届高考大纲英语.docx

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届高考大纲英语.docx

届高考大纲英语

 

一、语言知识

 

英语

 

考核目标与要求

 

要求考生掌握并能运用英语语音、词汇、语法基础知识以及所学功能意念和话题(见

附录1至附录5),要求词汇量为3500左右。

 

二、语言运用

1.听力

要求考生能听懂所熟悉话题的简短独白和对话。

考生应能:

(1)理解主旨要义;

(2)获取具体的、事实性信息;

(3)对所听内容做出推断;

(4)理解说话者的意图、观点和态度。

2.阅读

要求考生能读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等,

并能从中获取相关信息。

考生应能:

(1)理解主旨要义;

(2)理解文中具体信息;

(3)根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义;

(4)做出判断和推理;

(5)理解文章的基本结构;

(6)理解作者的意图、观点和态度。

3.写作

要求考生根据提示进行书面表达。

考生应能:

(1)清楚、连贯地传递信息,表达意思;

(2)有效运用所学语言知识。

4.口语

要求考生根据提示进行口头表达。

考生应能:

(1)询问或传递事实性信息,表达意思和想法;

1

 

(2)做到语音、语调自然;

(3)做到语言运用得体;

(4)使用有效的交际策略。

 

2

 

1.基本读音

(1)26个字母的读音

 

附录1语音项目表

(2)元音字母在重读音节中的读音

(3)元音字母在轻读音节中的读音

(4)元音字母组合在重读音节中的读音

(5)常见的元音字母组合在轻读音节中的读音

(6)辅音字母组合的读音

(7)辅音连缀的读音

(8)成节音的读音

2.重音

(1)单词重音

(2)句子重音

3.读音的变化

(1)连读

(2)失去爆破

(3)弱读

(4)同化

4.语调与节奏

(1)意群与停顿

(2)语调

(3)节奏

5.语音、语调、重音、节奏等在口语交流中的运用

6.朗诵和演讲中的语音技巧

7.主要英语国家的英语语音差异

 

3

 

1.名词

(1)可数名词及其单复数

(2)不可数名词

(3)专有名词

(4)名词所有格

2.代词

(1)人称代词

(2)物主代词

(3)反身代词

(4)指示代词

(5)不定代词

(6)疑问代词

3.数词

(1)基数词

(2)序数词

4.介词和介词短语

5.连词

 

附录2语法项目表

6.形容词(比较级和最高级)

7.副词(比较级和最高级)

8.冠词

9.动词

(1)动词的基本形式

(2)系动词

(3)及物动词和不及物动词

(4)助动词

(5)情态动词

10.时态

(1)一般现在时

(2)一般过去时

 

4

 

(3)一般将来时

(4)现在进行时

(5)过去进行时

(6)过去将来时

(7)将来进行时

(8)现在完成时

(9)过去完成时

(10)现在完成进行时

11.被动语态

12.非谓语动词

(1)动词不定式

(2)动词的-ing形式

(3)动词的-ed形式

13.构词法

(1)合成法

(2)派生法

(3)转化法

(4)缩写和简写

14.句子种类

(1)陈述句

(2)疑问句

(3)祈使句

(4)感叹句

15.句子成分

(1)主语

(2)谓语

(3)表语

(4)宾语

(5)定语

(6)状语

(7)补语

 

5

 

16.简单句的基本句型

17.主谓一致

18.并列复合句

19.主从复合句

(1)宾语从句

(2)状语从句

(3)定语从句

(4)主语从句

(5)表语从句

20.间接引语

21.省略

22.倒装

23.强调

24.虚拟语气

 

6

 

附录3功能意念项目表

 

1.社会交往(SocialCommunications)

(1)问候(Greetings)

(2)介绍(Introduction)

(3)告别(Farewells)

(4)感谢(Thanks)

(5)道歉(Apologies)

(6)邀请(Invitation)

(7)请求允许(Askingforpermission)

(8)祝愿和祝贺(Expressingwishesandcongratulations)

(9)提供帮助(Offeringhelp)

(10)接受和拒绝(Acceptanceandrefusal)

(11)约会(Makingappointments)

(12)打电话(Makingtelephonecalls)

(13)就餐(Havingmeals)

(14)就医(Seeingthedoctor)

(15)购物(Shopping)

(16)问路(Askingtheway)

(17)谈论天气(Talkingaboutweather)

(18)语言交际困难(Languagedifficultiesincommunication)

(19)提醒注意(Reminding)

(20)警告和禁止(Warningandprohibition)

(21)劝告(Advice)

(22)建议(Suggestions)

2.态度(Attitudes)

(23)同意和不同意(Agreementanddisagreement)

(24)喜欢和不喜欢(Likesanddislikes)

(25)肯定和不肯定(Certaintyanduncertainty)

(26)可能和不可能(Possibilityandimpossibility)

(27)能够和不能够(Abilityandinability)

 

7

 

(28)偏爱和优先选择(Preference)

(29)意愿和打算(Intentionsandplans)

(30)希望和愿望(Hopesandwishes)

(31)表扬和鼓励(Praiseandencouragement)

(32)责备和抱怨(Blameandcomplaint)

(33)冷淡(Indifference)

(34)判断与评价(Judgementandevaluation)

3.情感(Emotions)

(35)高兴(Happiness)

(36)惊奇(Surprise)

(37)忧虑(Worries)

(38)安慰(Reassurance)

(39)满意(Satisfaction)

(40)遗憾(Regret)

(41)同情(Sympathy)

(42)恐惧(Fear)

(43)愤怒(Anger)

4.时间(Time)

(44)时刻(Pointoftime)

(45)时段(Duration)

(46)频度(Frequency)

(47)时序(Sequence)

5.空间(Space)

(48)位置(Position)

(49)方向(Direction)

(50)距离(Distance)

6.存在(Existence)

(51)存在与不存在(ExistenceandNon-existence)

7.特征(Features)

(52)形状(Shape)

(53)颜色(Colour)

 

8

 

(54)材料(Material)

(55)价格(Price)

(56)规格(Size)

(57)年龄(Age)

8.计量(Measurement)

(58)长度(Length)

(59)宽度(Width)

(60)高度(Height)

(61)数量(Number)

9.比较(Comparison)

(62)同级比较(Equalcomparison)

(63)差别比较(Comparativeandsuperlative)

(64)相似和差别(Similarityanddifference)

10.逻辑关系(Logicalrelations)

(65)原因和结果(Causeandeffect)

(66)目的(Purpose)

11.职业(Occupations)

(67)工作(Jobs)

(68)单位(Employer)

 

9

 

附录4话题项目表

 

1.个人情况(Personalinformation)

2.家庭、朋友与周围的人(Family,friendsandpeoplearound)

3.周围的环境(Personalenvironments)

4.日常活动(Dailyroutines)

5.学校生活(Schoollife)

6.兴趣与爱好(Interestsandhobbies)

7.个人感情(Emotions)

8.人际关系(Interpersonalrelationships)

9.计划与愿望(Plansandintentions)

10.节假日活动(Festivals,holidaysandcelebrations)

11.购物(Shopping)

12.饮食(Foodanddrink)

13.健康(Health)

14.天气(Weather)

15.文娱与体育(Entertainmentandsports)

16.旅游和交通(Travelandtransport)

17.语言学习(Languagelearning)

18.自然(Nature)

19.世界与环境(Theworldandtheenvironment)

20.科普知识与现代技术(Popularscienceandmoderntechnology)

21.热点话题(Topicalissues)

22.历史与地理(Historyandgeography)

23.社会(Society)

24.文学与艺术(Literatureandart)

 

10

 

A

a(an)art

abandonv

abilityn

ablea

abnormala

aboardprep

abolishv

abortionn

aboutad&prep

aboveprep,a&ad

abroadad

abrupta

absencen

absenta

absolutea

absorbv

abstracta&n

absurda

abundanta

abusev

academica&n

academyn

acceleratev

accentn

acceptv

accessn&v

accessiblea

accidentn

 

附录5词汇表

 

accommodationn

accompanyv

accomplishv

accountn

accountantn

accumulatev

accuracyn

accuratea

accusev

accustomeda

achev&n

achievev

achievementn

acida

acknowledgev

acquaintancen

acquirev

acquisitionn

acren

acrossprep

actn&v

actionn

activea

activityn

actorn

actressn

actuala

acutea

ADabbr

 

11

 

ad=advertisementn

adaptv

adaptationn

addv

addicteda

additionn

addressn

adequatea

adjustv

adjustmentn

administrationn

admirablea

admirev

admissionn

admitv

adolescencen

adolescenta&n

adoptv

adorev

adultn

advancev&n

advantagen

adventuren

advertisev

advertisementn

advicen

advisev

advocatev

affairn

affectv

affectionn

 

12

 

affordv

afraida

African

Africana&n

afterad,prep&conj

afternoonn

afterward(s)ad

againad

againstprep

agen

agencyn

agendan

agentn

aggressivea

agoad

agreev

agreementn

agriculturala

agriculturen

aheadad

aidn&v

AIDSn

aimn&v

airn

aircraftn

airlinen

airmailn

airplanen

airportn

airspacen

alarmn&v

 

albumn

alcoholn

alcoholica&n

algebran

alikead

alivea

allad,a&pron

allergica

alleyn

allocatev

allowv

allowancen

almostad

alonea

alongad&prep

alongsidead

aloudad

alphabetn

alreadyad

alsoad

alternativea

althoughconj

altituden

altogetherad

aluminium

(Amaluminum)n

alwaysad

amv(be)

a.m./am,A.M./AMabbr

amateura

amazev

 

13

 

amazinga

ambassadorn

ambassadressn

ambiguousa

ambitionn

ambulancen

American

amongprep

amountn&v

amplea

amusev

amusementn

analysev

analysisn

ancestorn

anchorv&n

ancienta

andconj

anecdoten

angern

anglen

angrya

animaln

anklen

anniversaryn

announcev

annoyv

annuala

anothera&pron

answern&v

antn

 

Antarctica

antiquen

anxietyn

anxiousa

anypron&a

anybodypron

anyhowad

anyonepron

anythingpron

anywayad

anywheread

apartad&a

apartmentn

apologizev

apologyn

apparenta

appealv&n

appearv

appearancen

appendixn

appetiten

applaudv&n

applen

applicantn

applicationn

applyv

appointv

appointmentn

appreciatev

appreciationn

approachn&v

 

14

 

appropriatea

approvaln

approvev

approximatelyad

apronn

arbitrarya

archn

architectn

architecturen

Arctica

arev(be)

arean

arguev

argumentn

arise(arose,arisen)v

arithmeticn

armn&v

armchairn

armyn

aroundad&prep

arrangev

arrangementn

arrestv

arrivaln

arrivev

arrown

artn

articlen

artificiala

artistn

asad,conj&prep

 

ashn

ashameda

Asian

Asiana&n

asidead

askv

asleepa

aspectn

assessv

assessmentn

assistv

assistancen

assistantn

associatev

associationn

assumev

assumptionn

astonishv

astronautn

astronomern

astronomyn

atprep

athleten

athletica

Atlantica

atmospheren

atomn

attachv

attackv&n

attainv

attemptv&n

 

15

 

attendv

attentionn

attituden

attractv

attractionn

attractivea

audiencen

auntn

authentica

authorn

authorityn

automatica

autonomousa

autumnn

availablea

avenuen

averagea&n

avoidv

awake(awoke,awoken)v&a

awardn

awarea

awayad

awesomea

awfula

awkwarda

 

B

babyn

bachelorn

 

backgroundn

 

backward(s)ad

baconn

bacterium(plbacteria)n

bad(worse,worst)a

badmintonn

bagn

baggagen

bakeryn

balancen

balconyn

balln

balletn

balloonn

bamboon

bann&v

bananan

bandn

bandagen

bankn

barn

barbecuen

barbern

barbershopn

barea

bargainn&v

barkv&n

barriern

basen

baseballn

basementn

basica

 

16

 

basinn

basisn

basketn

basketballn

batn

bathn

bathev

bathroomn

bathtubn

batteryn

battlen

bayn

BCabbr

be(am,is,are,was,

were,being,been)v

beachn

beann

beancurdn

bear1n

bear2v

beardn

beastn

beat(beat,beaten)v&n

beautifula

beautyn

becauseconj

become(became,become)v

bedn

beddingsn

bedroomn

been

 

beefn

beern

beforeprep,ad&conj

begv

begin(began,begun)v

behalfn

behavev

behaviour(Ambehavior)n

behindprep&ad

beingn

beliefn

believev

belln

bellyn

belongv

belowprep

beltn

benchn

bend(bent,bent)v

beneathprep

beneficiala

benefitn&v

benta&n

besideprep

besidesprep&ad

betrayv

betweenprep

beyondprep

bicyclen

bidv&n

biga

 

17

 

bike=bicyclen

billn

bingon

biochemistryn

biographyn

biologyn

birdn

birthn

birthdayn

birthplacen

biscuitn

bishopn

bitn

bite(bit,bitten)v

bittera

blacka&n

blackboardn

blamen&v

blankn&a

blanketn

bleedv

blessv

blinda

blockn&v

bloodn

blousen

blow(blew,blown)v

bluen&a

boardn&v

boatn

bodyn

 

boilv

bombn&v

bondn&v

bonen

bonusn

bookn&v

boomn&v

bootn

boothn

bordern

boreda

boringa

borna

borrowv

bossn

botanicala

botanyn

botha&pron

botherv

bottlen

bottomn

bou

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