考研英语二真题和答案完整版.docx

考研英语二真题和答案完整版.docx

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考研英语二真题和答案完整版

2018考研英语二真题和答案完整版

SectionI UseofEnglish

　　Directions：

　　Readthefollowingtext。

Choosethebestword（s）foreachnumberedblankandmarkA，B，CorDontheANSWERSHEET。

（10points）

　　WhydopeoplereadnegativeInternetcommentsanddootherthingsthatwillobviouslybepainful？

Becausehumanshaveaninherentneedto 1 uncertainty，accordingtoarecentstudyinPsychologicalScience。

Thenewresearchrevealsthattheneedtoknowissostrongthatpeoplewill 2 tosatisfytheircuriosityevenwhenitiscleartheanswerwill  3  。

　　Inaseriesoffourexperiments，behavioralscientistsattheUniversityofChicagoandtheWisconsinSchoolofBusinesstested。

Student’swillingnessto 4 themselvestounpleasantstimuliinanefforttosatisfycuriosity。

Forone 5 eachparticipantwasshownapileofpensthattheresearcherclaimedwerefromapreviousexperiment。

Thetwist？

Halfofthepenswould 6 anelectricshockwhenclicked。

　　Twenty-sevenstudentsweretoldwhichpenswereelectrified，anothertwenty-sevenweretoldonlythatsomewereelectrified7leftaloneintheroom，thestudentswhodidnotknowwhichoneswouldshockthemclickedmorepensandincurredmoreshocksthanthestudentswhoknewwhatwould8subsequentexperimentsreproduced，thiseffectwithotherstimuli9thesoundoffingernailsonachalkboardandphotographsofdisgustinginsects。

　　Thedriveto_10_isdeeplyrootedinhumans。

Muchthesameasthebasicdrivesfor_11_orshelter，saysChristopherHseeoftheUniversityofChicagoCuriosityisoftenconsideredagoodinstinct-itcan_12_NewScientificadvances，forinstance-butsometimessuch_13_canbackfire，theinsightthatcuriositycandriveyoutodo_14_thingsisaprofoundone。

　　Unhealthycuriosityispossibleto 15 ，however，inafinalexperiment，participantswhowereencouragedto 16 howtheywouldfeelafterviewinganunpleasantpicturewerelesslikelyto  17 toseesuchanimage。

Theseresultssuggestthatimaginingthe  18  offollowingthroughonone’scuriosityaheadoftimecanhelpdetermine 19 itisworththeendeavor。

”Thinkingaboutlong-term  20 iskeytoreducingthepossiblenegativeeffectsofcuriosity。

Hseesays“inotherwords，don’treadonlinecomments”。

1.[A]Protect[B]resolve      [C]discuss         [D]ignore

2.[A]refuse[B]wait        [C]regret           [D]seek

3.[A]hurt[B]last         [C]mislead          [D]rise

4.[A]alert[B]tie          [C]treat            [D]expose

5.[A]message[B]review      [C]trial             [D]concept

　　6。

[A]remove            [B]weaken           [C]interrupt            [D]deliver

　　7。

[A]when         [B]if               [C]though               [D]unless

　　8。

[A]continue           [B]happen           [C]disappear           [D]change

　　9。

[A]ratherthan        [B]regardlessof  [C]suchas             [D]owingto

　　10。

[A]discover     [B]forgive           [C]forget                    [D]disagree

　　11。

[A]pay         [B]marriage         [C]schooling            [D]food

　　12。

[A]leadto          [B]reston         [C]learnfrom           [D]beginwith

　　13。

[A]withdrawal     [B]persistence    [C]inquiry             [D]diligence

　　14。

[A]self-reliant             [B]self-destructive[C]self-evident        [D]self-deceptive

　　15。

[A]define         [B]resist          [C]replace              [D]trace

　　16。

[A]overlook         [B]predict        [C]design               [D]conceal

　　17。

[A]remember       [B] promise     [C]choose               [D]pretend

　　18。

[A]relief          [B]plan             [C]duty                [D]outcome

　　19。

[A]why        [B]whether        [C]where              [D]how

　　20。

[A]consequences  [B]investments  [C]strategies          [D]limitations

　　SectionII ReadingComprehension

　　PartA

　　Directions：

　　Readthefollowingfourtexts。

AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA，B，CorD。

MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET。

（40points）

　　Text1

　　ItiscuriousthatStephenKoziatekfeelsalmostasthoughhehastojustifyhiseffortstogivehisstudentsabetterfuture。

　　Mr。

Koziatekispartofsomethingpioneering。

HeisateacherataNewHampshirehighschoolwherelearningisnotsomethingofbooksandtestsandmechanicalmemorization，butpractical。

Whendiditbecomeacceptedwisdomthatstudentsshouldbeabletonamethe13thpresidentoftheUnitedStatesbutbeutterlyoverwhelmedbyabrokenbikechain？

　　AsKoziatekknows，thereislearninginjustabouteverything。

Nothingisnecessarilygainedbyforcingstudentstolearngeometryatagraffitieddeskstuckwithgenerationsofdiscardedchewinggum。

Theycanalsolearngeometrybyassemblingabicycle。

　　Buthe’salsofoundakindofinsidiousprejudice。

Workingwithyourhandsisseenasalmostamarkofinferiority。

Schoolsinthefamilyofvocationaleducation“havethatstereotype。

。

。

thatit’sforkidswhocan’tmakeitacademically，”hesays。

　　Ononehand，thatviewpointisalogicalproductofAmerica’sevolution。

Manufacturingisnottheeconomicenginethatitoncewas。

ThejobsecuritythattheUSeconomyonceofferedtohighschoolgraduateshaslargelyevaporated。

Moreeducationisthenewprinciple。

Wewantmoreforourkids，andrightfullyso。

　　Buttheheadlongpushintobachelor’sdegreesforall–andthesubtledevaluingofanythingless–missesanimportantpoint：

That’snottheonlythingtheAmericaneconomyneed。

Yes，abachelor’sdegreeopensmoredoors。

Butevennow，54percentofthejobsinthecountryaremiddle-skilljobs，suchasconstructionandhigh-skillmanufacturing。

Butonly44percentofworkersareadequatelytrained。

　　Inotherwords，atatimewhentheworkingclasshasturnedthecountryonitspoliticalhead，frustratedthattheopportunitythatoncedefinedAmericaisvanishing，oneobvioussolutionisstaringusintheface。

Thereisagapinworking-classjobs，buttheworkerswhoneedthosejobsmostaren’tequippedtodothem。

Koziatek’sManchesterschoolofTechnologyHighSchoolistryingtofillthatgap。

　　Koziatek’sschoolisawake-upcall。

Wheneducationbecomesone-size-fits-all，itrisksoverlookinganation’sdiversityofgifts。

21.Abrokenbikechainismentionedtoshowstudents’lackof。

　　[A]practicalability

　　[B]academictraining

　　[C]pioneeringspirit

　　[D]mechanicalmemorization

22.Thereexiststheprejudicethatvocationaleducationisforkidswho。

　　[A]haveastereotypedmind

　　[B]havenocareermotivation

　　[C]arenotacademicallysuccessful

　　[D]arefinanciallydisadvantaged

23.WecaninferfromParagraph5thathighschoolgraduates。

　　[A]usedtohavebigfinancialconcerns

　　[B]usedtohavemorejobopportunities

　　[C]arereluctanttoworkinmanufacturing

　　[D]areentitledtomoreeducationalprivileges

24.Theheadlongpushintobachelor‘sdegreesforall。

　　[A]helpscreatealotofmiddle-skilljobs

　　[B]maynarrowthegapinworking-classjobs

　　[C]isexpectedtoyieldabetter-trainedworkforce

　　[D]indicatestheovervaluingofhighereducation

25.Theauthor‘sattitudetowardKoziatek’sschoolcanbedescribedas。

　　[A]supportive

　　[B]tolerant

　　[C]disappointed

　　[D]cautious

　　Text2

　　Whilefossilfuels—stillgenerateroughly85percentoftheworld’senergysupply，it’sclearerthaneverthatthefuturebelongstorenewablesourcessuchaswindandsolar。

Themovetorenewablesispickingupmomentumaroundtheworld：

Theynowaccountformorethanhalfofnewpowersourcesgoingonline。

　　Somegrowthstemsfromacommitmentbygovernmentsandfarsightedbusinessestofundcleanerenergysources。

Butincreasinglythestoryisabouttheplummetingpricesofrenewables，especiallywindandsolar。

Thecostofsolarpanelshasdroppedby80percentandthecostofwindturbinesbyclosetoone-thirdinthepasteightyears。

　　Inmanypartsoftheworldrenewableenergyisalreadyaprincipalenergysource。

InScotland，forexample，windturbinesprovideenoughelectricitytopower95percentofhomes。

Whiletherestoftheworldtakesthelead，notablyChinaandEurope，theUnitedStatesisalsoseeingaremarkableshift。

InMarch，forthefirsttime，windandsolarpoweraccountedformorethan10percentofthepowergeneratedintheUS，reportedtheUSEnergyInformationAdministration。

　　PresidentTrumphasunderlinedfossilfuels—especiallycoal—asthepathtoeconomicgrowth。

InarecentspeechinIowa，hedismissedwindpowerasanunreliableenergysource。

ButthatmessagedidnotplaywellwithmanyinIowa，wherewindturbinesdotthefieldsandprovide36percentofthestate’selectricitygeneration—andwheretechgiantslikeMicrosoftarebeingattractedbytheavailabilityofcleanenergytopowertheirdatacenters。

　　Thequestion“Whathappenswhenthewinddoesn’tbloworthesundoesn’tshine？

”hasprovidedaquickput-downforskeptics。

Butaboostinthestoragecapacityofbatteriesismakingtheirabilitytokeeppowerflowingaroundtheclockmorelikely。

　　Theadvanceisdriveninpartbyvehiclemanufacturers，whoareplacingbigbetsonbattery-poweredelectricvehicles。

Althoughelectriccarsarestillararityonroadsnow，thismassiveinvestmentcouldchangethepicturerapidlyincomingyears。

　　Whilethere’salongwaytogo，thetrendlinesforrenewablesarespiking。

Thepaceofchangeinenergysourcesappearstobespeedingup—perhapsjustintimetohaveameaningfuleffectinslowingclimatechange。

WhatWashingtondoes—ordoesn’tdo—topromotealternativeenergymaymeanlessandlessatatimeofaglobalshiftinthought。

26.Theword“plummeting”（Line3，Para。

2）isclosestinmeaningto。

　　[A]stabilizing

　　[B