10考研英语题.docx

10考研英语题.docx

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10考研英语题

2010年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试（英语一）试题

SectionIUseofEnglish

Directions:

Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword（s）foreachnumberedblankandmark[A],[B],[C]or[D]onANSWERSHEET1.（10points）

In1924American’NationalResearchCouncilsenttoengineerstosuperviseaseriesofindustrialexperimentsatalargetelephone-partsfactorycalledtheHawthornePlantnearChicago.Ithopedtheywouldlearnhowstop-floorlignting__1__workersproductivity.Instead,thestudiesended__2___givingtheirnametothe“Hawthorneeffect”,theextremelyinfluentialideathatthevery___3____tobeingexperimenteduponchangedsubjects’behavior.

Theideaarosebecauseofthe__4____behaviorofthewomenintheHawthorneplant.Accordingto__5____oftheexperiments,theirhourlyoutputrosewhenlightingwasincreased,butalsowhenitwasdimmed.Itdidnot__6____whatwasdoneintheexperiment;___7_sometingwaschanged,productivityrose.A（n）___8___thattheywerebeingexperimenteduponseemedtobe____9___toalterworkers’behavior____10____itself.

Afterseveraldecades,thesamedatawere_11__toeconometrictheanalysis.Hawthorneexperimentshasanothersurprisestore_12__thedescriptionsonrecord,nosystematic_13__wasfoundthatlevelsofproductivitywererelatedtochangesinlighting.

Itturnsoutthatpeculiarwayofconductingtheexperimentsmaybehaveletto__14__interpretationofwhathapped.__15___,lightingwasalwayschangedonaSunday.WhenworkstartedagainonMonday,output__16___rosecomparedwiththepreviousSaturdayand__17__toriseforthenextcoupleofdays.__18__,acomparisonwithdataforweekswhentherewasnoexperimentationshowedthatoutputalwayswentuponMonday,workers__19__tobediligentforthefirstfewdaysoftheweekinanycase,before__20__aplateauandthenslackeningoff.Thissuggeststhatthealleged”Hawthorneeffect“ishardtopindown.

1.[A]affected[B]achieved[C]extracted[D]restored

2.[A]at[B]up[C]with[D]off

3.[A]truth[B]sight[C]act[D]proof

4.[A]controversial[B]perplexing[C]mischievous[D]ambiguous

5.[A]requirements[B]explanations[C]accounts[D]assessments

6.[A]conclude[B]matter[C]indicate[D]work

7.[A]asfaras[B]forfearthat[C]incasethat[D]solongas

8.[A]awareness[B]expectation[C]sentiment[D]illusion

9.[A]suitable[B]excessive[C]enough[D]abundant

10.[A]about[B]for[C]on[D]by

11.[A]compared[B]shown[C]subjected[D]conveyed

12.[A]contraryto[B]consistentwith[C]parallelwith[D]pealliarto

13.[A]evidence[B]guidance[C]implication[D]source

14.[A]disputable[B]enlightening[C]reliable[D]misleading

15.[A]Incontrast[B]Forexample[C]Inconsequence[D]Asusual

16.[A]duly[B]accidentally[C]unpredictably[D]suddenly

17.[A]failed[B]ceased[C]started[D]continued

20.[A]breaking[B]climbing[C]surpassing[D]hiting

SectionIIReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions:

Readthefollowingfourtexts.Answerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosing[A],[B],[C]or[D].MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.（40points）

Text1

OfallthechangesthathavetakenplaceinEnglish-languagenewspapersduringthepastquarter-century,perhapsthemostfar-reachinghasbeentheinexorabledeclineinthescopeandseriousnessoftheirartscoverage.

It isdifficulttothe pointof impossibilityforthe averagereaderunderthe ageof fortyto imagineatimewhenhigh-qualityartscriticismcouldbefoundinmostbig-citynewspapers. Yetaconsiderablenumberof themostsignificantcollectionsof criticismpublishedinthe20thcenturyconsistedinlargepartofnewspaperreviews.Toreadsuchbookstodayistomarvelatthefactthattheirlearnedcontentswereoncedeemedsuitableforpublicationingeneral-circulationdailies.

Weareeven fartherremovedfrom theunfocused newspaperreviewspublishedinEngland betweenthe turn ofthe20thcenturyand theeveofWorldWar Ⅱ,ata  timewhennewsprintwasdirt-cheapandstylishartscriticismwasconsideredanornamenttothepublicationsinwhich itappeared.Inthosefar-offdays,itwastakenforgrantedthatthecriticsof  majorpaperswouldwritein detailandat length about the eventstheycovered.Theirswasaseriousbusiness,andeventhosereviewerswhoworetheirlearninglightly,likeGeorgeBernardShawandErnestNewman,couldbetrustedtoknowwhattheywereabout.Thesemen believed injournalism asacalling, andwereproud to bepublishedinthedailypress.“Sofewauthorshavebrainsenoughorliterarygiftenoughtokeep their ownendupinjournalism,”Newman wrote,“thatI  amtemptedtodefine‘journalism’as‘aterm ofcontemptappliedbywriterswhoare  notreadtowriterswhoare’.”

Unfortunately,thesecriticsarevirtuallyforgotten.NevilleCardus,whowrotefortheManc