成人学位英语阅读理解专项练习题含详细解析 12.docx

成人学位英语阅读理解专项练习题含详细解析 12.docx

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成人学位英语阅读理解专项练习题含详细解析12

学位英语阅读理解专项提升练习合集

一、阅读理解

Passageone

Theproblemofrobocallshasgottensobadthatmanypeoplenowrefusetopickupcallsfromnumberstheydon’tknow.Bynextyear,halfofthecallswereceivewillbescams（欺诈）.Wearefinallywakinguptotheseverityoftheproblembysupportinganddevelopingagroupoftools,appsandapproachesintendedtopreventscammersfromgettingthrough.Unfortunately,it’stoolittle,toolate.Bythetimethese“solutions”becomewidelyavailable,scammerswillhavemovedontocleverermeans.Inthenearfuture,it’snotjustgoingtobethenumberyouseeonyourscreenthatwillbeindoubt.Soonyouwillalsoquestionwhetherthevoiceyou’rehearingisactuallyreal.

That’sbecausethereareanumberofpowerfulvoicemanipulation（处理）andautomationtechnologiesthatareabouttobecomewidelyavailableforanyonetouse.Atthisyear’sI/OConference,acompanyshowedanewvoicetechnologyabletoproducesuchaconvincinghuman-soundingvoicethatitwasabletospeaktoareceptionistandbookareservationwithoutdetection.

Thesedevelopmentsarelikelytomakeourcurrentproblemswithrobocallsmuchworse.Thereasonthatrobocallsareaheadachehaslesstodowithamountthanprecision.Adecadeofdatabreaches（侵入）ofpersonalinformationhasledtoasituationwherescammerscaneasilylearnyourmother’sname,andfarmore.Armedwiththisknowledge,they’reabletocarryoutindividuallytargetedcampaignstocheatpeople.

Weneedtodealwiththeinsecurenatureofourtelecomnetworks.Phonecarriersandconsumersneedtoworktogethertofindwaysofdeterminingandcommunicatingwhatisreal.Thatmightmeaneitherdevelopingauniformwaytomarkvideosandimages,showingwhenandwhotheyweremadebyorabandoningphonecallsaltogetherandmovingtowardsdata-basedcommunications－usingappslikeFaceTime,whichcanbetiedtoyouridentity.

Credibility（信任）ishardtoearnbuteasytolose,andtheproblemisonlygoingtogetharderfromhereonout.

1.Howdoestheauthorfeelaboutthesolutionstoproblemofrobocalls?

A．Panicked.B．Confused.C．Disappointed.D．Embarrassed.

答案：

C

2.Bytakingtheadvantageofthenewtechnologies,scammerscan______.

A．aimatvictimsprecisely.

B．damagedatabaseseasily.

C．startcampaignsrapidly.

D．spreadinformationwidely.

答案：

A

3.Whatdoesthetextimply?

A．Honestyisthebestpolicy.

B．Technologiescanbedouble-edged.

C．Therearemoresolutionsthanproblems.

D．Credibilityholdsthekeytodevelopment.

答案：

B

4.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

A．WheretheProblemofRobocallsIsRooted.

B．WhoIstoBlamefortheProblemofRobocalls.

C．WhyRobocallsAreAbouttoGetMoreDangerous.

D．HowRobocallsAreAffectingtheWorldofTechnology.

答案：

C

【答案解析】

这是一篇议论文。

文章主要介绍了随着科技的发展，诈骗手段越来越发达且多样化，自动语音电话给人们带来了危害。

【详解】

推理判断题。

根据“Wearefinallywakinguptotheseverityoftheproblembysupportinganddevelopingagroupoftools,appsandapproachesintendedtopreventscammersfromgettingthrough.Unfortunately,it’stoolittle,toolate.（我们最终意识到了这个问题的严重性，于是，我们研发了很多工具、软件和方法，想要阻止诈骗电话。

但不幸的是，这些措施都太晚了，太不足了）”可知，作者对自动语音电话问题的解决方案感到很失望。

故选C项。

【详解】

细节理解题。

根据第三段“Thereasonthatrobocallsareaheadachehaslesstodowithamountthanprecision.（理由就是，自动语音电话让人头疼的原因是它能准确获取受害人的信息）”可知，电信诈骗犯能够利用科技精确地挑选下手对象。

故选A项。

【详解】

推理判断题。

根据第二段“That’sbecausethereareanumberofpowerfulvoicemanipulation（处理）andautomationtechnologiesthatareabouttobecomewidelyavailableforanyonetouse.（那是因为有很多功能强大的声音处理和生成科技，这些可以被任何人广泛地应用）”和第三段“Thesedevelopmentsarelikelytomakeourcurrentproblemswithrobocallsmuchworse.（这些高度发达的科技有可能让目前的诈骗电话问题更严重）”可知，新的声音处理和自动化技术可以给人们带来便利，但同时也给人们带来危害，是一把双刃剑。

故选B项。

【详解】

主旨大意题。

根据文章第一段“Theproblemofrobocallshasgottensobadthatmanypeoplenowrefusetopickupcallsfromnumberstheydon’tknow.（自动语音电话导致的诈骗问题非常严重，以至于很多人拒接陌生号码的电话）”第二段“That’sbecausethereareanumberofpowerfulvoicemanipulation（处理）andautomationtechnologiesthatareabouttobecomewidelyavailableforanyonetouse.（那是因为有很多功能强大的声音处理和生成科技，这些可以被任何人广泛地应用）”和最后一段“Credibility（信任）ishardtoearnbuteasytolose,andtheproblemisonlygoingtogetharderfromhereonout.（信任很难获取，但却很容易失去。

这个问题还会继续存在下去）”可知，全文开篇先提出越来越多人拒接陌生电话的现象，接下来又分析了背后的原因，最后给出了解决方案。

“为什么自动电话会变得更危险?

”最适合作文章标题。

故选C项。

Passagetwo

AustriancompanyTec-Innovationrecentlydisclosedsmartshoesthatusesensorstohelppeoplesufferingfromblindnessorvisiondamagetodetectobstaclesuptofourmetersaway.

KnownasInnoMake,thesmartshoemaybecomeapossiblealternativetothedecades-oldwakingstickthatmillionsofpeopledependontogetaroundassafelyaspossible.ThecurrentlyavailablemodelreliesonsensorstodetectobstaclesandwarmsthewearerviavibrationandanalertsoundedonaBluetooth-linkedsmartphone."Sensorsonthetoeoftheshoedetectobstaclesuptofourmetersaway.Theweareristhenwarnedbyvibrationand/oracoustic（听觉的）signals.Thisworksverywellandisalreadyagreathelptomepersonally,"MarkusRaffer,oneofthefoundersofTec-Innovation,himselfvisuallydamaged,said.

Thatsoundsimpressiveenough,butthecompanyisalreadyworkingonamuchmoreadvancedversionthatcombinescamerasandartificialintelligencetonotonlydetectobstaclesbutalsotheirnature."NotonlyisthewarmingthatIamfacinganobstaclerelevant,butalsotheinformationaboutwhatkindofobstacleIamfacing.Becauseitmakesabigdifferencewhetherit'sawall,acarorastaircase,Rafferclaimed.

Theadvancedsystemisfixinthefrontoftheshoes,inawaterproofanddustproofcase.Itispoweredbyaheavy-dutybatterythatcanlastforuptooneweek,dependingonuse.Thebatterycanbechargedinjustthreehours,usingaUSBcable.

ThenextstepforTec-Innovationistousethedatacollectedbyitssystemtocreateakindofstreetviewnavigationmapforvisuallydamagedpeople.

"Asitcurrentlystands,onlythewearerbenefitsfromthedatatheshoecollectsasheorshewalks.Itwouldbemuchmoresustainableifthisdatacouldalsobemadeavailabletootherpeopleasanavigationaid,"computerscientistFriedrichFraundorferexplained.

1.InnoMakeaimsto

A．collectdataasblindpeoplewalk

B．replacewalkingstickscompletely

C．clearobstaclesinstreetsforblindpeople

D．helpblindpeoplewalkaroundmoresafely

答案：

D

2.WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?

A．ThewaythatInnoMakeworks.

B．ThefunctionofInnoMakeinlife.

C．ThepurposeofdevelopingInnoMake.

D．TheadvantagesofInnoMakeoverothershoes.

答案：

A

3.WhatdoestheauthorwanttoshowwiththeexampleofRaffer?

A．RafferhasbenefitedalotfromInnoMake.

B．Hefacesalotofdifficultiesinhisdailylife.

C．Thecompanywillsurelymakeahugeprofit

D．Raffercaresmoreaboutthenatureofobstacles.

答案：

A

4.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

A．InnoMakeissuretobeanavigationaid.

B．MorewearerswillbenefitfrominnoMake.

C．There'sstillspaceforInnoMaketoimprove.

D．Datashouldbesharedamongmorewearers.

答案：

C

【答案解析】

这是一篇说明文。

主要介绍了奥地利公司研发的一种智能鞋，这种鞋使用传感器可以帮助失明或视力受损的人探测障碍物，并通过连接蓝牙的智能手机发出震动和铃声来警告穿着者。

【详解】

细节理解题。

根据第一段“AustriancompanyTec-Innovationrecentlydisclosedsmartshoesthatusesensorstohelppeoplesufferingfromblindnessorvisiondamagetodetectobstaclesuptofourmetersaway.（奥地利公司TecInnovation最近推出了一种智能鞋，这种鞋使用传感器帮助失明或视力受损的人探测4米以外的障碍物）”以及第二段中“KnownasInnoMake,thesmartshoemaybecomeapossiblealternativetothedecades-oldwakingstickthatmillionsofpeopledependontogetaroundassafelyaspossible.（这款名为InnoMake的智能鞋旨在替代几十年来数百万人赖以安全活动的拐杖）”可知，InnoMake旨在替代拐杖，帮助失明或视力受损的人探测障碍物，让他们更安全的行走，故选D。

【详解】

主旨大意题。

根据第二段“ThecurrentlyavailablemodelreliesonsensorstodetectobstaclesandwarmsthewearerviavibrationandanalertsoundedonaBluetooth-linkedsmartphone."Sensorsonthetoeoftheshoedetectobstaclesuptofourmetersaway.Theweareristhenwarnedbyvibrationand/oracoustic（听觉的）signals.Thisworksverywellandisalreadyagreathelptomepersonally,"MarkusRaffer,oneofthefoundersofTec-Innovation,himselfvisuallydamaged,said.（目前推出的这款鞋子依靠传感器来探测障碍物，并通过连接蓝牙的智能手机发出震动和铃声来警告穿着者。

“鞋头上的传感器探测到四米外的障碍物，然后通过振动和或声音警告穿着者。

这非常有效，对我个人来说已经是一个很大的帮助，”Tec-Innovation公司的创始人之一MarkusRaffer说，他本人也是视力受损者）”可知，这段主要描述了这款鞋子是怎样发挥作用，怎样工作的，故选A。

【详解】

推理判断题。

根据第二段中“"Sensorsonthetoeoftheshoedetectobstaclesuptofourmetersaway.Theweareristhenwarnedbyvibrationand/oracoustic（听觉的）signals.Thisworksverywellandisalreadyagreathelptomepersonally,"MarkusRaffer,oneofthefoundersofTec-Innovation,himselfvisuallydamaged,said.（“鞋头上的传感器探测到四米外的障碍物，然后通过振动和或声音警告穿着者。

这非常有效，对我个人来说已经是一个很大的帮助，”Tec-Innovation公司的创始人之一MarkusRaffer说，他本人也是视力受损者）”可知，作者用Raffer的例子想要表明他从这款智能鞋——InnoMake中，受益很多，故选A。

【详解】

推理判断题。

根据最后一段“"Asitcurrentlystands,onlythewearerbenefitsfromthedatatheshoecollectsasheorshewalks.Itwouldbemuchmoresustainableifthisdatacouldalsobemadeavailabletootherpeopleasanavigationaid,"computerscientistFriedrichFraundorferexplained.（计算机科学家FriedrichFraundorfer解释说：

“从目前的情况来看，只有穿鞋者在走路时才能从鞋子收集的数据中获益。

如果这些数据也能作为导航辅助工具提供给其他人，那就更具可持续性了”）”可知，InnoMake这款鞋子还可以改善，进而让更多人受益，故选C。

Passagethree

Antibioticsaremedicinesusedtotreatinfectionsandtheytargetbacteria,notviruses.Readonforanswerstocommonquestionsabouttheuseofantibiotics.

1Mychildhasareallybadcold.Whywon’tthedoctorprescribeanantibiotic?

Coldsarecausedbyviruses.Antibioticsareusedspecificallyforinfectionscausedbybacteria.Ingeneral,mostcommoncoldsymptomsaremildandyourchildwillgetbetterwithoutusinganymedicines.

2Don’tsomecoldsturnintobacterialinfections?

Sowhywaittostartanantibiotic?

Inmostcases,bacterialinfectionsdonotfollowviralinfections.