代词.docx
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代词
It的用法
1.作人称代词
JohnlikesplayingPingpong./Healwaysdoesitintheafternoon.(指代上下文提到的事物);/ It'stimewewenthome./Howfarisitfromheretoyourhome?
/Itisgettingwarmerandwarmer./It'sveryquietatthemoment.(可指时间、天气、环境等)
2.引导词
A.作形式主语,代替由不定式、动名词或从句表示的真正主语。
It'simportantforustolearnasecondlanguage./It'snousetalkingtohim./It'sknowntoallthattheearthgoesroundthesun.
B.作形式宾语,代替由不定式、动名词或从句表示的真正宾语。
Wefeelitourdutytohelpothers./Hemadeitclearthathewouldleavethecity.
C.强调结构:
Itis(was)+被强调部分+that(或who)…
注意:
在强调结构中,如被强调部分为时间状语或地点状语,其后的连接词也绝不能为when或where,而应用that。
在复习中,一定要注意句式的不同。
ItwasinShanghaithatIboughttheguitar.(that引起强调句)
ItwasShanghaiwhereIboughttheguitar.(where引起定从)
Itwastwelveo'clockwhenwearrivedthere.(when引起时间状语从句)
Itwasattwelveo'clockthatwearrivedthere.(that引起强调句)
3.it,one,that的区别:
作为代词,这三个词的对比使用是高考的热点之一。
NMET2000,23.
---Whydon'twetakealittlebreak?
---Didn'twejusthave__________?
A.it B.that C.one D.this
NMET2001,25.
TheParkersboughtanewhousebut_________willneedalotofworkbeforetheycanmovein.
A.they B.it C.one D.which
one用以指代同类事物中的任一,that特指性强,指代可数与不可数词,而it指代上文提过的同一事物。
不定代词
不定代词种类较多,用法各异,在使用中一定要注意区别。
1、both,either,neither都表两者范围,在句中作主语、宾语、定语,both可用作同位语。
both意为"两者都",either表"两者中任一个",neither表"两者都不"。
2、any,none,all表三者或三者以上范围,any表任何一个、一些(不可数或复数概念,用于否定句、疑问句或条件从句中);none表三者或三者以上中的哪一个都不;表示不可数物中的一点儿也没有;all整个的;所有的(三者或三者以上);所有的(不可数)。
e.g.Thisbookisagoodseller,soyoucanbuyitatanyshopinBeijing./Noneofusare/isperfect./ Allofthevillagewasflooded.
3、noone,nobody,none,nothing:
noone,nobody表没有人,nothing指没有什么事物,none兼指人和物。
none着眼于数量概念。
"特指的人或物一个也没有,一点儿也没有"。
----Howmanypeoplearethereinthehall?
----None.
----whowantstogowithhim?
----Noone(Nobody).
----Whatcanyouseeinthebottle?
----Nothing.
----Isthereanywaterinit?
----None.
4、another,theother,theother+复数名词(或theothers),other(或other+复数名词):
another表三者或三者以上范畴中的任一;与数词连用,表"再有";theother表两者中的另外那个,特指;theother+复数名词(或theothers),另外那些,表示其余所有的人或物,用于特指;others(或other+复数名词)另一些,表余下人或物中的另一些,泛指。
---Idon'tlikethis,showmeanotherone.(NMET2000,16)
Ifyouwanttochangeforadoubleroomyou'llhavetopay_______$15.
A.another B.other C.more D.Each(A)
人称、物主、反身、指示代词
高考重点要求
1.掌握人称代词、物主代词、疑问代词、反身代词、指示代词的基本用法。
2.重点掌握不定代词的指代含义及数的情况,能通过语境准确选取答案。
3.掌握it的基本用法。
一.人称代词
1)分清主格和宾格形式。
eg:
---Iloveyoumorethanher,child./ ---Youmeanmorethan___loveherormorethansheloves____?
A.you;me B.I;you C.you;you D.I;me
2)注意约定俗成的用法。
---Whoisit?
---It'sme. ---I'dliketohavearest. ---Me,too.
3)使用we和you泛指一般人
4)使用she代表国家、船只、月亮、大地等
Chinaisagreatcountry.Shehasalonghistory.
5)并列主语或宾语中顺序是:
you,he(she)andI;we,youandthey
二.物主代词:
名词性物主代词――在句中做主语、宾语、表语、补足语,构成双重所有格:
afriendofmine。
形容词性物主代词――只能起定语作用。
三.反身代词
1)在句中作宾语、表语和同位语;2)单复数的确定;3)在一些语境中的特殊含义。
e.g.I'mnotquitemyselftoday.我今天不大舒服。
/Makeyourselfathome.不要拘礼;请随便吧。
/Don'tgetnervous,helpyourselftowhatyoulike.别紧张,喜欢吃什么就吃什么。
/Haveyouenjoyedyourselftoday?
你今天玩得愉快吗?
四.指示代词
(一)this,that,thesethose
1.在句子中作主语、宾语、表语和定语。
2.this(these)一般指时间和空间上较近的人或物,而that(those)常指时间和空间上较远的人或物。
e.g.Thisisanovelandthatisamagazine.
3.this(these)一般指后面要讲到的事物,而that(those)常指前面讲到的事物。
e.g.Whathetoldmeisthis:
hewantedtogotoBeijing./Hedidn'tcome.Thatiswhyhedidn'tknow.
4.that,those常用来指代前面提到过的某个名词。
e.g.Theoiloutputin1998washigherthanthatof1995.(that代替oiloutput)/ThecarsmadeinJapanarebetterthanthoseinGermany.
(二)such
such引起倒装句,谓语数取决于后面主语的数:
e.gSuchismyanswer./ Suchareourpeople.
做定语,注意和so的区别,尤其是在so…that,such…that句型中。
e.g.Ihaveneverseensuchbeautifulflowers.(复数名词前,so不可)/Ihaveneverseensuchagreatfilm.(也可为sogreatafilm)/ Wehavesuchbeautifulweathertodaythatweshouldgooutforanouting.(不可数词前,不可用so)/Therearesomanypeopleinthehallthatit'shardformetofindhim.(在数量概念的many,much,little,few之前,不可用such)
练习
(一)、代 词
一、强化训练:
1.NewEnglish-ChineseDictionaryhasbeenrepublishedseveraltimes,_____moreuptodatethanthelastedition.
A.any B.everyone C.either D.each
2.Afterpaying1,000dollars_____,you'llallbecomefullmembersofourclub.
A.each B.all C.every D.both
3._____washercrueltythatweallhatedher.
A.It B.What C.That D.Such
4.Maryhasbeenillinbedforaweek.Iwonderifsheis_____betternow.
A.much B.some C.any D.very
5.-Whichofthesetwotieswillyoutake?
-Idon'tlikethese.Doyouhaveany_____?
A.one B.other C.ones D.others
6.I'dratherrideabikeasbikeridinghas_____ofthetroubleoftakingbuses.
A.much B.all C.neither D.none
7.Ineedsomeblueinktodaybutthereis_____athand.
A.not B.nothing C.alittle D.none
8.Ifoundtheverywatchofmine_____Ihadleft_____.
A.where,it B.that,it C.which,one D.where,one
9.Ihaven'tgottimetogetthetickets.Who'sgoingto____?
A.doso B.doit C.buyit D.dothem
10.-JackcertainlyhasahighopinionofSusan. Itcan'tbebetterthan_____ofhim.
A.hers B.she C.that D.her
11.-Shallweintroduce____fire-fightingequipmentfromabroad?
-Goahead,ifnecessary.
A.other B.afewmore C.another D.someother
12.-Howaboutthepriceoftheserefrigerators?
-Theyareequalinpriceto,ifnotcheaperthan,_____attheotherstores.
A.others B.it C.that D.theones
13.-Idislike_____whenotherslaughatmeinpublicorspeakillofmebehind. -SodoI.
A.them B.those C.it D.that
14.-Whichdoyouprefer,classicalmusicorpopmusic?
-_____.Ipreferfolkmusic.
A.Either B.Both C.None D.Neither
15.Whydon'tyoutrustanduseoldTom?
Heisstillasstrongas_____intheteam.
A.nobody B.anybodyelse C.everybody D.somebodyelse
16.-Arethenewmethodstakinganyeffect?
-Yes,_____articlesarestolenfromoursupermarket.
A.few B.more C.some D.none
17.Duringthemeetingayoungmancriedoutsuddenlyandthrewhisnotebookatthechairman,_____broughttheroomtodisorder.
A.it B.andwhich C.andthat D.this
18.I'vejustseennomorethanonecopyofGonewiththeWindinthebookshopopposite.Tom,goandbuy_____back.
A.one B.any C.it D.some
19.-Doyouhave_____athomenow?
-No,westillhavetogetscoresofeggsandsomevegetables.
A.nothing B.everything C.anything D.something
20.Nancyisexpectinganotherbabyandhopes_____willbeaboy.
A.he B.that C.it D.there
21.Surelyit's_____withthebignoseyoumean,not____!
A.he,I B.him,me C.him,I D.he,me
22.Thetemperaturecanfallto-30℃._____is,30°Cbelowfreezingpoint.
A.Which B.It C.That D.This
23.-Theexamwaseasy,wasn'tit?
-Yes,butIdon'tthink_____couldpassit.
A.somebody B.everybody C.anybody D.nobody
24.Cuttheappleintohalvessothatthetwinsmayeachget_____half.
A.every B.each C.another D.either
25._____ofuscandoeverything,butallofuscando_____.
A.None,something B.Some,everything C.Few,something D.Few,nothing
26.-MayIhelpyouwithsomegloves,sir?
-Yes,I'dliketotrythoseblue____.
A.one B.ones C.pair D.two
27.Ofallmyfriends_____willbeabletopersuadeTomtochangehismind.Heissofirmuponit.
A.none B.nobody C.neither D.noone
28.-Ishecontenttoacceptourofferedprice?
-Yes.Hecaresmoreaboutthequality.Moneyis_____tohim.
A.everything B.anything C.nothing D.something
29.Ihavenoideawhichwasbetter,soItook____ofthem.
A.both B.none C.all D.any
30.Youmustn'talwaysdo_____asheasksyoutodo.Hemaybewrongsometimes.
A.anything B.something C.nothing D.everything
31.I'mnopainter,andtome,onepaintingismuchlike.
A.another B.theother C.others D.one
32.Ididn'twanteitherof____hatsandaskedthesalesmantoshowme_____.
A.those,another B.two,theother C.all,theothers D.both,others
33.Thechildrenwerecatchingbutterfliesinthegarden.Somecaughtalot,andotherscaught_atall.
A.nothing B.none C.noone D.neither
34.Thankyouverymuchindeed.That's_____ofyou.
A.kindest B.mostkind C.thekinder D.themostkind
35.Jackisaverylikablefellow,butI'velearnedtotake_____hesayswithagrainofsalt.
A.something B.anything C.nothing D.everything
36.-Iloveyoumorethanher,child. -Youmeanmorethan____loveherormorethansheloves____?
A.you,me B.I,you C.you,you D.I,me
练习
(二)、代 词
二、高考题选:
1.WasitduringtheSecondWorldWar_____hedied?
(MET88)
A.that B.while C.inwhich D.then
2.Is_____necessarytotakeoffourshoeswhenweenterthelab?
(MET88H)
A.everyone B.this C.her D.it
3.Is_____possibletoflytothemooninaspaceship?
(MET88)
A.now B.that C.it D.man
4.HisParentswouldn'tlethimmarryanyone_____familywaspoor.(MET88)
A.ofwhom B.whom C.ofwhose D.whose
5._____leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelight.(MET88)
A.Anyone B.Theperson C.Whoever D.Who
6._____writerisbetterknowninChina,CharclesDickensorMarkTwain?
(MET88)
A.Which B.What C.Either D.Whether
7.---HaveyouseenTomandMary?
---Ihaven'tseen_____ofthem.(MET88)
A.neither B.any C.either D.all
8.Is_____necessarytocompletethedesignbeforeNationalDay?
(MET89)
A.thi