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Book2unit1
类型:
建议信
话题:
报刊的优缺点及建议
典例展示
DearEditorinChief,
Congratulationsonthe5thanniversaryofGlobalMirror!
I’maregularreaderofyounewspaper.Ilikeitverymuchmainforthefollowingtworeasons.1First,itcoversbothnationalandinternationalnewssothat,withsimplyturningthepages,Icanlearnwholeimportantthingsthathavebeenhappenedduringtheweek.Equallyattractiveisthesuccessstoriesofworldfamouspeople,whohelpmeunderstandhowa
personcanworkhardmaketheworldabetterplace.
Asayoungstudent,IsuggestthatGlobalMirrorcarryarticletoguideusinourEnglishlearning,2butIhopethatitwillbecomeevenmorepopular.
Sincerelyyours,
LiHua
(2011·大纲全国卷)
佳句变式
范文中的划线句子可改为如下句式:
1.Iappreciateitverymuchforthetwomainreasonsasfollows.
2.IsuggestthatGlobalMirrorcarryarticlesthatwillguideusinourEnglishlearning
Ⅰ.词汇与派生
联想记忆法
1.designvt.设计;计划;构思;n.设计;图案;构思→bedesignedfor...为……而设计/打算的→bydesign故意地;有计划地
2.fancyadj.奇特的;异样的;vt.想象;设想;爱好→fancydoingsth.想要做某事
3.decoratev.装饰,装修→decoratesth.with...用……装饰……
4.belongvi.属于;为……的一员→belongto属于
5.removevt.移动;搬开→remove...from...从……移开,拿走……;从……机构开除……
6.doubtn.疑惑;怀疑;vt.怀疑;不信→(There_is)nodoubt...……毫无疑问,无疑→without/beyonddoubt毫无疑问,的确
7.trialn.审判;审讯;试验→ontrial受审
8.debaten.&vi.争论;辩论→underdebate正在辩论中→debateabout/on/uponsth.争论某事
构词记忆法
1.rareadj.稀罕的;珍贵的;稀有的→rarelyadv.很少,不常
2.valuableadj.贵重的,有价值的→valuen.价值,值钱;vi.评价,估价
3.survivevi.幸免,幸存;生还→survivorn.幸存者→survivaln.幸存
4.amazevt.使吃惊;惊讶→amazingadj.令人吃惊的→amazedadj.(感到)惊讶的,吃惊的
5.receptionn.接待;接收;招待会→receivev.接受;招待;收听
6.woodenadj.木制的→woodn.木头
7.evidencen.根据;证据→evidentadj.清楚的;显而易见的;显然的
8.entrancen.入口→entervt.进入
9.informaladj.非正式的→formaladj.正式的
语境助记法
Thecastleofthatdynastywasdesignedinafancystyle.Onepalacewasdecoratedwithcarefullyselectedvaluableandrarejewelsandithadabeautifulentrance.Toouramazement,itsurvivedagreatexplosiononce,whichisevidentlyindoubt.
学情自测
根据英文释义写出下列词汇
1.select:
tochoosecarefully
2.survive:
tomanagetoliveorcontinueindifficulties
3.remove:
totakesomethingaway
4.rare:
notseenorfoundveryoften
5.former:
ofanearlierperiodortime;happeningbefore
根据句意用框中所给词的适当形式填空
6.Harrywasluckytohavesurvivedthewar.
7.Theexperimentwasanamazingsuccess.
8.Theydebatedwhethertheoldbuildingshouldbepulleddownornot.
9.Thenovelisnotworthreading.
10.Thebuildinghasbeenspeciallydesignedtoprovideeasyaccessforpeopleinwheelchairs.
Ⅱ.短语与拓展
1.insearchof寻找→inthe/one’ssearchfor搜寻,寻找→search+搜寻地点+for+搜寻对象
2.inreturn(for...)作为(对……的)报答;回报→inturn依次;轮流;反之
3.atwar处于交战状态→atpeace处于和平状态
4.lessthan少于→morethan多于;非常;不仅仅→otherthan除……以外
5.serveas充当,担任,任职→servefor用作
6.totellthe_truth说实话→tella_lie/lies说谎
7.takeapart拆开→tell...apart区别→apartfrom除了……
8.thinkhighlyof高度评价→thinknothingof轻视,认为……无所谓
学情自测
根据语境选择框中所给短语的适当形式填空
1.Theywentintotheforestin_search_ofthelostchild.
2.—Iapologizetoyouformyrudenessyesterday,Mary.
—Nevermind,andIthink_nothing_ofit.
3.To_tell_the_truth,I’llbegladtogethome.
4.Ican’ttellthemapart.Theyaresomuchalike.
5.Idon’tknowanyFrenchpeopleother_thanyou.
Ⅴ.教材与高考
1.(教材原句)FrederickWilliamⅠ,theKingofPrussia,could_never_have_imaginedthathisgreatestgifttotheRussianpeoplewouldhavesuchanamazinghistory.(P1)
(2011·陕西,22)I________throughthatbitterperiodwithoutyourgeneroushelp.
A.couldn’thavegoneB.didn’tgo
C.wouldn’tgoD.hadn’tgone
命题思路 本题考查虚拟语气在具体语境中的运用。
考查从语用和题干语境的角度作出正确选择。
选A项。
变式训练 ButforthehelpofmyEnglishteacher,I________thefirstprizeintheEnglishWritingCompetition.
A.wouldnotwinB.wouldnothavewon
C.wouldwinD.wouldhavewon
答案解析 本题考查虚拟语气的用法。
句意为:
要不是我的英语老师的帮助,我不会在英语写作比赛中获得一等奖。
根据句意可知主句应使用否定式,而主句是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,主句谓语形式为would/should/could/might+havedone,故答案为B项。
2.(教材原句)Later,CatherineⅡhad_the_Amber_Room_movedtoapalaceoutsideStPetersburgwhereshespenthersummers.(P2)
(2011·陕西,14)Clairehadherluggage________anhourbeforeherplaneleft.
A.checkB.checking
C.tocheckD.checked
命题思路 本题考查havesth.done结构在具体语境中的运用。
选D项。
变式训练 Ihavealotofreadings________beforetheendofthisterm.
A.completingB.tocomplete
C.completedD.beingcompleted
答案解析 本题考查非谓语动词作定语。
句意为:
本学期结束前我有许多阅读要完成。
根据语境可知,本句中的have为及物动词“拥有”之意,结构为havesth.todo“有某事要做”。
不定式todo和它所修饰的名词构成逻辑上的动宾关系,且和句子的主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系,即
,用不定式的主动形式作定语,表示被动含义,故选B项。
若不定式的逻辑主语与主句主语不一致时,要用havesth.tobedone结构。
Ⅳ.经典课文原句
1.FrederickWilliamⅠ,theKingofPrussia,could_never_have_imagined(绝不可能想到)thathisgreatestgifttotheRussianpeoplewouldhavesuchanamazinghistory.
2.However,thenextKingofPrussia,FrederickWilliamⅠ,to_whom_the_amber_room_
belonged(琥珀屋属于他),decidednottokeepit.
3.In1770theroomwascompletedthe_way_she_wanted(按照她要求的方式).
4.Thiswasatime_when_the_two_countries_were_at_war(两国交战的时期).
5.There_is_no_doubt_that(毫无疑问)theboxeswerethenputonatrainforK
nigsberg,whichwasatthattimeaGermancityontheBalticSea.
6.He/Sheonlycares_about_whether_the_eyewitness_has_given_true_information(关心目击者是否提供了真实信息),whichmustbefactsratherthanopinions.
7.Forexample,it_can_be_proved_that(可以证明)Chinahasmorepeoplethananyothercountryintheworld.
8.Nor_do_I_think(我不认为)theyshouldgiveittoanygovernment.
Ⅴ.单元语法自测
用定语从句合并改写下列两个句子
1.Iwasinvitedtojoinbymyneighbor.HehasbeenaLeaguememberforthreeyears.
→Iwasinvitedtojoinbymyneighbor,who_has_been_a_League_member_for_
three_years.
2.Thefilmbroughtthehoursbacktome.Iwastakengoodcareofinthatfarawayvillageinthattime.
→Thefilmbroughtthehoursbacktomewhen_I_was_taken_good_care_of_in_that_
faraway_village.
3.Ourfriendsmissedthetrainagain.Theyarealwayslateforeverything.
→Ourfriends,who_are_always_late_for_everything,missedthetrainagain.
4.Hedoesn’tgototheGreatWall.Themanisnotatrueman.
→Hewho_doesn’t_go_to_the_Great_Wallisnotatrueman.
5.Canyoulendmethebook?
Youtalkedaboutitlastnight.
→Canyoulendmethebookabout_whichyoutalkedlastnight?
1.survivev.tostayalivedespiteaninjury,illness,waretc.幸存,活下来;保存下来;tomanagetodealwithsth.difficultorunpleasant设法对付
AsurviveB A比B活得长
survivesth.幸免于……;从……中活过来
surviveon靠……存活下来
注意
(1)survive本身已表示“幸存;幸免于”,因而不要加多余的in或from。
(2)当survive意为“比……多活多长时间”时,用“AsurviveBby+时间”结构表示。
(1)Thedangerexists,butknowledgecanhelphumanbeingstosurvive.
(2011·江西,阅读D)
危险存在着,但是知识可以帮助人类存活下来。
(2)Itisimportantforgovernmentauthoritiestoprovidebetterservicefortheforeigninvestedcompaniestosurvivetheeconomiccrisis.
政府机构向国外投资公司提供更好的服务对其渡过经济危机非常重要。
(3)Hediedin1940buthiswifesurvived_him_byanother20years.
他在1940年逝世,但他的妻子比他多活了20年。
语境活用
Mr.Greenwastheonly
(1)survivor(幸存者)who
(2)survived_the_earthquake(在地震中幸存).Hetoldushe(3)survived_on(靠……生存)abottleofmineralwater.Everyonesaidhis(4)survival_(幸存)wasawonder.
2.worthadj.havingavalueinmoney,etc.有……价值;值……钱;n.anamountofsth.thathasthevaluementioned价值
beworthdoingsth.值得做某事
beworthwhiletodo/doingsth.值得做某事
It’sworthwhiletodo/doingsth.某人做某事是值得的
beworthyofsth./ofbeingdone/tobedone值得(做)某事
注意 worthy可作定语,而worth不能。
(1)Jacquelinemayhavebeenhiredforhernameandforhersocialrelations,butshesoonprovedherworth.(2011·福建,阅读D)
人们雇用Jacqueline时,可能是因为她的名气和社会关系,但是她很快就证明了自己的价值。
(2)Thefactoryisworthvisiting.
=Thefactoryisworthyofavisit.
=Thefactoryisworthyofbeing_visited.
=Thefactoryisworthytobevisited.
=It’sworthwhiletovisit/visitingthefactory.
这家工厂值得参观。
(3)LiuHulanisaworthydaughteroftheParty.
刘胡兰是党的好女儿。
3.designv.todecidehowsth.willlook,work,etc.,especiallybydrawingplansormakingmodels设计;构思;计划;n.thegeneralarrangementofthedifferentpartsofsth.thatismade,suchasabuilding,book,machine,etc.设计;布局;图样
bydesign=onpurpose故意
havedesignson/uponsth.图谋(钱、生命等)
bedesignedfor...为……设计
bedesignedtodo.../as...为某目的或用途而制造或设计
(1)TheWinnersClubisabankaccountspeciallydesignedforteenagers.
(2011·江西,阅读B)
优胜者俱乐部是一种专门针对青少年开设的银行账户。
(2)Themethodisspecificallydesigned_foruseinsmallgroups.这方法是专为小组活动设计的。
(3)Theexperimentisdesignedtotestthenewdrug.这个实验的目的是想测试这种新药品。
对点自测
Ⅰ.语境填词
1.Doyouthinkthetrafficaccidentwascausedbyaccidentorbydesign?
2.Thisnecklaceisworth$1,000.
3.Thereareconcernsthattherefugeesmaynotsurvivethewinter.
Ⅱ.单项填空
1.Wouldyoupleasemakeupatopicworth________intomorrow’sconference?
A.discussingB.tobediscussed
C.todiscussedD.beingdiscussed
答案 A
2.Thehouses________fortherefugeesintheearthquakehavealreadybeencompleted.
(2011·青岛模拟)
A.designedB.designing
C.todesignD.havingdesigned
答案 A
3.Afterthetrafficaccident,noone________exceptafewpeoplewhowerebadlyinjured.
A.surviveB.survived
C.wassurvivedD.wassurviving
答案 B
1.insearchof寻找
注意
(1)在searchsb./sth.forsb./sth.短语中,for后面接的是寻找的人或物。
(2)在insearch短语中,若search前有限定词,后面用介词for;若无限定词,后面用
介词of。
(1)TwelveyearoldRothbecomesafriendofDr.Bantingandhisassistant,Mr.Best,whoareinsearchofacurefordiabetes(糖尿病).(2011·福建,阅读C)
12岁的Roth成为Banting博士和他的助手Best先生的朋友,他们正在寻找治愈糖尿病的办法。
(2)Thepolicemansearchedthethieftoseewhathehadinhispockets.
警察搜查小偷,看他口袋里有什么东西。
(3)Heissearching_forthemissingwallet.
他在寻找那个丢失的钱包。
2.belongto属于;是……的成员
belongto中to为介词,后接名词的普通格,不接所有格;后接代词时用宾格,不用名词性物主代词。
belongto无被动语态,无进行时。
belongingsn.所有物,财产
(1)Thesenseofbelongingtoagroup.(2011·湖北·阅读B)
属于一个群体的感觉。
(2)Webelongtothenewclub.
我们是这个新俱乐部的成员。
(3)Chinaisacountrybelonging_tothethird