届高考大纲英语.docx
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届高考大纲英语
一、语言知识
英语
考核目标与要求
要求考生掌握并能运用英语语音、词汇、语法基础知识以及所学功能意念和话题(见
附录1至附录5),要求词汇量为3500左右。
二、语言运用
1.听力
要求考生能听懂所熟悉话题的简短独白和对话。
考生应能:
(1)理解主旨要义;
(2)获取具体的、事实性信息;
(3)对所听内容做出推断;
(4)理解说话者的意图、观点和态度。
2.阅读
要求考生能读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等,
并能从中获取相关信息。
考生应能:
(1)理解主旨要义;
(2)理解文中具体信息;
(3)根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义;
(4)做出判断和推理;
(5)理解文章的基本结构;
(6)理解作者的意图、观点和态度。
3.写作
要求考生根据提示进行书面表达。
考生应能:
(1)清楚、连贯地传递信息,表达意思;
(2)有效运用所学语言知识。
4.口语
要求考生根据提示进行口头表达。
考生应能:
(1)询问或传递事实性信息,表达意思和想法;
1
(2)做到语音、语调自然;
(3)做到语言运用得体;
(4)使用有效的交际策略。
2
1.基本读音
(1)26个字母的读音
附录1语音项目表
(2)元音字母在重读音节中的读音
(3)元音字母在轻读音节中的读音
(4)元音字母组合在重读音节中的读音
(5)常见的元音字母组合在轻读音节中的读音
(6)辅音字母组合的读音
(7)辅音连缀的读音
(8)成节音的读音
2.重音
(1)单词重音
(2)句子重音
3.读音的变化
(1)连读
(2)失去爆破
(3)弱读
(4)同化
4.语调与节奏
(1)意群与停顿
(2)语调
(3)节奏
5.语音、语调、重音、节奏等在口语交流中的运用
6.朗诵和演讲中的语音技巧
7.主要英语国家的英语语音差异
3
1.名词
(1)可数名词及其单复数
(2)不可数名词
(3)专有名词
(4)名词所有格
2.代词
(1)人称代词
(2)物主代词
(3)反身代词
(4)指示代词
(5)不定代词
(6)疑问代词
3.数词
(1)基数词
(2)序数词
4.介词和介词短语
5.连词
附录2语法项目表
6.形容词(比较级和最高级)
7.副词(比较级和最高级)
8.冠词
9.动词
(1)动词的基本形式
(2)系动词
(3)及物动词和不及物动词
(4)助动词
(5)情态动词
10.时态
(1)一般现在时
(2)一般过去时
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(3)一般将来时
(4)现在进行时
(5)过去进行时
(6)过去将来时
(7)将来进行时
(8)现在完成时
(9)过去完成时
(10)现在完成进行时
11.被动语态
12.非谓语动词
(1)动词不定式
(2)动词的-ing形式
(3)动词的-ed形式
13.构词法
(1)合成法
(2)派生法
(3)转化法
(4)缩写和简写
14.句子种类
(1)陈述句
(2)疑问句
(3)祈使句
(4)感叹句
15.句子成分
(1)主语
(2)谓语
(3)表语
(4)宾语
(5)定语
(6)状语
(7)补语
5
16.简单句的基本句型
17.主谓一致
18.并列复合句
19.主从复合句
(1)宾语从句
(2)状语从句
(3)定语从句
(4)主语从句
(5)表语从句
20.间接引语
21.省略
22.倒装
23.强调
24.虚拟语气
6
附录3功能意念项目表
1.社会交往(SocialCommunications)
(1)问候(Greetings)
(2)介绍(Introduction)
(3)告别(Farewells)
(4)感谢(Thanks)
(5)道歉(Apologies)
(6)邀请(Invitation)
(7)请求允许(Askingforpermission)
(8)祝愿和祝贺(Expressingwishesandcongratulations)
(9)提供帮助(Offeringhelp)
(10)接受和拒绝(Acceptanceandrefusal)
(11)约会(Makingappointments)
(12)打电话(Makingtelephonecalls)
(13)就餐(Havingmeals)
(14)就医(Seeingthedoctor)
(15)购物(Shopping)
(16)问路(Askingtheway)
(17)谈论天气(Talkingaboutweather)
(18)语言交际困难(Languagedifficultiesincommunication)
(19)提醒注意(Reminding)
(20)警告和禁止(Warningandprohibition)
(21)劝告(Advice)
(22)建议(Suggestions)
2.态度(Attitudes)
(23)同意和不同意(Agreementanddisagreement)
(24)喜欢和不喜欢(Likesanddislikes)
(25)肯定和不肯定(Certaintyanduncertainty)
(26)可能和不可能(Possibilityandimpossibility)
(27)能够和不能够(Abilityandinability)
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(28)偏爱和优先选择(Preference)
(29)意愿和打算(Intentionsandplans)
(30)希望和愿望(Hopesandwishes)
(31)表扬和鼓励(Praiseandencouragement)
(32)责备和抱怨(Blameandcomplaint)
(33)冷淡(Indifference)
(34)判断与评价(Judgementandevaluation)
3.情感(Emotions)
(35)高兴(Happiness)
(36)惊奇(Surprise)
(37)忧虑(Worries)
(38)安慰(Reassurance)
(39)满意(Satisfaction)
(40)遗憾(Regret)
(41)同情(Sympathy)
(42)恐惧(Fear)
(43)愤怒(Anger)
4.时间(Time)
(44)时刻(Pointoftime)
(45)时段(Duration)
(46)频度(Frequency)
(47)时序(Sequence)
5.空间(Space)
(48)位置(Position)
(49)方向(Direction)
(50)距离(Distance)
6.存在(Existence)
(51)存在与不存在(ExistenceandNon-existence)
7.特征(Features)
(52)形状(Shape)
(53)颜色(Colour)
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(54)材料(Material)
(55)价格(Price)
(56)规格(Size)
(57)年龄(Age)
8.计量(Measurement)
(58)长度(Length)
(59)宽度(Width)
(60)高度(Height)
(61)数量(Number)
9.比较(Comparison)
(62)同级比较(Equalcomparison)
(63)差别比较(Comparativeandsuperlative)
(64)相似和差别(Similarityanddifference)
10.逻辑关系(Logicalrelations)
(65)原因和结果(Causeandeffect)
(66)目的(Purpose)
11.职业(Occupations)
(67)工作(Jobs)
(68)单位(Employer)
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附录4话题项目表
1.个人情况(Personalinformation)
2.家庭、朋友与周围的人(Family,friendsandpeoplearound)
3.周围的环境(Personalenvironments)
4.日常活动(Dailyroutines)
5.学校生活(Schoollife)
6.兴趣与爱好(Interestsandhobbies)
7.个人感情(Emotions)
8.人际关系(Interpersonalrelationships)
9.计划与愿望(Plansandintentions)
10.节假日活动(Festivals,holidaysandcelebrations)
11.购物(Shopping)
12.饮食(Foodanddrink)
13.健康(Health)
14.天气(Weather)
15.文娱与体育(Entertainmentandsports)
16.旅游和交通(Travelandtransport)
17.语言学习(Languagelearning)
18.自然(Nature)
19.世界与环境(Theworldandtheenvironment)
20.科普知识与现代技术(Popularscienceandmoderntechnology)
21.热点话题(Topicalissues)
22.历史与地理(Historyandgeography)
23.社会(Society)
24.文学与艺术(Literatureandart)
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A
a(an)art
abandonv
abilityn
ablea
abnormala
aboardprep
abolishv
abortionn
aboutad&prep
aboveprep,a&ad
abroadad
abrupta
absencen
absenta
absolutea
absorbv
abstracta&n
absurda
abundanta
abusev
academica&n
academyn
acceleratev
accentn
acceptv
accessn&v
accessiblea
accidentn
附录5词汇表
accommodationn
accompanyv
accomplishv
accountn
accountantn
accumulatev
accuracyn
accuratea
accusev
accustomeda
achev&n
achievev
achievementn
acida
acknowledgev
acquaintancen
acquirev
acquisitionn
acren
acrossprep
actn&v
actionn
activea
activityn
actorn
actressn
actuala
acutea
ADabbr
11
ad=advertisementn
adaptv
adaptationn
addv
addicteda
additionn
addressn
adequatea
adjustv
adjustmentn
administrationn
admirablea
admirev
admissionn
admitv
adolescencen
adolescenta&n
adoptv
adorev
adultn
advancev&n
advantagen
adventuren
advertisev
advertisementn
advicen
advisev
advocatev
affairn
affectv
affectionn
12
affordv
afraida
African
Africana&n
afterad,prep&conj
afternoonn
afterward(s)ad
againad
againstprep
agen
agencyn
agendan
agentn
aggressivea
agoad
agreev
agreementn
agriculturala
agriculturen
aheadad
aidn&v
AIDSn
aimn&v
airn
aircraftn
airlinen
airmailn
airplanen
airportn
airspacen
alarmn&v
albumn
alcoholn
alcoholica&n
algebran
alikead
alivea
allad,a&pron
allergica
alleyn
allocatev
allowv
allowancen
almostad
alonea
alongad&prep
alongsidead
aloudad
alphabetn
alreadyad
alsoad
alternativea
althoughconj
altituden
altogetherad
aluminium
(Amaluminum)n
alwaysad
amv(be)
a.m./am,A.M./AMabbr
amateura
amazev
13
amazinga
ambassadorn
ambassadressn
ambiguousa
ambitionn
ambulancen
American
amongprep
amountn&v
amplea
amusev
amusementn
analysev
analysisn
ancestorn
anchorv&n
ancienta
andconj
anecdoten
angern
anglen
angrya
animaln
anklen
anniversaryn
announcev
annoyv
annuala
anothera&pron
answern&v
antn
Antarctica
antiquen
anxietyn
anxiousa
anypron&a
anybodypron
anyhowad
anyonepron
anythingpron
anywayad
anywheread
apartad&a
apartmentn
apologizev
apologyn
apparenta
appealv&n
appearv
appearancen
appendixn
appetiten
applaudv&n
applen
applicantn
applicationn
applyv
appointv
appointmentn
appreciatev
appreciationn
approachn&v
14
appropriatea
approvaln
approvev
approximatelyad
apronn
arbitrarya
archn
architectn
architecturen
Arctica
arev(be)
arean
arguev
argumentn
arise(arose,arisen)v
arithmeticn
armn&v
armchairn
armyn
aroundad&prep
arrangev
arrangementn
arrestv
arrivaln
arrivev
arrown
artn
articlen
artificiala
artistn
asad,conj&prep
ashn
ashameda
Asian
Asiana&n
asidead
askv
asleepa
aspectn
assessv
assessmentn
assistv
assistancen
assistantn
associatev
associationn
assumev
assumptionn
astonishv
astronautn
astronomern
astronomyn
atprep
athleten
athletica
Atlantica
atmospheren
atomn
attachv
attackv&n
attainv
attemptv&n
15
attendv
attentionn
attituden
attractv
attractionn
attractivea
audiencen
auntn
authentica
authorn
authorityn
automatica
autonomousa
autumnn
availablea
avenuen
averagea&n
avoidv
awake(awoke,awoken)v&a
awardn
awarea
awayad
awesomea
awfula
awkwarda
B
babyn
bachelorn
backgroundn
backward(s)ad
baconn
bacterium(plbacteria)n
bad(worse,worst)a
badmintonn
bagn
baggagen
bakeryn
balancen
balconyn
balln
balletn
balloonn
bamboon
bann&v
bananan
bandn
bandagen
bankn
barn
barbecuen
barbern
barbershopn
barea
bargainn&v
barkv&n
barriern
basen
baseballn
basementn
basica
16
basinn
basisn
basketn
basketballn
batn
bathn
bathev
bathroomn
bathtubn
batteryn
battlen
bayn
BCabbr
be(am,is,are,was,
were,being,been)v
beachn
beann
beancurdn
bear1n
bear2v
beardn
beastn
beat(beat,beaten)v&n
beautifula
beautyn
becauseconj
become(became,become)v
bedn
beddingsn
bedroomn
been
beefn
beern
beforeprep,ad&conj
begv
begin(began,begun)v
behalfn
behavev
behaviour(Ambehavior)n
behindprep&ad
beingn
beliefn
believev
belln
bellyn
belongv
belowprep
beltn
benchn
bend(bent,bent)v
beneathprep
beneficiala
benefitn&v
benta&n
besideprep
besidesprep&ad
betrayv
betweenprep
beyondprep
bicyclen
bidv&n
biga
17
bike=bicyclen
billn
bingon
biochemistryn
biographyn
biologyn
birdn
birthn
birthdayn
birthplacen
biscuitn
bishopn
bitn
bite(bit,bitten)v
bittera
blacka&n
blackboardn
blamen&v
blankn&a
blanketn
bleedv
blessv
blinda
blockn&v
bloodn
blousen
blow(blew,blown)v
bluen&a
boardn&v
boatn
bodyn
boilv
bombn&v
bondn&v
bonen
bonusn
bookn&v
boomn&v
bootn
boothn
bordern
boreda
boringa
borna
borrowv
bossn
botanicala
botanyn
botha&pron
botherv
bottlen
bottomn
bou