新编大学英语5Unit16课文语言点整理.docx
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新编大学英语5Unit16课文语言点整理
《新编大学英语5》1-6单元语言点整理
英语教育学院薛媛680361
2011-12-16
Unit1
1.agent(Line2)n.[C]ameansof…手段,途径
1)apersonwhoactsfororrepresentsanother,代理人
e.g.PleasecontactouragentinSpainforfurtherinformation.
travelagent旅行社经纪人
realestateagent地产经纪人
agency.
e.g.anemploymentagency
2)apersonorthingthatproducesaparticulareffectorchange产生某种效果的人力或物质
achemicalagent,oxidizingagents
化学制剂,氧化剂
acleaningagent除垢剂
aFBI(secret)agent(=aspy)密探
2.subject(Line3,para.1)
A.n.[C]
1)apersonwholivesinorwho
hastherighttoliveina
particularcountry,especiallya
countrywithakingorqueen:
臣民,公民
E.g.SheisItalianbybirthandaBritishsubjectbymarriage.
2)主题,对象,科目
Eg.a.Whatdidhesayonthesubjectofage?
b.Hisappearancewasthesubjectforsomecriticalcomments.
3)subjectforsth.引起某种情感或行为的人或物
asubjectforpity,ridicule,jealousy
B.subject(adj.)
subjecttosth./sb.:
1)obligedtoobeysth./sb.;undertheauthorityosth./sb.服从,受支配
E.g.a.Everyoneissubjecttothelaw.
b.Thearrangementsaresubjecttochangeatshortnotice.
c.Allsuchgatheringsaresubjecttothelawsonpoliticalmeetings.
d.Hishiringissubjecttoyourapproval.
2)oftenhaving,sufferingorundergoingsth.;liabletosth..常患或常遭受某事物;倾向某事物
E.g.Areyousubjecttocolds?
Theplanissubjecttoalteration.计划可能有变。
3.lend~~to(line.23,Para.3)
lend:
~sth.(tosth.)
=contributeoraddsth.tosth.提供或增添某物
E.g.lendone’sservices提供服务
lendtheoccasionalittleglamour
给这一场合增添一点光彩
E.g.Hispresencelentdignitytotheoccasion.
有他出席这一场合就更形庄严.
4.attain(Line25,Para.3)(formal.)
toreachorsucceedingettingsomething;to
achieve:
eg.a.Hehasattainedthehighestgradeinhismusicexams.
b.Weneedtoidentifythebestwaysofattainingourobjectives/goals.
c.Indiaattainedindependencein1947,afterdecadesofstruggle.
p.s.attainable (adj.)(formal.)
possibletoachieve:
E.g.Wemustensurethatwedonotsetourselvesgoalsthatarenotattainable.
5.theappleofone’seye.(slang.)someone’smostlovedperson.掌上明珠
E.g.His2-year-olddaughteristheappleofhereye.
其他与水果相关的俚语:
topbanana大老板
E.g.Who‘syourtopbanana?
谁是你们的老板?
theBigAppleN.Y.City
E.g.ThelittlegirlisfromtheBigApple.这个女孩来自于纽约城。
alemon没有价值的商品
E.g.Thatcarisalemon.那辆小汽车不值钱。
Bean
豆,豆型果实(slang.)人的头部,或少量(复数)
BeanBrain白痴
E.g.Idon'tknowbeansaboutthestockmarket.
beansaboutsomething
对某事物一无所知
Pea豌豆
liketwopeasinapod一模一样
Grape葡萄
sourgrapes酸葡萄(当某人发现自己达不到或得不到某事物后而对这种事物的否定,贬低。
)
E.g.Thelosers'scornfortheawardispuresourgrapes.
Potato土豆
couchpotato习惯懒散的人,终日赖在沙发上的人
hotpotato难对付的人
smallpotatoes不重要的
6.survey(Line.35,Para.5)
A.vt.(slightlyformal.)tolookator
examineallofsomething,especiallycarefully全面研究或论述
Eg.a.Hegotoutofthecartosurveythedamage.
b.Shehaswrittenabookwhichsurveys(=describesindetail)thehistoryoffeminism.
B.Survey.(n.)
1)全面的观察或论述,概论
asurveyofthesituation,subject
2)(对部分人的行为或意见等的)调查
Apublicopinionsurvey
7.take(no/great)pleasurein(doing)sth.(Line38,Para.5)(不)以作某事为乐
Eg.a.Thenaughtyboyseemedtotakepleasureinhisparents’suffering.
b.Theytakepleasureinremindingusofourpoverty.
类似的表达还有takeprideinsb./sth.
8.farandnear:
everywhere(Line41)
upanddown:
movingupwardsanddownwards
upsanddowns:
goodandbadperiods,fortuneorspiritsfollowingoneanotherinturn
dayandnight:
allthetime
onandoff:
fromtimetotime
nowandthen:
sometimesbutnotveryoften
hereandthere:
indifferentplaces
9.goforth(line.50)
向前去,(命令等)被发布,被发表
Eg.Thedecreehadgoneforth.
10.shower.v.(line.87)
topourdowninashower:
纷撒,将…阵雨般倾倒下来:
E.g.….showeredconfettiontheparade.
….将五彩纸屑天女散花般撒在游行队伍中
Unit2Manners
1.tobuzzwith(line5):
(ofabee)tomakeacontinuouslowsound;tobefullofexcitement,activity,etc.充满兴奋(或活动等):
e.g.1)Theroom’scrowdbuzzedwithexcitement.
2)Theplacewasbuzzingwithjournalists.
3)NewYorkbuzzesfromdawntodusk.
2.togathertogether/up(line14,47):
bringthingstogetherthathavebeenspreadaround
e.g.1)Thechildgathereduphistoysandputthemaway.
2),3)p.54
区别:
togatherin:
toharvest
e.g.Thisenabledustogatherinthesummercropsintime.
3.Beladenwith(para1,line15)
Note:
load;lade-laded-laden;carryingaloadorburden
Eg.Therearemanypassengersladenwithluggageatthetrainstation.
4.todishup(line23):
toput(food)intodishes;serve
e.g.1)Helpmetodishupthevegetables,please.
2),3)p.54
todishup:
toproduce(facts/arguments)
e.g.1)Hedishedupalotofusefulfactsandfiguresatthemeeting.
2)Ourhistoryteacherhasbeendishingupthesameoldlessonsfor20years.
5.Giveandtake/give-and-take(line35)n./v.公平交易;互谅互让;交谈;交换意见
1)Negotiationentails~.
2)Marriedlifeissaidtobeamatterof~.
3)Theysatdownforalengthy~.
4)Wemustall~alittleifwewantpeace.
6.tolectureon/about(line40)
toscoldorwarnsolemnly(especiallyatsomelength)教训,训斥,告诫
e.g.1)Thedoctorlecturedhispatientaboutsmokingtoomuch.
2),3)p54
7.stride(L69)v.&n.tomovewithlargesteps;improvement大步行走;进展
Eg.1)Thefirmhasmadegreatstridessinceitwastakenoverbythelargercompany.自从这个公司被大公司收购,就取得了巨大的进展。
2)Thecountryhasmadegreatstridestowardsself-sufficiency.
这个国家在自给自足方面已经取得了长足的进步。
3),4)p53
p.s.区别stripe,strive
stripe:
条纹,线条
Strive:
tryveryhardtoachievesth.力争,力求
8.Tosumup
1)tobuzzwith
2)togatherup
3)tobeladenwith
4)todishup
5)giveandtake
6)tolectureon
7)tomakestridesin/towards
Unit3BusinessStrategies
1.(make/have)impactson对…产生影响
1)Globalwarminghasagreatimpactontheenvironment.
2)Herspeechmadeaprofoundimpactoneveryone.
3)Highermortgagerateshavealreadyhadamajorimpactonspending.
4)Theresignationofthepresidenthasmadeasignificantimpactongovernmentpolicy.
2.Sustitute(n./v.)for替代
1)Thecourseteachesyouthetheorybutthere’snosubstituteforpracticalexperience.
2)Thelocalbusservicewasapoorsubstitutefortheircar.
3)Ifyoucannotgoyourself,pleasefindsomeonetosubstituteforyou.
4)Therecipesaysyoucansubstituteyoghurtforthesourcream.
5)ThecoachhastofindasubstituteforTimwhowastakenillbeforethegame.
3.Adaptto适应
1)Wehavehadtoadaptquicklytothenewsystem.
2)Alargeorganizationcanbeslowtoadapttochange.
3)Ittookhimquiteawhiletoadapthimselftohisnewsurroundings.
4)Thechildrenarefindingithardtoadapttothenewschool.
4.Inconflictwith/over跟谁有矛盾
1)Shefoundherselfinconflictwithherparentsoverherfuturecareer.
2)Johnoftencomesintoconflictwithhisboss.
3)Theprinciplesofdemocracyaresometimesinconflictwithpoliticalreality.
4)AndrewandRebeccaareinconflictoverwhoshouldberesponsiblefortheaccident.
5.BusinessTermsinText
Subsidiary子公司
jointventure合资公司
cutcost降低成本
downsize裁员
increaseprofit增加利润
shareholders股东
innovation革新
gobankrupt破产
fiercecompetition激烈的竞争
themarketeconomy市场经济
Unit4FriendsandFriendship
1.drawout:
demandorelicitthefullexpressionof
使…充分发挥
Eg.a.这个新任务充分发挥了他的才智。
Thenewmissiondrewouthistalents.
b.慢慢地,巴罗夫人的影响开始发挥出这个女子隐藏的品质。
Slowly,Mrs.Burrow’sinfluencebegantodrawoutthewoman’shiddenqualities.
c.新的责任使他潜在的才智充分发挥出来了。
Thenewresponsibilitiesdrewouthislatenttalents.
Cf.drawon/upon:
usesth.使用;利用;运用
Eg.a.我们这一项目自始至终都借助她的经验.
Wedrewonherexperiencethroughouttheproject.
b.我只好动用我的储蓄.
Ishallhavetodrawonmysavings.
2.notsomuch…as…notonethingbutrathersthelse不是...而是...
She'snotsomuchrichascarelesswithmoney.
她倒不是有钱而是太不在乎钱了.
Lindaisnotsomuchateacherasasister.
琳达与其说是老师还不如说是个姐姐。
3.Leaveoff(page139,line77,para9)
breakoff;stopdoingsth.;停止;中断
1)我希望雨能中断、停5分钟。
Iwishtherainwouldleaveofffor5minutes.
2)让我们从中断处开始。
Let’sstartagainfromwhereweleftoff.
3)Br.E别喊了!
我在这儿没法思考了。
Leaveoffshouting!
Can’thearmyselfthinkinhere.
4.strikeup (Line78,Para.9)
1)(causeto)starttoplaymusicorsing;tostarttoplayorsing(something):
(使)开始歌唱或演奏音乐
Eg.a.乐队突然开始演奏。
Thebandsuddenlystruckup.
b.管弦乐队开始演奏圆舞曲。
Theorchestrastruckupawaltz.
c.让乐队开始演奏。
Strikeuptheband!
2)toinitiateorbegin:
发动或开始:
Eg.a.tostrikeupaconversation开始谈话
b.Theystruckupanacquaintance(witheachother)ontheplane.
他们在飞机上(相互)认识了。
5.in/outofstep(withsb/sth)conforming/notconformingtowhatothersaredoingorthinking与他人谐调/不谐调
1)这种训练形式与工业的变化不谐调。
Thistypeoftrainingisoutofstepwithchangesintheindustry.
2)他同现代思想不合拍。
He'soutofstepwithmodernideas.
3)乔舒亚与现代生活不合拍。
Joshua’soutofstepwithmodernlife.
4)他与普通的选民不合拍。
Heisn’tinstepwithordinaryvoters.
Unit5Happiness
1.explode(Line19,Para.3)
v.1)burstloudlywithgreatforce;爆炸
eg.Terroristshaveexplodedbombsacrossthecountry.
恐怖分子引爆了全国的炸弹。
2)Increasesuddenlyandrapidlyinnumberorintensity 激增,迅速扩大
Eg.Thepopulationexplodedto40,000duringthetouristseason.
在旅游旺季,人口激增到四万人。
v.3)provesth.thatmanypeoplebelievetobewrongornottrue;推翻,揭穿
eg.a.Scientistswantedtoexplodethemythofamonsterlivinginthelake.
科学家们想揭穿湖底有怪兽的荒诞说法。
b.Thisbookfinallyexplodessomeofthemythsabouttheoriginoftheuniverse.
该书最后推翻了有关宇宙起源的一些错误观念。
c.Thisbookexplodedsomeofthemythsaboutlongevity.
这本书揭穿了一些关于长寿的错误观念。
4)expressstrongfeelingsofangersuddenlyandviolently大发雷霆
Eg.Heexplodedathear