高一英语下学期期末综合复习含答案.docx
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高一英语下学期期末综合复习含答案
高一英语下学期期末综合复习
第一部分听力(共两节)
第一节(共5小题)
请听下面5段对话,选出最佳选项。
1.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutherproject?
A.Satisfied.B.Worried.C.Disappointed.
2.Wherewillthemanprobablygothisfall?
A.Paris.B.Florida.C.NewYork.
3.Whatarethespeakersprobablytalkingabout?
A.Apainting.B.Aplane.C.Abird.
4.Whatwillthewomandonext?
A.Buysomefood.B.Dosomecleaning.C.Sendouttheinvitations.
5.Whatdothespeakersdecidetosee?
A.Aconcert.B.Amovie.C.Aplay.
第二节(共15小题)
请听下面5段对话或独白,选出最佳选项。
请听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
6.WhatdoesthewomanplantodoonSaturdayafternoon?
A.Playtennis.B.Prepareforaparty.C.Collecthergrandparents.
7.WhatrelationisAndrewtotheman?
A.Hisrelative.B.Hisworkmate.C.Hisflatmate.
请听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。
8.Whatdoesthemanwanttobuy?
A.Laptops.B.Cameras.C.Musicplayers.
9.Howmuchwillthemanpayforeachproduct?
A.$80.B.$95.C.$100.
10.Whencanthewomandelivertheproducts?
A.Inabouttwoweeks.B.Inaboutthreeweeks.C.Inaboutfourweeks.
请听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。
14.Whatistheman’sanswertothefirstquestion?
A.A.B.B.C.C.
12.Whatwillthemanprobablydobeforealongtriptoaforeigncity?
A.Talktohisfriends.B.Bookthehotels.C.Makeadetailedplan.
13.Whatdoesthemanliketodo?
A.Swim.B.Playbasketball.C.Playvolleyball.
请听第9段材料,回答第14至17题。
14.WhendidthewomangototheWindsorCastle?
A.OnSaturday.B.OnSunday.C.OnMonday.
15.HowlongdidthewomanstayinCambridge?
A.Forhalfaday.B.Foraday.C.Fortwodays.
16.WherewasthewomanprobablyonTuesdaynoon?
A.AtTrafalgarSquare.B.AtTowerBridge.C.AtBuckinghamPalace.
17.Whatdidthewomanenjoydoingmostduringherholiday?
A.Shoppingforgifts.B.Takingaboattrip.C.Seeingthechangingoftheguard.
请听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。
18.Whatisonthefirstfloor?
A.Sportsclothes.B.Sportsfacilities.C.Toilets.
19.WhendoestheSportsExpresscloseonMondays?
A.At6pm.B.At7pm.C.At8pm.
20.Whoarethelistenersprobably?
A.CustomersB.Managers.C.Newstaff.
第二部分阅读理解(共两节)
第一节(共10小题)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
★★★★☆
Asastudentastronomerscanningtheskieswithhomemadeinstrumentsaquarterofacenturyago,DidierQuelozspentmonthsdoubtingthedatathatledhimtoaninescapableconclusion:
He’djustdiscoveredthefirstplanetoutsideEarth’ssolarsystem(太阳系).
TheSwissscientisthadspentmuchofhisPhDresearchrefiningtechniquestodetectso-calledexoplanets(系外行星),whichuntilonenightinOctober1995hadpreviouslyonlyexistedintheworldofsciencefiction(科幻小说).
QuelozandhisadvisorMichelMayor,whowereawardedtheNobelPrizeforPhysicsfortheirpioneeringworkinOctober2019,hadalreadyovercomeanumberofobstacles(障碍)intheirsearch.They’dcarefullyconstructedtheirownequipmentattheHaute-ProvenceObservatoryatthefootoftheFrenchAlps.
Theplanetthey’ddiscovered,knownas51Pegasib,wastoobig.“Theplanetthatwefoundwasextremelystrangeandit’snotatallthewayyouwouldhaveexpectedaplanettobe,”Quelozsaid.“IremembermanydiscussionsI’dhadwithMayorandtryingtoprovethatitwasnotaplanetbutintheendwealwayscircledbackandsaidthatthat’stheonlyexplanation.”
TheexoplanetwasroughlythesizeofJupiter,yetwasmorethan20timesclosertoitsstarthanEarthistotheSun.
SaraSeager,planetaryscientistandastrophysicistatmat,whowasagraduatestudentatHarvardwhenQuelozandMayormadetheirdiscovery,thoughtofahugepublicargumentatthetime.Shesaid,“Peopleresistedit,andrightlysoinscience—youcouldn’tseetheplanet,youdidn’thaveaphotoofone,youwerejustseeingthestar,theeffectonthestar,sopeoplewantedtoputthateffect(down)tosomethingelse.”
Quelozsaidtheteam’sdiscoverytooktimetoberecognizedbecausebeforetheresearchexoplanetswerestrangewithintheastronomycommunity.Today,thankstotheirpioneeringwork,therearemorethan4,000knownexoplanetsandbillionsofstarsthoughttobeorbitedbythem.
21.WhatwasQueloz’scontributiontoastronomy?
A.Heinventedastronomicalinstruments.
B.Hewasapioneerinexploringexoplanets.
C.HewasthefirsttofindthestarsnearJupiter.
D.Hecollectedvaluabledataaboutthesolarsystem.
22.WhatcanwelearnfromQueloz’swordsinParagraph4?
A.Hewasunsatisfiedwiththefinding.
B.HedisagreedwithMayoronthefinding.
C.Hefirmlybelievedthefindingallthetime.
D.Heprovedthefindingbycarefulreasoning.
23.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“resistedit”inParagraph6mean?
A.Triedtotolerateit.B.Refusedtoacceptit.
C.Askedaboutitcuriously.D.Considereditveryimportant.
B
★★★★☆
Itcanalreadybedifficulttosayascientificwordlike“deoxyribonucleotide(脱氧核糖核苷酸)”letalonespellitoutinsignlanguage—butthat’swhythisyoungstudentisbeingpraisedforinventingnewwaysfordeafscientiststocommunicate.
LiamMcmulkin,whowasborndeaf,wenttotheUniversityofDundee,Scotland,tostudylifesciencesin2015.Likemostfirst-yearstudents,Mcmulkinwasworriedaboutnotbeingabletokeepupacollegeworkload.Sincehewastheonlydeafstudentattheuniversity,healsofearedthathewouldhavetroublekeepingupwiththecourselectures.
ThoughtherearesomeBritishSignLanguage(BSL)translationsofscientificvocabularies,theybecomefairlylimitedforcollege-levelcommunication.AsMcmulkincontinuedstudyingatuniversity,hebecamemoreandmorefrustratedbyhowhistranslatorwouldbeforcedtospelloutlongcomplex(复杂的)words.
“Watchingtheinterpreters(译员)foraone-hourlectureisverytiring,”Mcmulkinsaid.“Therearealotofnewwordsandscientificwordsareoftenverylong.SometimestheinterpreterwouldbefingerspellingforagesandIhadtowatchit.Wewouldmakeupnewsignswhichmeantitwaseasiernexttime,butitalsomeantIhadtolearnnewsigns,whichwasverytiring.”
Aftersomepainfuldays,McmulkinfinallyresolvedtodevelopawholenewsetofBSLwordsforhimselfandfuturelifesciencesstudents.Todate,hehascreatedover100newsignsforscientificwordsthathavebeenofficiallyrecognizedinformalBSL,whichisusedbyabout87,000peopleacrosstheUK.
“Liam’sefforttocreatenewsignsisveryimportanttothefutureofthelifesciences,”saidDr.MariosStavridis,PrincipalInvestigatorattheSchoolofLifeSciences.“Ifyouimaginehavingtofingerspellhighlytechnicaltermswhilesittinginalectureorhavingaquickconversationwithacolleague(同事),youcanappreciatehowdifficultithasbeenforLiam.Withthesesigns,Liamandotherdeafstudentswillbeabletoaccessscienceonawholeotherlevel.”
24.WhatwasLiamworriedaboutwhenhefirstarrivedatuniversity?
A.Hewouldbelaughedatbyothers.
B.Hecouldn’ttwowellinhisstudies.
C.Hehadchosenawrongmainsubject.
D.Hewouldn’thaveinterpreterstohelphim.
25.WhatmadeLiamfeeltiredduringthelectures?
A.Theinterpreters’toofastfingerspelling.
B.Theinterpreters’inabilitytocreatenewsigns.
C.Theinterpreters’failuretousesignscorrectly.
D.Theinterpreters’limitedsignsforscientificwords.
26.WhatdoesDr.MariosStavridisthinkofLiam’sinvention?
A.Itneedstestingamongdeafstudents.
B.Itwilldogoodtodeafstudents’studies.
C.Itwillencourageothersimilarcreations.
D.Itsetsagoodexampletocollegeteachers.
C
★★★★★
Thedivisivecampaignlikensobesity(肥胖)tosmoking.CancerResearchUK’slatestcampaignisatthecentreofanonlinediscussionaboutfatshaming.Thecampaignseestheword“obesity”appearonthefrontofcigarettepacketsinplaceofbrandnamesandhealthwarnings.
Inablogpost,CancerResearchUKexplainsthethinkingbehindthedivisiveadsbyshowingthatobesepeopleoutnumbersmokerstwotoone,andthatheavyweightcausesmorecasesofcertaincancersthansmoking.“Thecampaigncomparedsmokingwithobesitytoshowhowpolicy(政策)changecanhelppeopleformhealthierhabits,nottocomparetobaccowithfood,”thecharitysays.
ButdespiteCancerResearchUK’sreasoning,thecampaignhasquicklybroughtastrongpublicreaction.WebdeveloperKenLynchdescribedthecampaignasa“newlow”inawidelysharedpostonTwitter.Thissweethasledtoaseriesofback-and-forthreplies,wherepeopleeithervoicetheirdislikeofthecampaignordefendit.Acommonidearunningthroughtheresponse(回复)isthatCancerResearchUKisfatshamingobesepeople.
ThediscussioncentresontheconfusionaroundwhoCancerResearchUKisaimingitscampaignat.Inasweet,userAnncoatedsaysthattheadswillcause“nothingbutharm”toobesepeople.Butthecharityinsiststhatitisn’tchangingtheads.Instead,itwantstousethemtogoafterthegovernmentinordertobringaboutapolicychangethatwillhalvechildhoodobesityratsby2030,andplacerestrictionsonadsforjunkfoodonTVandonline.
Intheblogpost,CancerResearchUK’spreventionexpertLindaBauldadded:
“Thereisn’tasilverbullettoreduceobesity,butthebigfallinsmokingovertheyearspartlythankstoadvertisingandenvironmentalbans—showsthatgovernment-ledchangeworks.Itwasneededtocutsky-highsmokingraces,andnowthesameistrueforobesity.”
27.WhatwasCancerResearchUK’soriginalideabehinditscampaign?
A.Towarnobesepeoplenottosmoke.
B.Touse“obesity”asacigarettename.
C.Toshowobesityismoreseriousthansmoking.