运用创伤理论分析《最蓝的眼睛》中佩科拉的形象英文版.docx

运用创伤理论分析《最蓝的眼睛》中佩科拉的形象英文版.docx

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运用创伤理论分析《最蓝的眼睛》中佩科拉的形象英文版

摘要

美国黑人女作家托妮.莫里森（1931-2019）出生于俄亥俄州钢城洛里恩,她曾获普利策小说奖，赛珍珠奖，美国艺术文学学院奖。

她在1993年获得诺贝尔奖.《最蓝的眼睛》为她的第一部长篇小说。

以美国1941年前后黑人遭受到的精神奴役为背景，在黑人奴隶制度废除后，虽然黑人和白人在肉体上的社会地位看起来是平等的，但是因为奴隶制度而在美国留下了黑人的穷困潦倒以及发自美国白人心里的种族歧视，而一些黑人为了改善自己的物质生活，在不知不觉中抛弃了本民族的优秀传统。

她注重细节描写。

突出情感表达，将小说创作与民族解放使命联系起来引发人们深思。

托尼习惯把神话色彩和政治敏感结合起来，在《最蓝的眼睛》发表的时候，正是美国黑人权利运动风气云涌的时候。

《最蓝的眼睛》中的主人公佩科拉的一家便是这种精神奴役下所酿成的悲剧。

本文应用了创伤理论相关的心理学理论来分析小说《最蓝的眼睛》中的人物特点，从创伤理论的心理创伤，文化创伤，宗教创伤三个方面来分析佩科拉悲剧形成的原因，以及从创伤修复理论的内部因素和外部因素来分析佩科拉最终创伤修复失败的原因。

文章根据文中独特的叙述角度和文中特有的时间顺序和黑人种族的文化背景,运用创伤理论来分析文中重要人物佩科拉的形象，从心理创伤，文化创伤和宗教创伤三个方面来分析佩科拉命运造成的原因。

同时运用创伤理论中的创伤复原理论分析佩科拉在遭受创伤后的复原过程，通过内在原因和外在原因分析佩科拉是如何修复失败造成最终的悲剧形象。

从而得到启示，引发深思。

关键词：

托尼.莫里森；创伤理论；命运；佩科拉；创伤修复

Abstract

ToniMorrison（1931-2019）wasborninlorrain,Ohio.ShewonthePulitzerprizeforfiction,thepearlbuckprizeandtheAmericanacademyofartsandletters.ShewontheNobelPrizein1993.Around1941blacksintheUnitedStatessufferedmentalslaveryasthebackground,theblackaftertheabolitionofslavery,thoughblacksandwhitesinthesocialstatusofthebodyappeartobeequal,butbecauseofslaveryintheUnitedStatesleftablackandpoorfromtheracialdiscriminationofwhiteAmerica'smind,andsomeoftheblackpeopletoimprovetheirmateriallife,inimperceptibleinabandonedthefinetraditionofthisnation.Sheattentiontodetail.Itemphasizestheexpressionofemotionandconnectsthecreationofnovelswiththemissionofnationalliberation.

Tonyhadahabitofcombiningmythologywithpoliticalsensibilities,andthepublicationofTheBluestEyecoincidedwiththeriseoftheblackrightsmovementinAmerica.ThefamilyofPecola,theprotagonistofTheBluestEye,isatragedycausedbysuchspiritualslavery.Thispaperappliedthetheoryoftraumaassociatedpsychologicaltheorytoanalyzethecharacteristicsofthecharactersinthenovelthebluesteye,thepsychologicaltraumafromthetraumatheory,culture,religion,traumafromthreeaspectstoanalyzethecausesoftheformationofPecola’stragedy,andfromtheWoundHealingTheorytoanalyzetheinternalfactorsandexternalfactorsPecolaeventuallywoundrepairthecauseofthefailure.

BasedontheuniquefeministnarrativeAngle,thespecialchronologicalsequenceandtheculturalbackgroundofblackrace,thispaperanalyzestheimageofPecola,animportantfigureinthispaper,byusingthetheoryoftrauma,andanalyzesthecausesofPecola’sfatefromthreeaspects:

psychologicaltrauma,culturaltraumaandreligioustrauma.Atthesametime,thetheoryoftraumarecoveryinthetraumatheoryisusedtoanalyzePecola’spost-traumaticrecoveryprocess,andtheinternalandexternalreasonsareusedtoanalyzehowPecolarepairedthefinaltragicimagecausedbyfailure.Thusgetenlightenment,causeponder.

Keywords:

ToniMorrison;Traumatheory;Fate;Pecola;Woundhealing.

Contents

AnAnalysisofTheTragicImageofPecolaFromInTheBluestEyeFromTraumaTheory

1Introduction

Thischapterisdividedintofourparts,whichrespectivelyintroducethebackgroundofthenovelcreation,theresearchmethodofthethesisonthenovel,thepurposeofthethesisandtheorganizationofthethesis.ThispaperanalyzesthecausesofPecola’sfatefromthreeaspects:

psychologicaltrauma,culturaltraumaandreligioustrauma.Atthesametime,weusetraumarecoverytheorytoanalyzePecola’srecoveryprocessaftersufferingfromtrauma,putforwardtwoquestionsanddiscusstheanswersinthispaper.

1.1BackgroundtotheStudy

Beforewritingapaper,theauthorsofthepaperbyunderstandingrelatedblackhistory,tounderstandtheresearch,authorthinksthatTheBluestEyeasherfirstnovel,hasgreatresearchsignificance,throughreadingthenovel,thetragedyoftheheroimagemakestheauthorswanttostudy,afterreadingrelatedliterature,afterdecidedtostudyfromtheperspectiveoftheoryoftrauma.TheBluestEyeforMorrision’sfirstnovel,theUnitedStatesaround1941blackssufferedmentalslaveryasthebackground,theblackaftertheabolitionofslavery,thoughblacksandwhitesinthesocialstatusofthebodyappeartobeequal,butbecauseofslaveryintheUnitedStatesleftablackandpoorfromtheracialdiscriminationofwhiteAmerica’smind,Inordertoimprovetheirmateriallife,someblackpeopleunconsciouslyabandontheirnationalexcellenttraditions.Criticsoftenusesuchcriticalmethodsasfeminism,racism,blacktraditionalculture,ecocriticism,post-colonialismandhistoricalwritingtoconductthematic,historicalandculturalstudiesandcomparativestudiesonTheBluestEyePurposeoftheStudyandResearchQuestions.

1.2PurposeoftheStudyandResearchQuestions

Sincethepublicationofthisnovel,manyscholarshaveanalyzeditfromvariousaspects,providingmultiplepossibilitiesforexploringitslong-termvalue.Herworksaremostlystudiedbycriticsinthewaysoffeminism,racismandblacktraditionalculture.ThispaperanalyzesToniMorrison’snovelblueeyesfromtheperspectiveoftraumatheoryandrevealssomeprofoundthoughtsexpressedbythisliterarytheory.ByanalyzingthecausesoftheprotagonistPecola’stragedyfromdifferentaspectsofthetraumatheory,aswellasthetragicimagefinallyformedafterthefailureintheWoundHealing,theworkmainlyreflectsthenationalspiritandaimsatawakeningpeople'snationalconsciousness.

BycarefullyreadingTheBluestEye,theauthorawakenspeople’snationalconsciousnessbyanalyzingPecola’svariousliterarytraumasinthecontextofwhitesociety.ThispaperaimstoanalyzePecola’stragicfateinthenovelfromtheperspectiveoftraumatheory,aswellasthesignificanceofsomethoughtsexpressedinthenovel.Inaddition,throughacomprehensivestudyofthenovel,thispaperaimstoanswerthefollowingquestions:

（1）HowdidPecola’stragicfateformstepbystep?

（2）HowdidPecolafailtohealthewouldinTheBluestEye?

1.3ApproachtotheStudy

ThispaperanalyzesthenovelTheBluestEyefromtheperspectiveoftraumatheorybymeansofexamples.Accordingtothedefinitionoftraumatheoryinpsychology,theauthorfindsfragmentsinthenovelthataccordwiththecharacteristicsoftraumatheorytoanalyzethecharacters’psychology.Throughthethreeaspectsoftraumatheoryinvolvedinthenovel:

culturaltrauma,psychologicaltrauma,religioustraumathreeaspectstoanalyzethefragmentdescription.Accordingtotheuniquenarrativeperspective,timeseriesandtheculturalbackgroundofblackrace,thispaperanalyzesthecausesoftheformationofthetragedyoftheprotagonistPecolaandthetragicimageformedattheendofthefailureoftraumarepair,soastogetenlightenmentandtriggerin-depththinking.

1.4OrganizationoftheThesis

Therearefivepartsinthispaper.Thefistchaptergeneralizesresearchcontent,includingtheresearchbackground,researchpurpose,researchmethodsandtheorganizationalstructureofthepaper.Thesecondchapteristheliteraturereview,includingthestudiesathomeandabroadonToniMorrisonandherworks,thefieldoftraumatheory,andtheresearchrelatedtoherworkblueeyes.ThethirdchaptermainlyanalyzesthecausesofPecola’stragedyfromculturaltrauma,psychologicaltraumaandculturaltrauma.ThefourthchaptermainlyanalyzesPecola’srepairprocessafterthetraumaandthetragicimageafterthefailureofthefinalrepair.Thefifthpartisaconclusionoftheseveralchapters,whichnotonlyincludestheanswerstotheresearchquestions,butalsoincludesthepurposeandinspirationoftheresearch.

2LiteratureReview

Thispartismainlyaliteraturereview,includingdomesticandforeignstudiesonToniMorrisonandherworks,aswellasdomesticandforeignstudiesondifferentfieldsoftraumatheory.Theresearchonthesubjectoftraumaismainlydividedintothreeparts:

culturaltrauma,psychologicaltraumaandreligioustrauma.Itwilloutlinethreedifferentareasoftraumaresearch.

2.1StudiesonToniMorrisonandTheBluestEye

ToniMorrison（1931-2019）isanimportantfigureinthehistoryofAmericanliterature.ShewontheNobelPrizeforliteraturein1993andistheonlyblackfemalewriterinhistorytowintheNobelPrizeforliterature.Morrison’sresearchbeganinthemiddleandlate1970s,andcriticsmostlyusedfeminism,racism,blacktraditionalculture,ecocriticism,post-colonialism,historicalwritingandotherresearchmethodstoconductthematicresearch,historicalandculturalstudies,comparativestudies.

StudiesonMorrison’sareallbasedonMorrison’sidentityasanAfrican-Americanfemalewriter,andallinterpretationsareaboutthisidentity,combiningdifferentinterpretationperspectivestointerpretMorrison’sliterarythoughtsorinvestigatetheaestheticfactorsinhernovels.Aroundthecenterofthediscussiontopicisrace,gender,culturalandliterarytradition,generallyincludingethnichistory,genderdiscourseandgenderpolitics,AfricanandAfricanculturaltraditionofMorrison’snovelcreationinfluence,Morrison’snovelcreationofAfrican-Americanliterature,traditionalAmericanliterarytraditionorthewesternliterarytradition,etc.RaceandgenderareoftenintegratedwiththeidentityconstructionofthecharactersinthenovelandassociatedwiththedoubleidentitiesofAfricanAmericans.Thehistoryanddestinyofracehasbecomeanenduringtopicintheacademiccircle,concerningtherelationshipbetweenblackandwhitepeopleandhowthedominantwhiteculturedominatesthelivingstateofblackAmericans.TheAfricanmythology,folklore,thespreadingofblackoralcultureandthedescriptionoftheblackcommunityinMorrison’snovelsshowtheAfricancultureandalsohelpreaderstointerpretMorrison’sworks.Anexplorationofgenderissuesin