高一英语必修一基础练习.docx
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高一英语必修一基础练习
SectionⅠ WarmingUpandReading
基础夯实
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Istudied________（财经）whenIwasincollege.
2．Huge________（金额）havebeeninvestedinthisproject.
3．Itisa________（逻辑）ideafromachild'spointofview.
4．The________（人造的）flowersweremadeofpaperandcloth.
5．________（就个人而言）speaking,I'minfavourofthescheme.
6．Thetheoryis________（简化）tomakeiteasiertounderstand.
7．Thehouselooksveryold,butin________（现实）it'squitenew.
8．Sofar,wehavereceived400________（申请）forthejob.
9．Heisan________（有才智的）boy,butheisveryunsureofhimself.
10．Iameagerto________（探索）thesecretsofspace.
答案
1．finance 2.sums 3.logical 4.artificial 5.Personally
6．simplified 7.reality 8.applications 9.intelligent
10．explore
Ⅱ.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
1．Friendshipisa（n）____________（universe）keytoopeneveryone'sheart.
2．Ihopeyouwillenjoythebookandfindideasinitto________（simple）yourlife.
3．Hello,________（operate）?
CouldyouputmethroughtoRoom31?
4．Humanbeingsarethemostintelligentofallanimalsbecausewehavetheabilitytothinkandreason________（logical）．
5．Thesoftwarecanbechangedbythe____________（apply）programme.
6．Thereisadifferencebetweenwisdomand________（intelligent）.Apersonmayhaveonewithouttheother.
7．Hisdreamofopeningarestaurantbecamea（n）________（real）in1994.
8．Hedreamedofgoingtoworkinhisown________（person）company.
9．Icannot________（total）agreewithyou,butIthinkwhatyousaidjustnowispartlyreasonable.
10．Ithink________（happy）dependsonourattitudestolife.
答案
1．universal 2.simplify 3.operator 4.logically
5．application 6.intelligence 7.reality 8.personal
9．totally 10.happiness
Ⅲ.单项填空
1．Astimewent________，shebecamemoreandmoreinterestedinEnglish.
A．byB．down
C．upD．off
[解析] goby“走过；经过；流逝”；godown“下去；下降”；goup“上升；上涨；被建造起来”；gooff“离去；去世；消失；断掉”。
句意：
随着时间的流逝，她对英语越来越感兴趣。
故选A项。
[答案] A
2．Sheis________thatweallwanttomakefriendswithher.
A．asuchkindgirlB．suchkindagirl
C．sokindgirlD．sokindagirl
[解析] so＋形容词＋a/an＋单数名词；sucha/an＋形容词＋单数名词。
[答案] D
3．Hewas________blindasaresultofthetrafficaccident.
A．totalB．totally
C．completeD．whole
[解析] 句意：
因为一起交通事故，他双目完全失明了。
修饰形容词要用副词，故只有B项符合句意。
[答案] B
4．________theheavysnow,hewaslateforschool.
A．AsaresultofB．Afterall
C．AnywayD．Otherwise
[解析] asaresultof由于……，作为……的结果；afterall毕竟，终究；anyway无论如何，不管怎样；otherwise否则。
句意：
由于大雪的原因，他上学迟到了。
由句意可知，A项符合句意。
[答案] A
5．Ifyoustudyhard________，youwillpasstheNationalMatriculationEnglishTest.
A．fromthenonB．fromnowon
C．sincethenD．fromtimetotime
[解析] fromthenon从那时起；fromnowon从现在起；sincethen从那时以来，一般用于完成时；fromtimetotime不时地。
句意：
如果你从现在起努力学习，你会通过全国高考英语测试。
故选B项。
[答案] B
6．Asnobodyhereknowswhatiswrongwiththemachine,wemustsendforanengineerto________theproblem.
A．solveB．settle
C．presentD．simplify
[解析] 句意：
因为这里没有人知道这台机器出了什么故障，我们必须派人去请一位工程师来解决这一问题。
settle“解决”，其宾语是表示“争端”一类的名词；present“代表；呈现”；simplify“简化”。
[答案] A
7．Hisincomewas$100,000________lastyear.
A．incaseB．intotal
C．incommonD．inparticular
[解析] incase以防；intotal总共，共计；incommon共有；inparticular特别地。
句意：
他去年的收入总共为100,000美元。
故选B项。
[答案] B
8．________dayswenton,theweathergotcolderandcolder.
A．WithB．Since
C．WhileD．As
[解析] 句意：
随着时间的推移，天气越来越冷了。
因第一句为完整的句子，故排除A项，因为with为介词，不能引导句子；since“既然；自从……以来”；while“当……时候”，都不符合句意，故排除。
[答案] D
9．Youmaynotagree,but________Ithinksheisaverygoodgirl.
A．generallyB．personally
C．logicallyD．universally
[解析] 句意：
你可能不同意（我的看法），但就我而言，我认为她是个很好的姑娘。
generally一般地；普遍地；personally就个人而言；亲自；logically逻辑上；有条理地；universally普遍地；通用地。
[答案] B
10．Assoonaswearrivedontheisland,wewereeagerto________it.
A．explodeB．exploit
C．exportD．explore
[解析] 句意：
我们一到达岛屿，就急切地勘探起来。
explode爆炸；exploit剥削；榨取；利用；export出口；输出；explore勘探；探测；探究；讨论。
[答案] D
11．Theyacceptedmy________tojointheclub,soIwasverydelighted.
A．appearanceB．appointment
C．applicationD．appreciation
[解析] 句意：
他们接受了我申请加入俱乐部（的要求），所以我很高兴。
appearance出现；外观；外表；appointment约会；约定；任命；application申请（表）；应用；appreciation欣赏；鉴赏；赏识。
[答案] C
12．I'msorryyou'vebeenwaitingsolong,butit'llstillbesometime________Briangetsback.
A．beforeB．since
C．tillD．after
[解析] Itwillbe＋一段时间＋before...“要过多久才……”，固定句型。
故选A项。
[答案] A
13．Ifyou________yourselftothetextbook,you'llfindthequestionisnomoredifficult.
A．absorbB．apply
C．interestD．appeal
[解析] absorb吸引；interest使产生兴趣，引起……的注意；appeal呼吁；有吸引力；上诉；applyoneselfto专心从事……；致力于……。
句意：
如果你专心于你的课本，你会发现问题并不难。
[答案] B
14．Toachievethis________，youmusthaveambition,andneedgreateffortslikewise.
A．destinationB．result
C．goalD．end
[解析] 句意：
为了实现这个目标，你必须有雄心壮志，还要十分努力。
goal目标。
destination目的地；result结果；end末尾，终结。
[答案] C
15．The________iswrongbutIcan'tseewhereIwentwrong.
A．wholeB．sum
C．quantityD．sums
[解析] 此题考查名词辨析。
句意：
总数错了，可是我看不出哪里算错了。
sum总数。
whole全部，整体；quantity量，数量；sums算术。
[答案] B
能力提升
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Computersmightnotbecleverenoughtotrickadultsintothinkingtheyareintelligentyet,butanewstudy,ledbyJavierMovellanattheUniversityofCaliforniaSanDiego,showsthatagiggling（咯咯笑的）robotiscleverenoughtogettoddlers（初学走路者）totreatitasapeer.
Theresearchersstationeda2 foot tallrobotcalledQRIOinaclassroomofadozentoddlersagedbetween18monthsandtwoyears.QRIOstayedinthemiddleoftheroomusingitssensors（传感器）toavoidbumping（碰撞）intothekids.Itwasprogrammedtogigglewhenthekidstoucheditshead,tooccasionallysitdown,andtoliedownwhenitsbatteriesdied.
“Weexpectedthatafterafewhours,themagicwasgoingtodisappear.”Movellansays.“That'swhatwasfoundwithearlierrobots.”But,infact,thekidsremainedinterestedintherobotoverseveralweeks,eventuallycommunicatingwithQRIOinmuchthesamewaytheydidwithothertoddlers.
Theresearchersmeasuredtherelationshipbetweenthechildrenandtherobotinseveralways.Firstly,aswithothertoddlers,theytouchedQRIOmostlyonthearmsandhands,ratherthanonthefaceorlegs.Forthisagegroup,“theamountoftouchingisagoodpredictorofhowyouaredoingasasocialbeing.”Movellansays.
Thechildrenhelpedtherobotupwhenitfell,andwhenQRIO'sbatteriesranoutanditlaydown,atoddlerwouldcomeupandcoveritwithablanketandsay“night，night”.However,whenQRIOwasprogrammedtospendallitstimedancing,thekidsquicklylostinterest.Whentherobotwentbacktoitsoldself,thekidstreateditlikeapeeragain.
“Thestudyshowsthatcurrenttechnologyisveryclosetobeingabletoproducerobotsabletodevelopaspecialrelationshipwithtoddlers.”saysMovellan.But,headds,itisnotclearyetwhetherrobotscaninterestolderchildrenoradultsinthesameway.
1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stationed”inParagraph2probablymean?
A．Hid.B．Observed.
C．Placed.D．Named.
2．Atthebeginningoftheexperiment,researchers________.
A．fearedthattherobotwouldharmthetoddlers
B．programmedtherobottomovefreelyabouttheclassroom
C．expectedtherobottocommunicatewiththetoddlers
D．thoughtthetoddlers'interestintherobotwouldn'tlastlong
3．Kidsagedbetween18monthsandtwoyearsbehaveassocialbeingsby________.
A．gigglingB．touching
C．toddlingD．dancing
4．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?
A．GigglingRobotBecomesaKid
B．GigglingRobotUsedasaClassroomAssistant
C．GigglingRobotMakesKidsMoreActiveinClass
D．GigglingRobotAttractsMoreAttentionfromKids
答案与解析
1．C词义猜测题。
根据第二段内容可知，这个会咯咯笑的机器人和一群18个月到2岁大的孩子一起在一间教室里，由此可以推断是被“放置”在教室里的。
2．D推理判断题。
根据第三段的“Weexpectedthatafterafewhours，themagicwasgoingtodisappear”可知，研究者开始时以为像以往进行的实验那样，机器人对孩子们的吸引力很快就会消失，而这次的实验却发现过了几个星期，孩子们还是喜欢这个机器人，并且把它当成了他们中的一员。
3．B细节理解题。
根据文章第四段最后穆沃兰所说的话可知，初学走路的孩子们是通过触摸来显示自己是社会性的。
4．D主旨大意题。
文章的重点是指出，会咯咯笑的机器对孩子的吸引力更大。
B
Whatcomesintoyourmindwhenyouthinkaboutrobots?
Doyouimaginearmiesofevil（邪恶的）metalmonsters（怪物）planningtotakeovertheworld?
Or,perhapsofmechanical（机械的）menwhohavebeencreatedasguardsorsoldiersbyamadgenius?
Or,maybeyouthinkofman likerobotswhoact,think,andlooklikehumanbeings?
Infactrobotslikethesehavemoretodowithsciencefictionfilmsthanwithreallife.Intherealworldrobotsaremachinesthatdojobswhichotherwisehavetobedonebypeople.Robotseitheroperatebythemselvesorunderthecontrolofaperson.
Inacarfactory,forexample,robotmachinerycanputtogetherandpaintcarbodies.Ontheseabedremotecontrolled（遥控）underwatermachineswithmechanicalarmscanperformtaskstoodifficultfordivers.Robotspacecraftcanexplorethesolarsystemandsendbackinformationaboutplanetsandstars.
Manyrobotshavecomputerbrains.Somerobotsarefittedwithcameras,sensors,andmicrophoneswhichenablethemtosee,tofeel,andtohear.Andsomerobotscanevenproduceelectronicspeech.
Allthisdoesnotmeanthatarobotcanthinkandbehavelikeahumanbeing.Presentdayrobotshavetobeprogrammedwithagooddealofinformationbeforetheycancarryoutevensimpletasks.
5．Robotsinreallife________.
A．canbehavelikehumanbeings
B．havetheabilitytocontroltheworld
C．canthinkbythemselves
D．canhelpuswithalotofwork
6．Accordingtothispassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutrobotsintherealworld?
A．Somerobotsareascreativeasartists.
B．Somerobotscanhelpmakecars.
C．Somerobotscanseeandhear.
D．Somerobotscanexploretheouterspace.
7．Robotscanperformmanytasksformanbecause________.
A．theyhaveintelligence
B．theyaresuppliedwithcomputerprogrammes
C．theycanimitatehumanbeings
D．theyhavetheabilitytolearnnewthings
8．Therobotsins
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