职称英语考试理工类B级模拟题二.docx

职称英语考试理工类B级模拟题二.docx

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职称英语考试理工类B级模拟题二

2009年职称英语考试理工类B级模拟题

（二）

第4部分：

阅读理解（第31～45题，每题3分，共45分）

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每题后面有4个选项。

请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。



第一篇                            Insomnia

Insomniaistheinabilitytosleeprestfully.Itisaproblemtonearlyeveryoneatsometime.Apersonmaybeawakeforanhourinthemiddleofthenightandthen,nextmorning,feelthathehardlysleptallnight.Normally,worryaboutnotgettingenoughsleepistheworstaspectofmostinsomnia.Ifinsomniaoccursrepeatedly,itisimportanttofinditspossiblecausesandtrytocorrectthem.

Anyoflargenumberofsimplefactorsmaymakeitdifficultforsomeonetofallasleep.Hismattressmaybetoosoftortoohard.Iftherearetoomanyblanketsonahotnight,hemaybetoowarm;ifthemattressistoolighthemayfeelcoldduringthenight.Thebedroomitselfmaybeoverheatedortoocold.Ifitisnotdarkenough,ortoonoisy,thismaycausedifficultyinsleeping.Eatingshortlybeforegoingtobedmayalsoberesponsibleforinsomnia.Drinks,suchasteaorcoffee,canalsokeeppeopleawake.

Inabilitytofallasleepissometimesasymptomofemotionalormentaldisorder.

Thecauseofinsomniamaybeeasytocorrect.Thesufferershouldcheckthemattress,andbedroomtemperature,andmakeanynecessarychanges.Heshouldrelaxforanhourortwobeforebedtime,perhapsbyreadingabook,watchingtelevisionortakingawarmbath.Ifhewakesduringthenightheshouldtryturningonthelightandreadingforawhile.Takingwarmmilkandabiscuitortwomaybehelpful.Aboveall,heshouldtrynotworryaboutsleeplessness—whensomeoneistiredenoughhenearlyalwaysfallsasleep.

31Accordingtothepassage,insomniais

Aaseriousdisease.

Bacommoncomplaint.

Casignofillness.

Danunusualproblem

32Accordingtothepassage,peoplewhohasdifficultyinsleepingshouldsleepin

Aadarkandquietroom.

Balightandwarmroom.

Cacoldandquietroom.

Dadarkandwarmroom.

33Accordingtothepassage,ifapersonwantstofallasleepfastheshouldn’t

Aeatanythingduringsuppertime.

Breadanybooksbeforehegoestobed.

Cwatchtelevisionshortlybeforegoingtobed.

Ddrinkanythingthatwillkeephimawake.

34Accordingtothepassage,whatistheworstaspectofinsomnia?



AWatchingtoomuchtelevision.

BEatingtoomuchbeforegoingtobed.

CWorryingaboutsleeplessness.

DReadingtoomuchatnight.

35Accordingtotheauthor,insomniashouldn’tbeaseriousproblembecause

Aitscausecanbecorrectedbymakingoneselffeeltiredenough.

Bdoctorscancureiteasily.

Csomepeoplecancatchupontheirsleepduringtheday.

Dsomepeopledon’tneedsomuchsleep.

第二篇                          Mind-readingMachine

    AteamofresearchersinCaliforniahasdevelopedawaytopredictwhatkindsofobjectspeoplearelookingatbyscanningwhat'shappeningintheirbrains.

    Whenyoulookatsomething,youreyessendasignalaboutthatobjecttoyourbrain.Differentregionsofthebrainprocesstheinformationyoureyessend.Cellsinyourbraincalledneuronsareresponsibleforthisprocessing.

    ThefMRI（functionalMagneticResonanceImaging）brainscanscouldgenerallymatchelectricalactivityinthebraintothebasicshapeofapicturethatsomeonewaslookingat.

    Likecellsanywhereelseinyourbody,activeneuronsuseoxygen.Bloodbringsoxygentotheneurons,andthemoreactiveaneuronis,themoreoxygenitwillconsume.Themoreactivearegionofthebrain,themoreactiveitsneurons,andinturn,themorebloodwilltraveltothatregion.AndbyusingfMRI,scientistscanvisualizewhichpartsofthebrainreceivemoreoxygen-richblood--andtherefore,whichpartsareworkingtoprocessinformation.

    AnfMRImachineisadevicethatscansthebrainandmeasureschangesinbloodflowtothebrain.Thetechnologyshowsresearchershowbrainactivitychangeswhenapersonthinks,looksatsomething,orcarriesoutanactivitylikespeakingorreading.Byhighlightingtheareasofthebrainatworkwhenapersonlooksatdifferentimages,fMRImayhelpscientistsdeterminespecificpatternsofbrainactivityassociatedwithdifferentkindsofimages.

    TheCaliforniaresearcherstestedbrainactivitybyhavingtwovolunteersviewhundredsofpicturesofeverydayobjects,likepeople,animals,andfruits.ThescientistsusedanfMRImachinetorecordthevolunteers'brainactivitywitheachphotographtheylookedat.Differentobjectscauseddifferentregionsofthevolunteers'brainstolightuponthescan,indicatingactivity.Thescientistsusedthisinformationtobuildamodeltopredicthowthebrainmightrespondtoanyimagetheeyessee.

     Inasecondtest,thescientistsaskedthevolunteerstolookat120newpictures.Likebefore,theirbrainswerescannedeverytimetheylookedatanewimage.Thistime,thescientistsusedtheirmodeltomatchthefMRIscanstotheimage.Forexample,ifascaninthesecondtestshowedthesamepatternofbrainactivitythatwasstrongly,relatedtopicturesofapplesinthefirsttest,theirmodelwouldhavepredictedthevolunteerswerelookingatapples.

36.Whatisresponsibleforprocessingtheinformationsentbyyoureyes?

   A Asmallregionofthebrain.

   B Thecentralpartofthebrain.

   C Neuronsinthebrain.

   D Oxygen-richblood.

37.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTmeantbythewriter?

   A Cellsinyourbrainarecalledneurons.

   B Themoreoxygenaneuronconsumes,themoreblooditneeds.

   C fMRIhelpsscientiststodiscoverwhichpartsofthebrainprocessinformation.

   D fMRIhelpsscientiststodiscoverhowthebraindevelopsintelligently.

38."Highlightingtheareasofthebrainatwork"means

   A "markingthepartsofthebrainthatareprocessinginformation"

   B "givinglighttothepartsofthebrainthatareprocessinginformation"

   C "puttingthepartsofthebraintowork"

   D "stoppingthepartsofthebrainfromworking"

39.Whatdidtheresearchersexperimenton?

   A Animals,objects,andfruits.

   B Twovolunteers.

   C fMRImachines.

   D Thousandsofpictures.

40.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebestreplacementofthetitle?

   A TheRecentDevelopmentinScienceandTechnology.

   B YourThoughtsCanBeScanned.

   C ATechnologicalDream.

D DevicethatcanHelpYouCalculate.

第三篇             ListeningDeviceProvidesLandslideEarlyWarning

AdevicethatprovidesearlywarningofalandslidebymonitoringvibrationsinsoilisbeingtestedbyUKresearchers.Thedevicecouldsavethousandsofliveseachyearbywarningwhenanareashouldbeevacuated,thescientistssay. Suchnaturaldisastersarccommonincountriesthatexperiencesudden,heavyrainfall,andcanalsobetriggeredbyearthquakesandevenwatererosion.

Landslidesstartwhenafewparticlesofsoilorrockwithinaslopestarttomove,buttheearlystagescanbehardtospot. Followingthisinitialmovement,"slopescanbecomeunstableinamatterofhoursorminutes,"saysNellDixonatSouthboroughUniversity1,UK.Hesaysawarningsystemthatmonitorsthismovement"mightbeenoughtoevacuateablockofflatsorcleararoad,andsavelives."

Themostcommonwaytomonitoraslopeforsignsofanimminentlandslideistowatchforchangesinitsshape.Surveyorscandothisbymeasuringasidedirectly,orsensorssunkintoboreholesorfixedabovegroundcanbeusedtomonitortheshapeofaslope.Slopescan.however,changeshapewithouttriggeringalandslide,soeithermethodispronetocausingfalsealarms.NowDixon'steamhasdevelopedadevicethatlistensforthevibrations'causedwhenparticlesbeginmovingwithinaslope.

Thedevicetakestheformofasteelpipedroppedintoaboreholeinaslope.Theboreholeisfilledinwithgravelaroundthepipetohelptransmithigh-frequencyvibrationsgeneratedbyparticleswithintheslope.Thesevibrationspassupthetubeandarepickedupbyasensoronthesurface.Softwareanalysesthevibrationsignaltodeterminewhetheralandslidemaybeimminent.

Thedeviceiscurrentlybeingtestedina6-metre-tallartificialclayembankmentinNewcastle2,UK.Earlyresultssuggestitshouldprovidefewerfalsepositivesthanexistingsystems.Onceithasbeencarefullyandthoroughlytested,thedevicecouldbeusedtocreateacompleteearly-warningsystemfordangerousSlopes.

"Locationswithasignificantriskoflandslidescoulddefinitelybenefitfromamachinelikethis,"saysAdamPoulter,anexpertattheBritishRedCross."Aslongasitdoesn'tcosttoomuch,"But,Poulteraddsthatanearly-warningsystemmaynotbeenoughonitsown."Youneedtohavethehumancommunication,"hesays."Makingsystemsthatgetwarningstothosewhoneedthemcanbedifficult."

41.Whatdoes"Suchnaturaldisasters"inthefirstparagraphreferto?

  A Sudden,heavyrainfall.

  B Earthquakes.

  C Watererosion.

  D Landslides.

42.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueoflandslides?

  A Theinitialmovementishardtospot.

  B Theystartwithamovementofafewparticlesofsoilorrock.

  C Theycanbedestructiveinamatterofhoursorminutes.

  D Alloftheabove.

43.Whydoresearchersdevelopanewdevicetomonitorsignsoflandsides?

  A Becausethenewdevicecanmeasurethesitedirectly.

  B Becausethenewdevicecanbesunkintoboreholesorfixedaboveground.

  C Becausethecommonmethods.cancausefalsealarms.

  D Becausethecommonmethodsareuseless.

44.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueofthedevice,accordingtoParagraph4?

   A Itisfille