英语本科毕业论文像鲁滨逊一样在逆境中创造精彩.docx
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英语本科毕业论文像鲁滨逊一样在逆境中创造精彩
本科毕业论文
像鲁滨逊一样在逆境中创造精彩
学生姓名:
学生学号:
200310206043
院(系):
外国语学院
年级专业:
2003级英语本科3班
指导教师:
二〇〇七年五月
TheCreationofSplendorinAdversitylikeRobinsonCrusoe
ZhouYumei
UndertheSupervisionof
FanXiying
SchoolofForeignLanguagesandCultures
PanzhihuaUniversity
May2007
Contents
Abstract……..……………………………………...…………..………I
KeyWords…………………………………………………………………………..I
摘要……………………………….…………...………………………..…I
关键词……………………………………………………………………………………………I
Introduction…………………………………………………………………….……...1
I.Robinson’sAttitudesTowardstheAdversityReflectedfromHisTwenty-eightYears’LifeontheIsland……………………………..…….……….…..…………...2
A.LearningtoLoseinAdversity.……….………..............…...……….…………...2
B.MakingPlansfortheFutureontheIsland..……………………….……………4
C.LearningtoBringForthNewIdeasWhenHeIsShortoftheNecessity.….……5
D.BeingPerseverant…………………………………………..……………….......6
II.PresentSituationofDealingwithAdversity……..……………..………...…….….7
A.TheCausesofDealingwithAdversityImproperly.………….………...…..…....7
B.SomeWrongIdeasofDealingwithAdversity………………………………….8
III.TheWaysofDealingwithAdversityProperly…………………………………….9
A.BeingCognizantoftheAdversityProperly………..……..……………….…….9
B.FacinguptoAdversitywithHope…….…………………..……...………..…...10
C.MakingaPlanfortheFuture…………………..…………………..…………..10
D.LearningtoBringForthNewIdeas……………………………………………11
E.BeingPerseverant…………………………..…………..……………...………12
Conclusion………………………………….……………………………….………14
Acknowledgements……………………………………….………………….………15
Bibliography……………………………..…………………...………………………16
Abstract
RobinsonCrusoeisalegendarypersoncreatedbyDanielDefoe.Hesurvivedonalonelyislandfortwenty-eightyearswithhisamazingwillpower.Andfinallyheovercametheadversityandcreatedthesplendorofhisownlife.Whenhewasconfrontingadversity,heknewtoloseisanotherwaytogain,andhemadeplansforhisfuturelife.Hedideverythingaccordingtocertainplans.Andhenevergaveup.Nowadays,peopleliveinabettersociety.NobodywouldhavetheexperienceslikeRobinson’s,butpeoplemaycomeacrosssomedifficultyoradversity.Whentheyareconfrontingtheadversity,theyshouldadjusttheirattitudes,makeplansforthefutureactively,begoodatbringingforthnewideasinadversity,andnevergiveupthehopetogetoutofit,struggleagainstitindomitablylikeRobinsonCrusoe.Eventuallytheywillgetoutoftheadversity,andcreatethesplendoroftheirownlives.
KeyWords
adversity;hope;innovation;perseverance;splendor
摘 要
鲁滨逊是笛福创造出来的一个传奇人物,他以自己顽强的毅力和坚强的意志在孤岛上生活了二十八年之久,并且最终战胜了艰苦的环境,创造出了人生中的精彩。
鲁滨逊在面对逆境的时候,懂得失去也是一种获得,不断地为将来做打算,凡事都有计划,有安排,并且从没有放弃过获救的希望。
现代社会的人们生活在物质优越的环境下,也许不会有像鲁滨逊一样的经历,但生活中总会遇到一定的坎坷或逆境,面对逆境人们应该像鲁滨逊一样调整好心态,积极地为将来做打算,有计划地安排生活,并且善于在逆境中发现、创造,永不放弃走出逆境的希望,顽强地与逆境作斗争,从而创造出自己人生的精彩。
关键词
逆境;希望;创新;坚持;精彩
Introduction
ItiswellknownthatRobinsonCrusoeisagreatcharacterbyDanielDefoe.ThoughRobinsonisafictitiousgreatperson,hetellspeoplethetruththatweshouldconfronttheadversityproperly.
RobinsonCrusoe’slifeisfulloflegends.HewasborninagoodfamilyinthecityofYork.Owingtohisramblingthoughtsaboutgoingtothesea,hebrokeloosetobeasailoragainsthisparents’will.Unfortunately,hewascaughtbytheMorningandbecameaslaveattheAfricanshore.Becauseoftheunbearablelife,heescapedfromhisPatroninaboat.Thenhewassavedbyafreighter.AndhewassenttoBrazilssafely.Hebecamerichbyplantation.ButwhensomeonesuggestedgoingtotheseatobuyandsellNegroes,hesurrenderedhimselftohisdreamagain.ThenhesteppedonhiswaytonavigationtoAfrica.Onthewaythere,theywerecaughtinaviolentstorm,whichbroughtdeathtoeveryoneexceptRobinson.Hewasdrivenbythecurrentanddriftedtoanislandandwassaved.Sincethenhebeganhislifeontheisland.
Robinson’slifeontheislandisthemostwonderfulpartofthewholestory.Robinson’stwenty-eightyearslifeontheislandisacclaimedastheacmeofperfection.Confrontingsuchanadversity,Robinsonshowedhisamazingwillpowerandstaunchlife-force.Healsoshowedpeoplehowtodealwithadversityinlife.Undersuchanadversecircumstance,heovercamevariousdifficultiesandcreatedsplendorofhislife.
Nowadays,peoplewillnothaveRobinson’sexperiences.Butpeoplewillrunintovariousadversities.Howwillpeopleconfrontadversity?
Inreallife,nobody’slifeisplainsailing.Therewillalwaysbesomebumporadversity.Whenpeoplearethrownintosuchsurroundings,theyarealwaysfullofremorse,notknowingwhattodo.LearningfromRobinson’sexperiences,peopleshouldlearnhismethodsandattitudestowardsadversity,confrontadversityproperlyandcreatesplendoroftheirownlives
.
I.Robinson’sAttitudestowardstheAdversityReflectedfromHisTwenty-eightYears’LifeontheIsland
Robinson’slifeisfullofvariousadversities,andespeciallyhis28years’lifeontheislandisthemostarduousoneoftheall.Andtheexperienceoflivingontheislandcanshowbesthisattitudestowardstheadversity.Itisshowedinthefollowingaspects:
A.LearningtoLoseinAdversity
Robinsonisnotapersonwhowasbornwithcouragetoconfronttheadversity.Heisnotamanwhoiseagertolivestably.Butowingtohisrebelliousthoughtsaboutsailing,heisalwaysfacedwithvariousadversities.Whycanhedealwiththeadversitywell?
Itishisattitudethatisthemostimportantfactor.
Whentheadversitycomes,ishehappy?
No.Justashesaid,hehadadismalprospectofhiscondition.ItiseasytoseethatRobinsonalsofeltmiserable.Thoughtheadversitycameunexpectedly,andRobinsonalsocomplainedabouthisconditioninthebeginning,hecanconverthisthoughttoanotherone:
Butsomethingalwaysreturnedswiftuponmetocheckthesethoughts,andtoreproveme;andparticularlyoneday,walkingwithmyguninmyhandbytheseaside,Iwasverypensiveuponthesubjectofmypresentcondition,whenReason,asitwere,expostulatedwithmet’otherway,thus:
“Well,youareinadesolatecondition,’tistrue,butprayremember,wherearetherestofyou?
Didnotyoucomeelevenofyouintotheboat?
Wherearetheten?
Whywerenottheysavedandyoulost?
Whywereyousingledout?
Isitbettertobehere,orthere?
”AndthenIpointedtothesea.Allevilsaretobeconsideredwiththegoodthatisinthemandwithwhatworseattendsthem.(DanielDefoe,49)
Itishistransposingthoughtsthatchangedhisattitudestowardslife.Whenhefeltmiserableabouthiscondition,hethoughtofhiscompanions’misfortunes.Heunderstoodthathisconditionisnotbadcomparedwiththem.Ashesaid:
“Allevilsaretobeconsideredwiththegoodthatisinthemandwithwhatworseattendsthem.”Itisjustthesameasthetruththattoloseisanotherwaytogain.ThereisnodoubtthatRobinsonlostmanythings,suchashiscompanions,hiscomfortablelife…Buthegotmore.Hewassurvived,whichisthemostimportantforhim.Thatisenough.Lifeiseverything.Wherethereislife,thereishope.
Besides,Robinsonknewhowtosetthegoodagainsttheeviltoenjoythecomforts.
EVIL
Iamcastuponahorribledesolateisland,voidofallhopeofrecovery.
Iamsingledoutandseparated,asitwere,fromalltheworldtobemiserable.
Iamdividedfrommankind,asolitaire,onebanishedfromhumansociety.
Ihavenotclothestocoverme.
Iamwithoutanydefenseormeanstoresistanyviolenceofmanorbeast.
Ihavenosoultospeakto,orrelieveme.
GOOD
ButIamalive,andnotdrowned,asallmyship’scompanywas.
ButIamsingledout,too,fromalltheship’screwtobesparedfromdeath;andhethatmiraculouslysavedmefromdeathcandelivermefromthiscondition.
ButIamnotstarvedandperishingonabarrenplace,affordingnosustenance.
ButIaminahotclimate,whereifIhadclothesIcouldhardlywearthem.
ButIamcastonanisland,whereIseenowildbeaststohurtme,asIsawontheofAfrica.AndwhatifIhadbeenshipwreckedthere?
ButGodwonderfullysenttheshipinnearenoughtotheshorethatIhavegottenoutsomanynecessarythingsaswilleithersupplymywants,orenablemetosupplymyselfevenaslongasIlive.(DanielDefoe,52)
ItisjustasRobinsonsaidthatuponthewhole,herewasanundoubtedtestimony,thattherewasscarceanyconditionintheworldsomiserable,buttherewassomethingnegativeorsomethingpositivetobethankfulforinit;andletthisstandasadirectionfromtheexperienceofthemostmiserableofallconditionsintheworld,thatwemayalwaysfindinitsomethingtocomfortourselvesfromandtosetinthedescriptionofgoodandevilonthecreditsideoftheaccount.
Robinsonmadeacomparisonbetweentheevilandgood,andunderstoodthathegotmorethanhelostindeed.Astimewenton,helearnedtotakemoreuponthebrightsideofhiscondition,andlessuponthedarkside,andtoconsiderwhatheenjoyedratherthanwhathewanted.Somebodythinksthatifonegetsgreatprestige,hewilllosethefreedomthattheordinaryhave;ifonegetsenormouswealth,hewilllosetheeasewhenheissleeping;ifonegetsbriskbusiness,hewilllosealotoftime…Inaword,ifeveryonecanthinkofhisowngainandlossseriously,hewillfindthatthereisreallossinvaryingdegreesintheprocessofgaining.
B.MakingPlansfortheFutureontheIsland
sothatIhadatolerableviewofsubsistingwithoutanywantaslongasIlived;forIconsideredfromthebeginninghowIwouldprovidefortheaccidentsthat
mighthappenandforthetimethatwastocome,evennotonlyaftermyammunitionshouldbespent,butevenaftermyheal