M5U2reading语言点学生版.docx

1、M5U2reading语言点学生版1. With me _(is/are) Mr. Lin Shuiqing, from the Society for Environmental Preservation, and Mr. Qian Liwei,an economist.跟我一起的有绿色环保协会的林水清先生,以及经济发展顾问钱利伟.此处为完全倒装,句子的主干结构应为:Mr. Lin Shuiqing and Mr. Qian Liwei are with me.语言知识分析：1)由于句子主语很长，而谓语部分相对较短，为了避免句子头重脚轻采用了倒装结构。Here are some books

2、donated by the students of our school to those who are living in the mountains. 2) 在倒装结构中，介词短语放在句首，用完全倒装，构成以下结构：介词短语+be+主语，其中be动词还可以用stand, lie等动词替换。如：In the dark forests lies a beautiful lake. 1)On top of the books _ the photo album youre looking for. (05, 上海) A. is B. are C. has D. have 2)-Is ever

3、yone here? -Not yetLook , there_ the rest of our guests! (10江苏)A. come B. comes C. is coming D. are coming 2. open the floor for discussion the floor：意为“发言权”。又如：After they each had said a few words, Professor White took the floor. 他们各自说了几句话后，怀特教授开始发言。open the floor 自由发言 have/get the floor 取得发言权take

4、the floor 开始发言 be given the floor 被准予发言3.I am talking to you today about the way large areas of the world are damaged by industrial waste.我今天跟大家谈谈世界上大片区域是怎样受工业污染而破坏的。the way 是先行词，后接一个定语从句，way后面的关系词that/in which可以省略。1）I dont like the way you speak to her.A that B which C in that D where2）What surpris

5、ed me was not what he said but _ he said it . A. the way B. in the way that C. in the way D. the way which Way还可以用 to do/ of doing作定语来修饰eg. The best way to learn English well is to keep practicing . = The best way_ _ English well is to keep practicing . 4.These boats catch large number of fish witho

6、ut giving them time to lay eggs.这些捕捞船捕捞大量的鱼类，根本不让它们有产卵的时间。lie-lied-lied-lying vi. 撒谎lie-lay-lain-lying vi. 躺，卧；位于lay-laid-laid-laying vt. 放置；产卵The little boy lied that he had laid the egg laid by the hen lying under the tree in the box. lie / lay1).I always feel relaxed when I _in bed, listening to

7、music.2).Would you please _ the books on the table?3).You should always be honest and never tell_ to your friends.4）.Cuckoos(布谷鸟) _eggs in other birds nests. （lie, lay, lies, lay）5). _ down your weapons and walk slowly towards the door A. lie B. lay C. lying D. laying 5. Large numbers of fish (L15)

8、a smaller number of fish (16)总结：Large numbers of / a number of +pl.许多。谓语动词用复数the number of+pl. 的数量。谓语动词用单数The number of the invited guests_ 50, but a number of them _ absent for different reasons .A. is, are B. are, is C.is, is D.are, are.large amounts of harmful chemicals (P15) the amount of things

9、 we make and buy (P21)the amount of rubbish (P22) the amount of things we recycle (P23)归纳：a large amount of或large amounts of一般接不可数名词 大量的the amount of+不可数名词/可数名词(做主语时谓语用单数) 的总量,数量 A large/great number o f = large/great numbers of =a great/good many / +pl. A great deal of /a large amount of =large amo

10、unts of +u A lot of / lots of / a large quantity of / large quantities of / plenty of / a mass of,masses of+ u/ pl. Many a / more than one+ 单数名词，谓语动词用单数。注意：a largequantityof/largequantitiesof+可数名词/不可数名词，作主语谓语动词单复数随quantity或quantities本身而变。 Alargequantityofdictionarieshasbeen soldout. 许多字典已经卖出。 Largeq

11、uantitiesofmoneyhavebeenspentonthelibrary. 大量的钱用在了图书馆。 1).The young dancers looked so charming in their beautiful clothes that we took _pictures of them. A. many of B. masses of C. the number of D. a large amount of2). As a result of destroying the forests, a large _ of desert _has covered the land.

12、 A. number; has B. quantity; has C. number; have D. quantity; have6. This will result in a smaller number of fish left result in 导致, 结果是Stress and tiredness often result in a lack of concentration.fish left = remaining fish result from_ as a result_ as a result of_7. population人口Population 做主语指整体，谓语

13、用单数，但是指里面的个体成员用复数。The population of China _(is/are) much larger than that of Japan. About 30 percent of the population in the village _(have/has) been struck by the illness. 这个村子大约有30%的人口受到这种疾病的侵袭. 注意：对population进行提问时，常用what 或 how large，不能用how many/much,如：_is the population of Japan?8. The worlds po

14、pulation has grown by six times what it was in 1800.grow by “净增了”，类似的表达 increase by, rise by等。 如： Sales of new cars in that country grew by 20 percent this year. grow to “增加到”。类似的还有increase to, rise to, climb to 如：The number of students at the college has grown to over 5,000. The price has increased

15、 to an unbelievable number._ 英语中倍数的表达法有：倍数 + as + many + 可数名词复数 + as倍数 + as +much + 不可数名词 + as 倍数 + 形容词（或副词）的比较级 + than + 其他 倍数 + the size / height / length / width. etc. + of + 其他 倍数+what从句这座新楼是那座旧楼的四倍高。 The new building is _ _ _ _ the old one. The new building is _ _ _ the old one. The new buildin

16、g is _ _ _ _ the old one. The new building is _ _ _ the old one is.1At a rough estimate, Nigeria is _Great Britain.A.three times the size as B. the size three times ofC. three times as the size of D. three times the size of 2. It is reported that the United States uses _ energy as the whole of Europ

17、e. A. as twice B. twice much C. twice much as D. twice as much3.（03北京） He did it _ it took me. A. one-third a time B. one-third time C. the one-third time D. one-third the time4. (03上海) The house rent is expensive. Ive got about half the space I had at home and Im playing _here. A. as three times mu

18、ch B. as much three times C. much as three times D. three times as much9. cut back on：reduce To save money, we should cut back on our spending._Many companies are cutting back on staff at the moment._ cut in 插进来说,插嘴,干预 cut off 切断,停掉 cut down 削减,砍倒 cut up 切碎1.He was in hospital for six months. He fel

19、t as if he was _ from the outside world.A. cut out B. cut off C. cut up D. cut through2.I was just talking to Margaret when Jackson _.A. cut in B. cut downC. cut out D. cut up10. It is clear that you are very concerned about the present situation of our environment.（1）It is clear/obvious that 很显然，it

20、作形式主语，that引导主语从句。 It is quite clear that he is lying._( 2 )be concerned about _Read and study seriously and be concerned about world affairs. ( 3 )be concerned with _Her latest documentary is concerned with youth unemployment.( 4 )Concerning prep._如：The book deals with questions concerning Chinese h

21、istory.11. be seen as 被视为主动形式：Seeas/ to be “将视为”。 You cant see him as a friend but a business associate.After his first novel was published, he was seen as one of the most outstanding new authors of his generation. 在他的第一部小说出版后不久,他就被视为他这一代最杰出的新秀作家之一。类似意思的短语还有：_12. They think of greedy businessmen hid

22、ing from their responsibilities to the environment and only thinking about money.hide from / escape/avoid / ones responsibility to 回避对的责任 take/ shoulder responsibility for 对承担责任 be responsible for 对负责任 你必须对你所做的事承担责任. You must take _ _ what you have done. Mike对整个工程负责任。 Mike _ _ _ the whole project13.

23、What Im here to say is that having worked side by side with many environmental consultants, I know that a healthy environment and development should be possible at the same time.（1）what Im here to say 是主语从句。（2）is that，that引导表语从句。我知道的是他从院子偷了一辆自行车。_ I know is _he has stolen a bike from the yard . havi

24、ng done在句中做状语，表示状语部分的动作发生在主句动作之前。否定是not having done 1. _(complete) the program, they have to stay here for two more weeks . 2. _ in the queue for half an hour, Thomas suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home . A. To wait B. Have waited C. Having waited D. To have waited14. The people op

25、erating these factories are very concerned about the environment .We need to stop thinking of companies as the enemy. 1). I talked with the girl standing under the tree just now .现在分词做定语表主动=I talked with the girl _ _ _under the tree. 2). The soldiers saved the people trapped in the flood .过去分词表被动表完成

26、=The soldiers saved the people _ _ _ in the flood . （08福建卷）33. Can those _ at the back of the classroom hear me?A. seat B. sit C seated D. sat (08湖南卷) 26. The trees _ in the storm have been moved off the road . A. being blown down . B. blown down C. blowing down D. to blown down 15. Ms Lin suggested

27、 we should cut back on the quantity of things we produce in order tosave the environment. 在主、宾、表、同位语从句中含有 suggestion, advice, requirement, order，request, demand等表“建议，要求，命令” 等意义的名词或相应的动词时，其后从句中用虚拟语气，谓语常由“should+动词原形”构成，should可省略。The advice that the teacher gave was that the students (should) go to be

28、d early during exam time. 老师提出的忠告是同学们在考试期间应该早点上床睡觉。我们必须呆在这里,这是命令。The orders are that we (should) stay here. suggest还可作“暗示”、“表明”“使人想起”等解，这时主语往往是物，后面接宾语从句时，其谓语动词要用陈述语气。 1. I suggest that a doctor _immediately. A. be sent for B. was sent for C. must send for D. should send for2. His red face suggested

29、that he _ a lie. A. told B. tell C. tells D. telling3. My suggestion is that he_ a few people to help them.A. sends B. sending C. send D. be sent16.But I do agree that we should produce more things from materials that have been recycled但有一点我非常赞同；循环利用或许是对两者都有利的关键。1) do :对动词进行强调，第三人称用does, 过去时为did.1）.

30、Do shut up, Georgia, and get on with your homework.2）.Do write and let me know how youre getting on.3）.Can I buy stamps here? Well, we do sell them, but we havent got any at the moment.4）.Cars do cause us some health problems -in fact far more serious ones than mobile phones do. 5）. He did make a big mistake .