新编大学英语5Unit16课文语言点整理.docx

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新编大学英语5Unit16课文语言点整理

《新编大学英语5》1-6单元语言点整理

英语教育学院薛媛680361

2011-12-16

Unit1

1.agent(Line2)n.[C]ameansof…手段,途径

1)apersonwhoactsfororrepresentsanother,代理人

e.g.PleasecontactouragentinSpainforfurtherinformation.

travelagent旅行社经纪人

realestateagent地产经纪人

agency.

e.g.anemploymentagency

2)apersonorthingthatproducesaparticulareffectorchange产生某种效果的人力或物质

achemicalagent,oxidizingagents

化学制剂,氧化剂

acleaningagent除垢剂

aFBI(secret)agent(=aspy)密探

2.subject(Line3,para.1)

A.n.[C]

1)apersonwholivesinorwho

hastherighttoliveina

particularcountry,especiallya

countrywithakingorqueen:

臣民,公民

E.g.SheisItalianbybirthandaBritishsubjectbymarriage.

2)主题,对象,科目

Eg.a.Whatdidhesayonthesubjectofage?

b.Hisappearancewasthesubjectforsomecriticalcomments.

3)subjectforsth.引起某种情感或行为的人或物

asubjectforpity,ridicule,jealousy

B.subject(adj.)

subjecttosth./sb.:

1)obligedtoobeysth./sb.;undertheauthorityosth./sb.服从,受支配

E.g.a.Everyoneissubjecttothelaw.

b.Thearrangementsaresubjecttochangeatshortnotice.

c.Allsuchgatheringsaresubjecttothelawsonpoliticalmeetings.

d.Hishiringissubjecttoyourapproval.

2)oftenhaving,sufferingorundergoingsth.;liabletosth..常患或常遭受某事物;倾向某事物

E.g.Areyousubjecttocolds?

Theplanissubjecttoalteration.计划可能有变。

3.lend~~to(line.23,Para.3)

lend:

~sth.(tosth.)

=contributeoraddsth.tosth.提供或增添某物

E.g.lendone’sservices提供服务

lendtheoccasionalittleglamour

给这一场合增添一点光彩

E.g.Hispresencelentdignitytotheoccasion.

有他出席这一场合就更形庄严.

4.attain(Line25,Para.3)(formal.)

toreachorsucceedingettingsomething;to

achieve:

eg.a.Hehasattainedthehighestgradeinhismusicexams.

b.Weneedtoidentifythebestwaysofattainingourobjectives/goals.

c.Indiaattainedindependencein1947,afterdecadesofstruggle.

p.s.attainable (adj.)(formal.)

possibletoachieve:

E.g.Wemustensurethatwedonotsetourselvesgoalsthatarenotattainable.

5.theappleofone’seye.(slang.)someone’smostlovedperson.掌上明珠

E.g.His2-year-olddaughteristheappleofhereye.

其他与水果相关的俚语:

topbanana大老板

E.g.Who‘syourtopbanana?

谁是你们的老板?

theBigAppleN.Y.City

E.g.ThelittlegirlisfromtheBigApple.这个女孩来自于纽约城。

alemon没有价值的商品

E.g.Thatcarisalemon.那辆小汽车不值钱。

Bean

豆,豆型果实(slang.)人的头部,或少量(复数)

BeanBrain白痴

E.g.Idon'tknowbeansaboutthestockmarket.

beansaboutsomething

对某事物一无所知

Pea豌豆

liketwopeasinapod一模一样

Grape葡萄

sourgrapes酸葡萄(当某人发现自己达不到或得不到某事物后而对这种事物的否定,贬低。

E.g.Thelosers'scornfortheawardispuresourgrapes.

Potato土豆

couchpotato习惯懒散的人,终日赖在沙发上的人

hotpotato难对付的人

smallpotatoes不重要的

6.survey(Line.35,Para.5)

A.vt.(slightlyformal.)tolookator

examineallofsomething,especiallycarefully全面研究或论述

Eg.a.Hegotoutofthecartosurveythedamage.

b.Shehaswrittenabookwhichsurveys(=describesindetail)thehistoryoffeminism.

B.Survey.(n.)

1)全面的观察或论述,概论

asurveyofthesituation,subject

2)(对部分人的行为或意见等的)调查

Apublicopinionsurvey

7.take(no/great)pleasurein(doing)sth.(Line38,Para.5)(不)以作某事为乐

Eg.a.Thenaughtyboyseemedtotakepleasureinhisparents’suffering.

b.Theytakepleasureinremindingusofourpoverty.

类似的表达还有takeprideinsb./sth.

 

8.farandnear:

everywhere(Line41)

upanddown:

movingupwardsanddownwards

upsanddowns:

goodandbadperiods,fortuneorspiritsfollowingoneanotherinturn

dayandnight:

allthetime

onandoff:

fromtimetotime

nowandthen:

sometimesbutnotveryoften

hereandthere:

indifferentplaces

9.goforth(line.50)

向前去,(命令等)被发布,被发表

Eg.Thedecreehadgoneforth.

10.shower.v.(line.87)

topourdowninashower:

纷撒,将…阵雨般倾倒下来:

E.g.….showeredconfettiontheparade.

….将五彩纸屑天女散花般撒在游行队伍中

Unit2Manners

1.tobuzzwith(line5):

(ofabee)tomakeacontinuouslowsound;tobefullofexcitement,activity,etc.充满兴奋(或活动等):

e.g.1)Theroom’scrowdbuzzedwithexcitement.

2)Theplacewasbuzzingwithjournalists.

3)NewYorkbuzzesfromdawntodusk.

2.togathertogether/up(line14,47):

bringthingstogetherthathavebeenspreadaround

e.g.1)Thechildgathereduphistoysandputthemaway.

2),3)p.54

区别:

togatherin:

toharvest

e.g.Thisenabledustogatherinthesummercropsintime.

3.Beladenwith(para1,line15)

Note:

load;lade-laded-laden;carryingaloadorburden

Eg.Therearemanypassengersladenwithluggageatthetrainstation.

4.todishup(line23):

toput(food)intodishes;serve

e.g.1)Helpmetodishupthevegetables,please.

2),3)p.54

todishup:

toproduce(facts/arguments)

e.g.1)Hedishedupalotofusefulfactsandfiguresatthemeeting.

2)Ourhistoryteacherhasbeendishingupthesameoldlessonsfor20years.

5.Giveandtake/give-and-take(line35)n./v.公平交易;互谅互让;交谈;交换意见

1)Negotiationentails~.

2)Marriedlifeissaidtobeamatterof~.

3)Theysatdownforalengthy~.

4)Wemustall~alittleifwewantpeace.

6.tolectureon/about(line40)

toscoldorwarnsolemnly(especiallyatsomelength)教训,训斥,告诫

e.g.1)Thedoctorlecturedhispatientaboutsmokingtoomuch.

2),3)p54

7.stride(L69)v.&n.tomovewithlargesteps;improvement大步行走;进展

Eg.1)Thefirmhasmadegreatstridessinceitwastakenoverbythelargercompany.自从这个公司被大公司收购,就取得了巨大的进展。

2)Thecountryhasmadegreatstridestowardsself-sufficiency.

这个国家在自给自足方面已经取得了长足的进步。

3),4)p53

p.s.区别stripe,strive

stripe:

条纹,线条

Strive:

tryveryhardtoachievesth.力争,力求

8.Tosumup

1)tobuzzwith

2)togatherup

3)tobeladenwith

4)todishup

5)giveandtake

6)tolectureon

7)tomakestridesin/towards

Unit3BusinessStrategies

1.(make/have)impactson对…产生影响

1)Globalwarminghasagreatimpactontheenvironment.

2)Herspeechmadeaprofoundimpactoneveryone.

3)Highermortgagerateshavealreadyhadamajorimpactonspending.

4)Theresignationofthepresidenthasmadeasignificantimpactongovernmentpolicy.

2.Sustitute(n./v.)for替代

1)Thecourseteachesyouthetheorybutthere’snosubstituteforpracticalexperience.

2)Thelocalbusservicewasapoorsubstitutefortheircar.

3)Ifyoucannotgoyourself,pleasefindsomeonetosubstituteforyou.

4)Therecipesaysyoucansubstituteyoghurtforthesourcream.

5)ThecoachhastofindasubstituteforTimwhowastakenillbeforethegame.

3.Adaptto适应

1)Wehavehadtoadaptquicklytothenewsystem.

2)Alargeorganizationcanbeslowtoadapttochange.

3)Ittookhimquiteawhiletoadapthimselftohisnewsurroundings.

4)Thechildrenarefindingithardtoadapttothenewschool.

4.Inconflictwith/over跟谁有矛盾

1)Shefoundherselfinconflictwithherparentsoverherfuturecareer.

2)Johnoftencomesintoconflictwithhisboss.

3)Theprinciplesofdemocracyaresometimesinconflictwithpoliticalreality.

4)AndrewandRebeccaareinconflictoverwhoshouldberesponsiblefortheaccident.

5.BusinessTermsinText

Subsidiary子公司

jointventure合资公司

cutcost降低成本

downsize裁员

increaseprofit增加利润

shareholders股东

innovation革新

gobankrupt破产

fiercecompetition激烈的竞争

themarketeconomy市场经济

Unit4FriendsandFriendship

1.drawout:

demandorelicitthefullexpressionof

使…充分发挥

Eg.a.这个新任务充分发挥了他的才智。

Thenewmissiondrewouthistalents.

b.慢慢地,巴罗夫人的影响开始发挥出这个女子隐藏的品质。

Slowly,Mrs.Burrow’sinfluencebegantodrawoutthewoman’shiddenqualities.

c.新的责任使他潜在的才智充分发挥出来了。

Thenewresponsibilitiesdrewouthislatenttalents.

Cf.drawon/upon:

usesth.使用;利用;运用

Eg.a.我们这一项目自始至终都借助她的经验.

Wedrewonherexperiencethroughouttheproject.

b.我只好动用我的储蓄.

Ishallhavetodrawonmysavings.

2.notsomuch…as…notonethingbutrathersthelse不是...而是...

She'snotsomuchrichascarelesswithmoney.

她倒不是有钱而是太不在乎钱了.

Lindaisnotsomuchateacherasasister.

琳达与其说是老师还不如说是个姐姐。

3.Leaveoff(page139,line77,para9)

breakoff;stopdoingsth.;停止;中断

1)我希望雨能中断、停5分钟。

Iwishtherainwouldleaveofffor5minutes.

2)让我们从中断处开始。

Let’sstartagainfromwhereweleftoff.

3)Br.E别喊了!

我在这儿没法思考了。

Leaveoffshouting!

Can’thearmyselfthinkinhere.

4.strikeup (Line78,Para.9)

1)(causeto)starttoplaymusicorsing;tostarttoplayorsing(something):

(使)开始歌唱或演奏音乐

Eg.a.乐队突然开始演奏。

Thebandsuddenlystruckup.

b.管弦乐队开始演奏圆舞曲。

Theorchestrastruckupawaltz.

c.让乐队开始演奏。

Strikeuptheband!

2)toinitiateorbegin:

发动或开始:

Eg.a.tostrikeupaconversation开始谈话

b.Theystruckupanacquaintance(witheachother)ontheplane.

他们在飞机上(相互)认识了。

5.in/outofstep(withsb/sth)conforming/notconformingtowhatothersaredoingorthinking与他人谐调/不谐调

1)这种训练形式与工业的变化不谐调。

Thistypeoftrainingisoutofstepwithchangesintheindustry.

2)他同现代思想不合拍。

He'soutofstepwithmodernideas.

3)乔舒亚与现代生活不合拍。

Joshua’soutofstepwithmodernlife.

4)他与普通的选民不合拍。

Heisn’tinstepwithordinaryvoters.

Unit5Happiness

1.explode(Line19,Para.3)

v.1)burstloudlywithgreatforce;爆炸

eg.Terroristshaveexplodedbombsacrossthecountry.

恐怖分子引爆了全国的炸弹。

2)Increasesuddenlyandrapidlyinnumberorintensity 激增,迅速扩大

Eg.Thepopulationexplodedto40,000duringthetouristseason.

在旅游旺季,人口激增到四万人。

v.3)provesth.thatmanypeoplebelievetobewrongornottrue;推翻,揭穿

eg.a.Scientistswantedtoexplodethemythofamonsterlivinginthelake.

科学家们想揭穿湖底有怪兽的荒诞说法。

b.Thisbookfinallyexplodessomeofthemythsabouttheoriginoftheuniverse.

该书最后推翻了有关宇宙起源的一些错误观念。

c.Thisbookexplodedsomeofthemythsaboutlongevity.

这本书揭穿了一些关于长寿的错误观念。

4)expressstrongfeelingsofangersuddenlyandviolently大发雷霆

Eg.Heexplodedathear

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