国际知识产权法案例分析英文版.docx

国际知识产权法案例分析英文版.docx

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国际知识产权法案例分析英文版

WUHANUNIVERSITYSCHOOLOFLAWINTERNATIONALINTELLECTUALPROPERTYLAW:

OVERVIEWANDCURRENTISSUES

LecturedbyProfessorSamRicketson

MelbourneUniversityLawSchool

TAKEHOMEEXAMINATION–SEMESTER1,2012

Major:

InternationalEconomicLaw

Name:

LinYao

Number:

2011201060201

Date:

2012.11.23

Introduction

DuringtheperiodofNovember2012,Itook“InternationalIntellectualProperty

Law:

OverviewandCurrentIssues”asanimportantforeignelectivecourse.ThecourseisstructuredaroundoverviewsandfrontierproblemsonIPrights.Basedonthoseclassicconventionsystemsresearchandclassdiscussionsaboutcurrentissues,Iliftedknowledgeandsharpenedmylinguisticskills.InStrictAccordancewiththerequirementsandschedule,I’vecompletedthetaskthroughmyowneffortsasastudyfeedback.

ThanksforProfessorSamRicketsonandProfessorNieJianqiangworkedonimpartingknowledgeandletmeenjoythewonderfuljourneyofInternationalIntellectualPropertyLaw.Lookforwardtoyoursuggestionandcorrection.

ALLMYANSWERSAREASBELOW:

PARTA

QuestionOne–40%

DearJustine:

YouhaveaskedmeforadviceonDraftTempuranIntellectualPropertyCode.Thankyoufortrustingme,andIwilltrytogivesomesuggestions.AllthesuggestionsareunderTRIPsAgreement,theBerneConventionfortheProtectionofLiteraryandArtisticWorks,theParisConventionfortheProtectionofIndustrialProperty,andtheWIPOCopyrightTreaty,whichwillbeinheritbyTempuran.

（a）

A.Copyright

（1）ThedraftCodedefines“theauthorisacitizenofTempuraorhasbeen

habituallyresidentinTempuraforaperiodofnolessthan5years”.Butas

BerneConventionprovides:

“Authorswhoarenotnationalsofoneofthe

countriesoftheUnionbutwhohavetheirhabitualresidenceinoneof

themshall,forthepurposesofthisConvention,beassimilatedtonationals

ofthatcountry.”Thatmeansthetimestandardof“5years”shouldnotbe

set.

（2）Theprovider“onlytheworkisfirstpublishedinTempuranorincountries

thatgiveequivalentprotectiontotheworksofTempuranauthorsshould

beprotected”andeventhefurtherconditionforprotectiongoagainstto

nationaltreatment.

（3）Aboutthedurationofprotection,theconventionproviderthetermshallbe

thelifeoftheauthorandfiftyyearsafterhisdeathandgivepermanent

protectionforrightofpersonality.“100yearsafterthefirstpublication”

and”willprejudicetheauthor’sright,personalityrightshouldnotbe

limitedinauthor’slifetime.

B.Designs

Initialregistration,andeachrenewalofregistration,ofatrademarkshall

beforatermofnolessthansevenyears.

C.Trademarks

（1）AccordingtotheTRIPsAgreement,ofregistration,trademarkmeansthat

signsbevisuallyperceptible.Therefore,cautiousattitudeshouldbeholdto

“smell”canbeakindoftrademark.

（2）“Throughevidenceofextensivemarketusethathasalreadyoccurredat

thetimeofapplication”maybeasuitableconditionforwell-known

trademarkapplication,buttoostrictwithcommontrademark.

D.Patentsforinventions

（1）Abouttheproblemofforeignpriority.Theperiodsofpriorityshallbe

twelvemonthsforpatentsandnoveltywon’tlosedespiteofapplicationor

publishinginotherUnionmembers.

（2）Patentscanbetakenadvantagetomeetfairusefortheeducationnecessary,

notlimitedincollegesorhighereducationalestablishments.

（3）Thepatentsrightholdershallbepaidadequateremunerationinthe

circumstancesofeachcase,takingintoaccounttheeconomicvalueofthe

authorizationundercompulsorylicense,alsothepatenteewhohasits

principalheadquartersoutsideofTempura.

ApplicationofCode

TheCodeshouldberetroactive,ambitofindustrialpropertyrightsprotection

mayexpandtoexpandtotheworkscomeintoexistencebeforeorafterthecommencementdateoftheCode.

（b）

（1）Traditionalideasthat,everycountryinsistsontheterritorialcharacterof

intellectualpropertyrightinestablishingtherulesofapplicationoflaw.

ThestrictRegionprincipledecidesdomesticlawhasnoextraterritorial

effectinprinciple.ButTempuraisahighlyindustrializedcountrywitha

largeservicessector,thatmeansabandonextraterritorialjurisdictionis

adverseforIPrightsprotectionasantechnologyexportingcountry.

（2）Subjectmatterjurisdictioncontributestotheestablishmentofindependent

andunifiedlegalsystem.Extraterritorialsubjectmatterjurisdictionmainly

aimsatdamagetotheinterestsofoverseascitizens.Soforasovereign

state,itisaperfectwaytodemonstratethestatesovereignty.Although

Salesiahaveacompletelegalsystem,toTempuran,itisnecessaryto

achievejudicaturetoenhanceindependenceanddevelopment.

（3）Theownershipandcontentsofanintellectualpropertyrightshallbegover

nedbylawsoftheplacewhereprotectionisclaimed.

PARTB

QuestionTwo–30%

TherapiddevelopmentoftheInternettothenetworkenvironmentofIntellectual,Propertyprotectionhasbroughtunprecedentedimpact.Cyberspaceisaglobal,interactiveandnon-jurisdictionofthecentralfeaturesofthenetworksothattheworldcannotrelysolelyonadisputetosolvethecountry,itneedsinternationalcooperationandcoordination.

Internetintellectualpropertyisthederivativecombinginternettechnologywithintellectualproperty.Comparedwithtraditionalintellectualproperty,thestrikingcharacteristicsofinternetintellectualpropertylieintheexistenceofintellectualpropertyandtheenvironmentbasedoncomputernetwork.Itthereforehastherulesofitselfinfeaturesofinfringementandwaysofinfringement.Atpresent,owingtothefrequentinfringementevents,drasticallyincreasinginfringementcases,diversified

waysofinfringement,difficultinvestigatinginfringementresponsibilitiesandimperfectconventionsystemsininternetintellectualproperty,somemeasuresshouldbetakentostrengtheninternetintellectualpropertyprotectionbyimprovinginternationaltreaty-making,perfectinginternetintellectualpropertyprotectorganism,improvingpeople'sawarenessofthelawofinternetintellectualpropertyprotection.

Forexample,atpresenttheInternetdomainnameplaystheroleofequivalentoftrademark,butstillhasnotobtainedthelegalstatussimilartotrademark.Maliciousregisteringactionhasalreadycausedproblems,andthesolutionseemstobegivingthelegalprotectionastrademark.However,thesetsofconventionsforminginthe19thcenturyaredifficulttocompletelyadapttothesocialrealityofthe21stcentury.

Theprovisionsofthepresentconventionisadaptedtotheindustrialeconomiccondition,butintheeraofknowledgeeconomy,therangeandspeedofinformation

disseminationisfarfromtraditionalenvironment,techniqueupdatecyclebecomesshorter,eliminatedfrequently,intellectualpropertyintangiblelossalsoincreasesgreatly.Therefore,furtherupdateforthecurrentinternationaltreatiesisnecessary.Ofcourse,therenewaloftheintellectualpropertylegalsystemwillnotshakethepurposeofintellectualpropertyrightsandbasicfunction,onthecontrary,itistopromote

intellectualpropertysystemplayabetterroletheinevitabletrend.

QuestionThree–30%

Historically,intheinternationallegalsystem,independent,parallel,andyettherearesignificantcontrastsbetweentheevolutionofIntellectualPropertylawsandinternationalhumanrightslaw.However,Sincethe1990s,westernscholarsbegantopayattentiontothecomplicatedrelationshipbetweenthem.ThisacademicresearchphenomenonrelatestoAgreementonTrade-RelatedAspectsofIntellectualPropertyRights（TheTRIPSagreement）formulationandimplementation.

AccordingtoUniversalDeclarationofHumanRights（hereafterreferredtoasUDHR）andInternationalCovenantonEconomic,SocialandCulturalRights,（hereafterreferredtoasICESCR）,Everyonehastherightfreelytoparticipateintheculturallifeofthecommunity,toenjoytheartsandtoshareinscientificadvancementanditsbenefits.Butasthedevelopmentofdigitalage,collisionbetweenintellectualpropertyprotectionandhumanrightshasbeenrising.TheprovisionsofTRIPsagreementposeanobstacletorealizationofthesebasichumanrights.Theadverseimpactsmainlyinclude:

obstructtechnologyassignmenttodevelopingcountries;newvarietiesofplantsandgeneticallymodifiedorganismspatentsinfluenceadequatefoodneed;medicinepatentsimpactonenjoyinggoodhealth,etc.

However,theIGOsandUNseniorofficialsalwayskeepcautiousattitudetowardusing“conflict”todescribethisrelationship.Theyusetheword“tension”instead.

Actually,Ithinkintellectualpropertyisnottotallyonoppositesidetohumanrights,butthetoolforhumanrightsrealization.Intellectualpropertyisusedtoachievethepurposeasfollowing:

encourageinventionandcreation,encourageinnovativeproductionspread,encouragedevelopmentofculturecharacteristics.Integrityofscientific,literaryandartisticworkswillprovidebettersocialservices,evencreategoodconditionsforrealizinghumanrights.

Indeed,strainedrelationsbetweenhumanrightsandIPrightscannotbeignored.Thereareviewsthattheconflictcanbesolvedbythelegislativeway.Accordingto

article7ofTRIPs,theinterestsbalancespiritreflectseachpartofhumanrightsare

indivisible,thisispolicyspaceforWTOmemberstoprotectIPrightsandensuresocialpublicinterestsatthesametime.WIPOalsothink,exceptionsandrestrictive

covenantsinthearticleareenoughtohelpeasethetensionrelationship.Developing

countriescan