckoos（布谷鸟）_________eggsinotherbirds’nests.（lie,lay,lies,lay）

5）.______downyourweaponsandwalkslowlytowardsthedoorA.lieB.layC.lyingD.laying

5.Largenumbersoffish（L15）asmallernumberoffish（16）

总结：

Largenumbersof/anumberof+pl.许多。

谓语动词用复数

thenumberof+pl.…的数量。

谓语动词用单数

Thenumberoftheinvitedguests____50,butanumberofthem___absentfordifferentreasons.

A.is,areB.are,isC.is,isD.are,are.

largeamountsofharmfulchemicals（P15）theamountofthingswemakeandbuy（P21）

theamountofrubbish（P22）theamountofthingswerecycle（P23）

归纳：

alargeamountof或largeamountsof一般接不可数名词大量的……

theamountof+不可数名词/可数名词（做主语时谓语用单数）……的总量,数量

●Alarge/greatnumberof=large/greatnumbersof=agreat/goodmany/+pl.

●Agreatdealof/alargeamountof=largeamountsof+[u]

●Alotof/lotsof/alargequantityof/largequantitiesof/plentyof/amassof,

massesof+[u]/pl.

●Manya/morethanone+单数名词，谓语动词用单数。

注意：

 alarge quantity of/large quantities of+可数名词/不可数名词，作主语谓语动词单复数随quantity或quantities本身而变。

A large quantity of dictionaries has been sold out.许多字典已经卖出。

Large quantities of money have been spent on the library. 大量的钱用在了图书馆。

1）.Theyoungdancerslookedsocharmingintheirbeautifulclothesthatwetook_____picturesofthem.A.manyofB.massesofC.thenumberofD.alargeamountof

2）.Asaresultofdestroyingtheforests,alarge______ofdesert_______hascoveredtheland.

A.number;hasB.quantity;hasC.number;haveD.quantity;have

6.Thiswillresultinasmallernumberoffishleft

　　resultin导致,结果是　　Stressandtirednessoftenresultinalackofconcentration.

fishleft=remainingfish

resultfrom_________asaresult________asaresultof_________

7.population人口

Population做主语指整体，谓语用单数，但是指里面的个体成员用复数。

ThepopulationofChina____（is/are）muchlargerthanthatofJapan.

About30percentofthepopulationinthevillage____（have/has）beenstruckbytheillness.

这个村子大约有30%的人口受到这种疾病的侵袭.

注意：

对population进行提问时，常用what或howlarge，不能用howmany/much,如：

________isthepopulationofJapan?

8.Theworld’spopulationhasgrownbysixtimeswhatitwasin1800.

growby“净增了”，类似的表达increaseby,riseby等。

如：

Salesofnewcarsinthatcountrygrewby20percentthisyear.

growto“增加到”。

类似的还有increaseto,riseto,climbto如：

Thenumberofstudentsatthecollegehasgrowntoover5,000.

Thepricehasincreasedtoanunbelievablenumber._______________________

英语中倍数的表达法有：

　①倍数+as+many+可数名词复数+as

　②倍数+as+much+不可数名词+as

　③倍数+形容词（或副词）的比较级+than+其他

　④倍数+thesize/height/length/width.etc.+of+其他

　⑤倍数+what从句

　这座新楼是那座旧楼的四倍高。

①Thenewbuildingis_______________　__________theoldone.

②Thenewbuildingis__________________　_____theoldone.

③Thenewbuildingis_______________　__________theoldone.

④Thenewbuildingis___________________theoldoneis.

1．Ataroughestimate,Nigeriais___GreatBritain.

　A.threetimesthesizeas　B.thesizethreetimesof

　C.threetimesasthesizeof　D.threetimesthesizeof

2.ItisreportedthattheUnitedStatesuses_____energyasthewholeofEurope.

　A.astwiceB.twicemuch　C.twicemuchasD.twiceasmuch

3.（03北京）Hedidit______ittookme.

A.one-thirdatimeB.one-thirdtimeC.theone-thirdtimeD.one-thirdthetime

4.（03上海）Thehouserentisexpensive.I’vegotabouthalfthespaceIhadathomeandI’mplaying________here.

A.asthreetimesmuchB.asmuchthreetimesC.muchasthreetimesD.threetimesasmuch

9.cutbackon：

reduce

Tosavemoney,weshouldcutbackonourspending._____________________________

Manycompaniesarecuttingbackonstaffatthemoment.__________________________

cutin插进来说,插嘴,干预cutoff切断,停掉cutdown削减,砍倒cutup切碎

1.　Hewasinhospitalforsixmonths.Hefeltasifhewas______fromtheoutsideworld.

　A.cutoutB.cutoff　C.cutupD.cutthrough

2.　IwasjusttalkingtoMargaretwhenJackson____________.

　A.cutinB.cutdown　C.cutoutD.cutup

10.Itisclearthatyouareveryconcernedaboutthepresentsituationofourenvironment.

（1）Itisclear/obviousthat…很显然…，it作形式主语，that引导主语从句。

　Itisquiteclearthatheislying.________________________

（2）beconcernedabout________________

　　Readandstudyseriouslyandbeconcernedaboutworldaffairs.

（3）beconcernedwith…_________________________

　　Herlatestdocumentaryisconcernedwithyouthunemployment.

（4）Concerningprep._________如：

ThebookdealswithquestionsconcerningChinesehistory.

11.beseenas被视为……主动形式：

See…as/tobe…“将……视为”。

Youcan’tseehimasafriendbutabusinessassociate.

Afterhisfirstnovelwaspublished,hewasseenasoneofthemostoutstandingnewauthorsofhisgeneration.在他的第一部小说出版后不久,他就被视为他这一代最杰出的新秀作家之一。

类似意思的短语还有：

_________________________________________________

12.Theythinkofgreedybusinessmenhidingfromtheirresponsibilitiestotheenvironmentandonlythinkingaboutmoney.

hidefrom/escape/avoid/one’sresponsibilityto回避对…的责任

take/shoulderresponsibilityfor对…承担责任beresponsiblefor…对…负责任

你必须对你所做的事承担责任.Youmusttake___________________whatyouhavedone.

Mike对整个工程负责任。

Mike___________________thewholeproject

13.WhatI’mheretosayisthathavingworkedsidebysidewithmanyenvironmentalconsultants,Iknowthatahealthyenvironmentanddevelopmentshouldbepossibleatthesametime.

（1）whatI’mheretosay是主语从句。

（2）……isthat……，that引导表语从句。

我知道的是他从院子偷了一辆自行车。

_______Iknowis______hehasstolenabikefromtheyard.

havingdone在句中做状语，表示状语部分的动作发生在主句动作之前。

否定是nothavingdone

1._________________（complete）theprogram,theyhavetostayherefortwomoreweeks.

2.____inthequeueforhalfanhour,Thomassuddenlyrealizedthathehadlefthiswalletathome.A.TowaitB.HavewaitedC.HavingwaitedD.Tohavewaited

14.Thepeopleoperatingthesefactoriesareveryconcernedabouttheenvironment.Weneedtostopthinkingofcompaniesastheenemy.

1）.Italkedwiththegirlstandingunderthetreejustnow.现在分词做定语表主动

=Italkedwiththegirl______________________underthetree.

2）.Thesoldierssavedthepeopletrappedintheflood.过去分词表被动表完成

=Thesoldierssavedthepeople________________________intheflood.

（08福建卷）33.Canthose____atthebackoftheclassroomhearme?

A.seatB.sitCseatedD.sat

（08湖南卷）26.Thetrees____inthestormhavebeenmovedofftheroad.

A.beingblowndown.B.blowndownC.blowingdownD.toblowndown

15.MsLinsuggestedweshouldcutbackonthequantityofthingsweproduceinorderto

savetheenvironment.

在主、宾、表、同位语从句中含有suggestion,advice,requirement,order，request,demand等表“建议，要求，命令”等意义的名词或相应的动词时，其后从句中用虚拟语气，谓语常由“should+动词原形”构成，should可省略。

Theadvicethattheteachergavewasthatthestudents（should）gotobedearlyduringexamtime.

老师提出的忠告是同学们在考试期间应该早点上床睡觉。

我们必须呆在这里,这是命令。

Theordersarethatwe（should）stayhere.suggest还可作“暗示”、“表明”“使人想起”等解，这时主语往往是物，后面接宾语从句时，其谓语动词要用陈述语气。

1.Isuggestthatadoctor_______　immediately.

　A.besentforB.wassentfor　C.mustsendforD.shouldsendfor

2.Hisredfacesuggestedthathe_______alie.

　A.toldB.tellC.tellsD.telling

3.Mysuggestionisthathe__afewpeople　tohelpthem.A.sendsB.sendingC.sendD.besent

16.ButIdoagreethatweshouldproducemorethingsfrommaterialsthathavebeenrecycled…

但有一点我非常赞同；循环利用或许是对两者都有利的关键。

1）do:

对动词进行强调，第三人称用does,过去时为did.

1）.Doshutup,Georgia,andgetonwithyourhomework.

2）.Dowriteandletmeknowhowyou'regettingon.

3）."CanIbuystampshere?

""Well,wedosellthem,butwehaven'tgotanyatthemoment."

4）.Carsdocauseussomehealthproblems---infactfarmoreseriousonesthanmobilephonesdo.

5）.Hedidmakeabigmistake.