全国大学英语四级测验真题参考答案.docx

全国大学英语四级测验真题参考答案.docx

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全国大学英语四级测验真题参考答案

全国大学英语四级测验真题参考答案

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2012年6月全国大学英语四级考试真题参考答案

PartⅠWriting（30minutes）

Directions:

Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledExcessivePackagingfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.Youshouldwriteat

least120wordsbutnomorethan180words.

1.目前许多商品存在过度包装的现象

2.出现这一现象的原因

3.我对这一现象的看法和建议

OnExcessivePackaging

PartⅡReadingComprehension（SkimmingandScanning）（15minutes）

Directions:

Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswersheet1.Forquestions1-7,choosethebest

answerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA），B），C）andD）.Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

SmallSchoolsRising

Thisyear’slistofthetop100highschoolsshowsthattoday,thosewithfewerstudentsareflourishing.

Fiftyyearsago,theywerethelatestthingineducationalreform:

big,modern,suburbanhighschoolswithstudentscountedinthethousands.Asbabyboomers（二战后

婴儿潮时期出生的人）cameofhigh-schoolage,bigschoolspromisedeconomicefficiency.Agreaterchoiceofcourses,and,ofcourse,betterfootballteams.Onlyyears

laterdidweunderstandthetrade-offsthisinvolved:

thecreationofexcessivebureaucracies（官僚机构），thedifficultyofforgingpersonalconnectionsbetweenteachers

andstudents.SATscoresbegandroppingin1963;today,onaverage,30%ofstudentsdonotcompletehighschoolinfouryears,afigurethatrisesto50%inpoorurban

neighborhoods.Whiletheemphasisonteachingtohigher,test-drivenstandardsassetinNoChildLeftBehindresultedinsignificantlybetterperformancein

elementary（andsomemiddle）schools,highschoolsforavarietyofreasonsseemedtohavemadelittleprogress.

Sizeisn’teverything,butitdoesmatter,andthepastdecadehasseenanoticeablecountertrendtowardsmallerschools.Thishasbeendue,inpart,totheBill

andMelindaGatesFoundation,whichhasinvested$1.8billioninAmericanhighschools,helpingtoopenabout1,000smallschools-mostofthemwithabout400kidseach

withanaverageenrollmentofonly150pergrade,About500moreareonthedrawingboard.Districtsalloverthecountryaretakingnotice,alongwithmayorsincities

likeNewYork,ChicagoandSanDiego.Themovementincludesindependentpubliccharterschools,suchasNo.1BASISinTucson,withonly120high-schoolersand18

graduatesthisyear.Itembracesdistrict-sanctionedmagnetschools,suchastheTalentedandGiftedSchool,with198students,andtheScienceandEngineering

Magnet,with383,whichshareabuildinginDallas,aswellastheCityHonorsSchoolinBuffalo,N.Y.,whichgrewoutofvolunteereveningseminarsforstudents.Andit

includesalternativeschoolswithstudentsselectedbylottery（抽签），suchasH-BWoodlawninArlington,Va.Andmostnoticeableofall,thereisthephenomenonof

largeurbanandsuburbanhighschoolsthathavesplitupintosmallerunitsofafewhundred,generallyhousedinthesamegroundsthatonceboastedthousandsof

studentsallmarchingtothesameband.HillsdaleHighSchoolinSanMateo,Calif,isoneofthose,rankingNo.423—amongthetop2%inthecountry—onNewsweek’sannualrankingofAmerica’stophigh

schools.Thesuccessofsmallschoolsisapparentinthelistings.Tenyearsago,whenthefirstNewsweeklistbasedoncollege-leveltestparticipationwaspublished,

onlythreeofthetop100schoolshadgraduatingClassessmallerthan100students.Thisyearthereare22.Nearly250schoolsonthefull,Newsweeklistofthetop5%

ofschoolsnationallyhadfewerthan200graduatesin2007.

AlthoughmanyofHillsdale’sstudentscamefromwealthyhouseholds,bythelate1990averagetestscoreswereslidingandithadearnedtheunaffectionatenickname

（绰号）“Hillsjail.”JeffGilbert.AHillsdaleteacherwhobecameprincipallastyear,rememberssittingwithotherteacherswatchingstudentsfileoutofa

graduationceremonyandaskingoneanotherinastonishment,“Howdidthatstudentgraduate?

”

Soin2003Hillsdaleremadeitselfintothree“houses,”romanticallynamedFlorence,MarrakechandKyoto.Eachofthe300arrivingninthgradersarerandomly（随机

地）assignedtooneofthehouses.Wheretheywillkeepthesamefourcoresubjectteachersfortwoyears,beforemovingontoanotherfor11thand12thgrades.The

closenessthissystemcultivatesisreinforcedbytheinstitutionof“advisory”classesTeachersmeetwithstudentsingroupsof25,fivemorningsaweek,foropen-

endeddiscussionsofeverythingfromhomeworkproblemstobadSaturday-nightdates.Theadvisersalsomeetwithstudentsprivatelyandstayintouchwithparents,so

theyaredeeplyinvestedinthestudents’success.“We’reconstantlytalkingaboutoneanother’sadvisers,”saysEnglishteacherChrisCrockett.“Ifyouhearthat

yoursisn’tdoingwellinmath,orseethemsittingoutsidethedean’soffice,it’slikeapersonalfailure.”Alongwiththenewstructurecameamoredemanding

academicprogram,thepercentageoffreshmentakingbiologyjumpedfrom17to95.“Itwasroughforsome.Butbysenioryear,two-thirdshavemoveduptophysics,”

saysGilbert“Ourkidsarecomingtoschoolinpartbecausetheyknowthereareadultsherewhoknowthemandcareforthem.”Butnotallschoolsshowadvancesafter

downsizing,anditremainstobeseenwhethersmallerschoolswillbeacure-allsolution.

TheNewsweeklistoftopU.S.highschoolswasmadethisyear,asinyearspast,accordingtoasinglemetric,theproportionofstudentstakingcollege-level

exams.Overtheyearsthissystemhascomeinforitsshareofcriticismforitssimplicity.Butthatisalsoitsstrength:

it’seasyforreaderstounderstand,andto

dothearithmeticfortheirownschoolsifthey’dlike.

Rankingschoolsisalwayscontroversial,andthisyearagroupof38superintendents（地区教育主管）fromfivestateswrotetoaskthattheirschoolsbeexcludedfrom

thecalculation.“Itisimpossibletoknowwhichhighschoolsare‘thebest’inthenation,”theirletterread.inpart.“Determiningwhetherdifferentschoolsdo

ordon’tofferahighqualityofeducationrequiresalookatmandifferentmeasures,includingstudents’overallacademicaccomplishmentsandtheirsubsequent

performanceincollege.Andtakingintoconsiderationtheuniqueneedsoftheircommunities.”

Intheend,thesuperintendentsagreedtoprovidethedatawesought,whichis,afterall,publicinformation.Thereis,inourview,norealdisputehere,weare

allseekingthesamething,whichisschoolsthatbetterserveourchildrenandournationbyencouragingstudentstotackletoughsubjectsundertheguidanceofgifted

teachers.Andifwekeepworkingtowardthatgoal,someday,perhapsalistwon’tbenecessary.

注意：

此部分试题请在答卡1上作答.

1.Fiftyyearsago.big.Modern.Suburbanhighschoolswereestablishedinthehopeof__________.

A）ensuringnochildisleftbehind

B）increasingeconomicefficiency

C）improvingstudents’performanceonSAT

D）providinggoodeducationforbabyboomers

2.Whathappenedasaresultofsettingupbigschools?

A）Teachers’workloadincreased.

B）Students’performancedeclined.

C）Administrationbecamecentralized.

D）Studentsfocusedmoreontestscores.

3.WhatissaidabouttheschoolsfordedbytheBillandMelindaGatesfoundation?

A）Theyareusuallymagnetschools.

B）Theyareoftenlocatedinpoorneighborhoods.

C）Theyarepopularwithhigh-achievingstudents.

D）Theyaremostlysmallinsize.

4.Whatismostnoticeableaboutthecurrenttrendinhighschooleducation?

A）Somelargeschoolshavesplitupintosmallerones.

B）Agreatvarietyofschoolshavesprungupinurbanandsuburbanareas.

C）ManyschoolscompetefortheBillandMelindaGatesFoundationfunds.

D）Studentshavetomeethigheracademicstandards.

5.Newsweekrankedhighschoolsaccordingto.

A）theirstudents’academicachievement

B）thenumberoftheirstudentsadmittedtocollege

C）thesizeandnumberoftheirgraduatingclasses

D）theircollege-leveltestparticipation

6.WhatcanwelearnaboutHillsdale’sstudentsinthelate1990s?

A）Theyweremadetostudyhardlikeprisoners.

B）Theycalledeachotherbyunaffectionatenicknames.

C）Mostofthemdidnothaveanysenseofdiscipline,

D）Theirschoolperformancewasgettingworse.

7.AccordingtoJeffGilbert,the“advisory”classesatHillsdaleweresetupsothatstudentscould.

A）telltheirteacherswhattheydidonweekends

B）experienceagreatdealofpleasureinlearning

C）maintaincloserrelationshipswiththeirteachers

D）tacklethedemandingbiologyandphysicscourses

8.isstillconsideredastrengthofNewsweek’sschoolrankingsysteminspiteofthecriticismitreceives.

9.Accordingtothe38superintendents,torankschoolsscientifically,itisnecessarytouse.

10.Tobetterservethechildrenandournation,schoolsstudentstotake.

PartⅢListeningComprehension（35minutes）

SectionA

Directions:

inthissectionyouwillhear8shortconversations,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestions

willbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA）、B）、C）andD）、anddecidewhichisthe

bestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswersheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

注意：

此部分试题请在答案卡2上作案。

11.A）TryingtosketchamapC）Discussingahouseplan.

B）Paintingthediningroom.D）Cleaningthekitchen.

12.A）Sheistiredofthefoodinthecanteen.

B）SheofteneatsinaFrenchrestaurant.

C）SheusuallytakesasnackintheKFC.

D）Sheinveryfussyaboutwhatsheeats.

13.A）Liste