考点04 阅读理解议论文及夹叙夹议文解析版.docx

考点04 阅读理解议论文及夹叙夹议文解析版.docx

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考点04阅读理解议论文及夹叙夹议文解析版

考点04阅读理解议论文及夹叙夹议文

Passage1（2021·北京石景山区·高三一模）

Nowadays,videogaminghasmadeimpressivegainsinthefieldofstandardizedcompetition.Oneofthefashionabledebatesiswhethercompetitivevideogamesaresportsornot.Ifcyberathletesarecompetingagainstformalteamsinaformalenvironment,withrealtitlesandmonetarystakesontheline,itseemsstrangenottoconsidertheactivityasport.However,unlesssomethingtechnologicallyoddgainscompletecontroloverourworldinthenextfewdecades,theynevershouldbe.CyberathletesandeSportsaren’tincomparabletotraditionalathletesandsportsbecausetheyrequirelessphysicalexertionordedication.Theyareincomparablebecausetheyaredifferentfromtraditionalsportsinanumberofways.

Traditionalsportsaresteadfast,andconsistentintheirstructuresandmechanics.AprofessionalAmericanfootballplayerfromanypastdecadecouldbetransplantedintoacurrentfootballfield,andwouldonlyhavetobetoldofafewminorrulechanges.Theplayerwouldknowwhattodo,wheretogo,andhowtoaccomplishtheultimategoal.Hemayneedtolearnafewnewplays,butit’sfundamentallythesamegame.However,competitivevideogaminghasavarietyofgoals,andthosegoalsarefluidanddynamic.Acompetitivevideogamerfromdecadespastmightbeawareofthefinalgoal（winningthegame,capturingtheflag,eliminatingtheopposingteam,etc.）,buttheexecution（执行方式）wouldbecompletelyforeign.Controlschange,mapschange,locationschange,eventheminuterulesareadjustedonaregularbasis.Asacompetitivevideogamer,oneneedstoadapttoamuchmoreaggressiverulesetthanmostsportsorothergames.Thereforethevideogamecompetitionsarelesslikelytobeproperlyregulated.

MosttraditionalsportsareapproachablebyEveryman,eventheesoteric（深奥的）ones,atleastinaneducationalsetting,wherebudgetsandfundingaresetforthem.Whilehomecomputersarewidelyaccessible,alargepercentageofthegamingpopulationisunabletoparticipateincompetitivegamingduetothehigh-standardcomputingrequirements.Evendecade-oldcompetitivegameslikeCounter-Strike1.6requiremoreequipmentandgearthanmosttraditionalsports.Apick-upgameofbasketball,football,orsoccerisfarmoreaccessiblethanapick-upgameofCounter-Strike.

Traditionalsportsareembeddedinourcultureforgoodreasons:

theyofferanentertainingdiversionandagreatformofphysicalactivityformillionsofworldwidefans.Theprinciplesandlessonsgleanedfromtraditionalsportsemphasizeteamwork,collaboration,andcriticalevaluationsofanygivengamesetting.Whilemanyoftheselessonsareapplicabletocompetitivegaming,competitivevideogamersarestilldistancingthemselvesfromcompetingfor“sport”status,whentheirpastimeandtradeissofundamentallydifferentandever-changingatsucharegularpace.

1．Whatistheauthor’sopiniontowardscompetitivevideogames?

A．Theycanbeseenassportsduetotheiremphasisonteamwork.

B．Theycanbeseenassportsduetotheirstandardizedregulations.

C．Theycannotbeseenassportsduetotheirlackofphysicalandmentalefforts.

D．Theycannotbeseenassportsduetotheinconsistentrulesandhighrequirements.

2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“foreign”inParagraph2probablymean?

A．Difficult.B．Common.C．Typical.D．Different.

3．WhydoestheauthormentionCounter-StrikeinParagraph3?

A．ToexplainthereasonwhyeSportssurpasstraditionalsports.

B．Toexplorethepossibilitythatcompetitivevideogameswillbesports.

C．ToprovideanexampleofthedifferencebetweeneSportsandtraditionalsports.

D．Toaccountforthefactthatthecompetitivefeaturesofvideogamesareimpressive.

4．Howdoestheauthordevelophisidea?

A．Byquotingandciting.

B．Bylistingandanalyzing.

C．Bycomparisonandcontrast.

D．Byexplainingandevaluating.

【答案】

1．D2．D3．C4．C

【分析】本文是一篇议论文。

文章作者通过将传统体育运动和电子竞技进行比较和对比，来论证电子竞技游戏不能被视作运动的观点。

1．推理判断题。

根据文章第二段“Asacompetitivevideogamer,oneneedstoadapttoamuchmoreaggressiverulesetthanmostsportsorothergames.Thereforethevideogamecompetitionsarelesslikelytobeproperlyregulated.（作为一名有竞争力的电子游戏玩家，你需要适应比大多数运动或其他游戏更具侵略性的规则。

因此，电子游戏竞赛不太可能得到适当的监管。

）”以及第三段“Whilehomecomputersarewidelyaccessible,alargepercentageofthegamingpopulationisunabletoparticipateincompetitivegamingduetothehigh-standardcomputingrequirements.（虽然家用电脑随处可见，但由于对电脑的高标准要求，很大一部分游戏玩家无法参与竞争性游戏。

）”可推断，作者认为竞争性电子游戏由于规则不一致，要求高，不能被视为运动。

故选D项。

2．词义猜测题。

根据前文“AprofessionalAmericanfootballplayerfromanypastdecadecouldbetransplantedintoacurrentfootballfield,andwouldonlyhavetobetoldofafewminorrulechanges.Theplayerwouldknowwhattodo,wheretogo,andhowtoaccomplishtheultimategoal.Hemayneedtolearnafewnewplays,butit’sfundamentallythesamegame.However,competitivevideogaminghasavarietyofgoals,andthosegoalsarefluidanddynamic.（过去任何一个十年的职业美国橄榄球运动员都可以被移植到现在的足球场上，而且只需要被告知一些小的规则变化。

玩家将知道该做什么，去哪里以及如何完成最终目标。

他可能需要学习一些新玩法，但游戏本质上是一样的。

然而，竞争性电子游戏有各种各样的目标，而且这些目标是动态的。

）”可知，电子竞技玩家操作对于传统的体育运动是不同的，所以foreign是“不同的”之意。

故选D项。

3．推理判断题。

根据文章第三段“MosttraditionalsportsareapproachablebyEveryman,eventheesoteric（深奥的）ones,atleastinaneducationalsetting,wherebudgetsandfundingaresetforthem.Whilehomecomputersarewidelyaccessible,alargepercentageofthegamingpopulationisunabletoparticipateincompetitivegamingduetothehigh-standardcomputingrequirements.（大多数传统体育项目，即使是那些晦涩难懂的项目，至少在有预算和资金支持的教育背景下，普通人都能接受。

虽然家用电脑随处可见，但由于对电脑的高标准要求，很大一部分游戏玩家无法参与竞争性游戏。

）”以及接下来以《反恐精英》举例即使是像《反恐精英1.6》这样有10年历史的竞技游戏也需要比大多数传统运动更多的装备和装备。

篮球、足球或足球的临时游戏比《反恐精英》的临时游戏更容易上手。

因此推断作者在第三段中提到《反恐精英》是为了举例说明电子竞技和传统体育的区别。

故选C项。

4．推理判断题。

根据文章第一段“CyberathletesandeSportsaren’tincomparabletotraditionalathletesandsportsbecausetheyrequirelessphysicalexertionordedication.Theyareincomparablebecausetheyaredifferentfromtraditionalsportsinanumberofways.（电子竞技者和电子竞技与传统运动员和体育项目并不是不可比拟的，因为它们需要的体力和投入较少。

它们是无可比拟的，因为它们与传统体育在很多方面不同。

）”；第二段“Traditionalsportsaresteadfast,andconsistentintheirstructuresandmechanics.（传统的体育运动在结构和力学上是坚定的，一致的。

）”以及第三段“MosttraditionalsportsareapproachablebyEveryman,eventheesoteric（深奥的）ones,atleastinaneducationalsetting,wherebudgetsandfundingaresetforthem.（大多数传统体育项目，即使是那些晦涩难懂的项目，至少在有预算和资金支持的教育背景下，普通人都能接受。

）”可推断，作者通过比较和对比来论证他的观点。

故选C项。

Passage2（2021·天津红桥区·高三一模）

Lackisamatterofpreparationmeetingopportunity,"saidtheAmericantalkshowhostOprahWinfrey.I'veneverwatchedhershow,butwhenaself-madebillionairegiveslifeadviceit'sprobablyworthlisteningto.

Herpointisthatblindluckisveryrare.Youmayhavetobeluckytofindagoodjobthesedaysbutthatdoesnotmeanyoushouldsitathomewaitingfortheopportunitytocometoyou.Ifyou'reaChinese,youmayalreadybefamiliarwiththetaleofafarmerwaitingbyatreestump（树桩）forarabbittorunoutandbreakitsneck.

RichardWiseman,theUKpsychologist,conductedanexperimentaspartofhisstudies.Firsthedividedvolunteersintotwogroups:

thosewhosaidtheywereluckyinlifeandthosewhosaidtheywerenot.Hegaveeveryoneanewspaperandaskedthemtolookthroughittocounthowmanyphotographsithadinside.Onaverage,theunluckypeopletookabouttwominutestocountthephotographswhiletheluckypeopletookjustseconds.Why?

Onthesecondpageofthenewspaper,acommand,"StopcountingThereare43photographsinthisnewspaper,"waswritteninbigletters.Theunluckypeoplemostlydidnotspotthemessage.

It'seasytocomparethissituationtoayoungpersonlookingforjobsinalocalpaper.Theymightsearchsohardforonetypeofpositionthattheymissanevenbetteropportunity.Peoplewhoare"lucky",infact,keepanopenmindanddon'tgothroughthesameroutineeveryday.

IfirstcametoChinain2002whenitwasconsideredaratherstrangethingtodo,Likemanyforeigners,myplanwastoteachEnglishforoneyear.Sevenyearslater,andstillhere,I'vehadmanygreatopportunitiessuchaswritingfornewspapersandmagazines.Ididnotdreamthesewouldhavebeenpossible.I'vealsoneverbeensick,hadanaccident,gotintoafightorhadproblemswiththepolice.Coincidence?

AfterreadingaboutProfessorWiseman'sstudiesIthinknot.

AsWisemanadvises,Iusuallytrustmyownjudgment.Yourfriendsandparentsmaygiveyouadvicebasedonrational（理性）thinking,butit'simportanttoconsiderhowyoufeelabouteachchoiceyoumake.Yourfeelingactsasawarningforapotentialproblem.

Finally,trytoturnbadluckintogood.Evenifyoudofalldownandbreakaleg,thetimespeatathomecanbeusedwiselytostudyEnglish.

5．WhatdoyouknowaboutOprahWinfrey?

A．SheisagoodorganizerofatalkshowinAmerica.

B．Shebecamefamousthroughherfamilybackground.

C．Shewasluckyandseldomfellflatonherface.

D．Shebecamesuccessfulentirelybyherowneffort.

6．ThewriterquotedtheChinesetaleofafarmerinordertoshow________.

A．luckisinyourownhand

B．badluckcanturnintogood

C．youcan'twaitforanopportunity

D．mancanconquernature

7．FromtheexperimentWisemandrewtheconclusionthat________.

A．luckypeoplearequick-minded

B．unluckypeopleareslowtoread

C．luckypeopleoftenhaveanopenmind

D．unluckypeoplearenotroutineers

8．Theunderlinedword"spot"istheclosestinmeaningto"________”.

A．recognizeB．markC．makeD．receive

9．Whichofthefollowingproverbsmostagreeswiththewriter'spoint?

A．Makethebestofabadsituation.

B．Romewasnotbuiltinaday.

C．Allisnotgoldthatglitters.

D．Agoodheartconquersillfortune.

【答案】

5．D6．C7．C8．A9．A

【分析】本文是一篇议论文。

作者认为命运只垂青那些有所准备的人。

身处逆境，不要怨天尤人，要想方设法化厄运为好运。

每个人都可以做自己命运的