初中英语近义词辨析专项练习题.docx
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初中英语近义词辨析专项练习题
完形填空专项训练一(词类辨析)
1.tell,talk,say,speak
(1)tell
(2)talk
(3)say
(4)speak
告诉,讲述tellsb.sth.=tellsth.tosb.
交谈talkto/withsb.
说,强调说的内容sayhellotosb.
说某种语言
和某人交谈
向某人问好
告诉某人某事talkaboutsth.
谈论某事
练习1:
1.Canyou_________methetruth?
2.Whatlanguagedoyou__________?
3.Thisiswhatthey__________yesterday.
4.Don’t__________inclass,pleasebequiet.
2.look,lookat,see,watch
(1)look看起来look+形容词
(2)lookat朝,看强调看的动作
(3)see看见强调看的结果
(4)watch观看尤其指看电视,看球赛等
练习2:
1.Thecoat__________nice,Iwanttobuyoneformydaughter.
2.Please_____________theblackboard,canyou___________anything?
3.Shedoesn’tlike__________TV,butshelikes_____________footballgame.
3.sound,listento,hear
(1)
sound听起来
sound+形容词
(2)
listento听
强调听的动作
(3)
hear听见
强调听的结果
练习3:
1.____________theradio,itsaysthefloodiscomingsoon.
2.Ican’t__________you,becausethere’ssomethingwrongwithmyears.
3.Whatyousaid____________interesting.
4.receive,accept
(1)receive收到强调客观接受
(2)accept接受,收下强调主观接受
Shereceivedhisletterbutshecan’tacceptedhislove.
练习4:
He___________apresentyesterday,buthedidn’t___________it,
becauseit
wastoo
expensive.
5.lookup,lookfor,find,findout
(1)lookup
查词典、书、电话簿等,代词放中间
lookitup
(2)lookfor
寻找
强调找的动作
(3)find
找到
强调找的结果
(4)findout
发现结果
指经过努力而发现的结论
练习5:
1.Heoftentakesadictionaryand______________thenewwordsinit?
2.Thelittlegirl______________herpeneverywherebutdidn’t_____________itatlast.
3.Look!
Lucyiscryingoverthere.Let’sgoand_____________whyisshecrying.
6.keep,borrow,lend
(1)keep
借
可以保留一段时间
(2)borrow
借
强调将东西接进来
borrow...from
从......
借来
(3)lend
借
强调将东西借出去
lend...to
借给
练习6:
1.---Mybikeisbroken,canI___________yours,Lily?
---Oh,sorry,I’ve_________ittoSandy.
2.Youcan___________myrecorderforthreedays.
3.Weoften___________booksfromourschoollibrary.
4.Heoften___________moneytohisbrother.
7.reach,arrive,get
(1)reach
到达,够得着
是个及物动词
(2)arrive
到达
不及物动词
arrivein+
大地点arriveat+
小地点
(3)get
到达
不及物动词
getto
到达
练习7:
1.Theywill__________inChengdunextweek.
2.Howdoyou____________toschooleveryday?
3.Usealongerstick,thenyoucan____________theapples.
8.thanksto,thanksfor
(1)thankto幸亏,由于
(2)thanksfor因,谢谢
练习8:
1.___________yourhelp,I’veunderstandit.
2._____________thecats,micedarenotcomeandeatmyfood.
9.givein,giveup
(1)givein投降
(2)giveup放弃giveupdoingsth.放弃做某事
练习9:
1.Weshouldn’t____________learningEnglish!
2.Iwouldratherdiethan____________beforemyenemies.
10.achieve,cometrue
(1)achieve实现(理想、愿望、预言等)
(2)cometrue实现
及物动词,主语一般为人
不及物动词组,主语为梦想,理想
练习10:
1.Heworkssohardthatheissureto____________hisdream.
2.Hispredictionofhuman’sflyingtothemoon__________________.
11.turnoff,close,turnon,open
(1)turnoff关(电器)turnon开(电器)
(2)close关(门、窗、书等)open开(门、窗、书等)
练习11:
1._______________thewindowsplease,it’ssocoldoutside.
2.____________thelightsbeforeyouleavetheroom.
3.Thedog____________theboxandtooktheboneout!
4._____________theTV,IwanttowatchtheNBAbasketballgames.
12.breakoff,breakout,breakinto,breakdown
(1)breakoff
中断关系,突然终止
(2)breakout
指战争爆发
(3)breakinto
非法进入或闯入
(4)breakdown
坏掉,(车、船等)抛锚,中途不工作
练习12:
1
Hewaslateforschoolyesterday,becausehiscar____onthehalfway.
2
TheWorldWarⅡ____whenshewasonlyfive.
3
They____theirfriendshipanddidn
’ttalktoeachotheranymore.
4
Lastnightathief_____myhouseandtookawaymyTV.
13.reply,answer,solve
(1)reply回复,答复不及物动词replytosb.
(2)answer回答,答案及物动词answerquestion
(3)solve解决,处理及物动词solveproblem
练习13:
1.WhatdidMr.Smith___________towhatotherssaid?
2.Nooneinourclasscan__________thisquestion.
3.It’stoodifficultforeveryoneto___________thatproblem.
4.Shefailedto____________myquestion.
5.Wehaven’t__________tohisletteryet.
6.Noneofusknewthe____________totheproblem.
14.hope,wish
(1)hope希望,指较为现实的想法hopetodo
(2)wish希望,指不太现实的要求或想法wishtodo
或hope+从句,但没有
或wishsbtodo
hopesbtodo
练习14:
1.---Theweathermaybefinetomorrow.
---I_________so.
3.Mum_________metobeadoctorinthefuture.
4.HowI_________Icouldflytothemoon!
15.take,cost,spend,pay
(1)take
花费,
尤指花费时间,主语为物
ittakessb.sometimetodosth.
(2)cost
花费,
指花金钱
,主语为物
sth.costsb.somemoney
(3)spend
花费
主语为人
spend...(in)doing
或spend...onsth.
(4)pay
花费,
主语为人
payfor
练习15:
1.Itoften_____________about3hourstogettoschoolfrommyhome.
2.---Whowill____forthebill?
---Maybeourboss.
3.Thehouse_________him30,000dollars.
4.Hiscousin__________thewholedaymakingthetoycaryesterday.
16.takepartin,join,attend
(1)takepartin
(2)join
(3)attend
参加某项活动
指参加某组织,成为其中的一个成员
指参加会议,婚礼,葬礼,典礼;去上课,上学,听报告等
练习16:
1.Mr.Wang____________theParty5yearsago.
2.TheyinvitedLily_____________________theEnglishevening.
3.He’ll_________animportantmeetingtomorrow.
17.dowith
(1)dowith
(2)dealwith
,dealwith
处理,应付
处理,对付
在问句中要与
在问句中要与
what连用
how连用
练习17:
1.Howcanyou______________thatproblem?
2.Whatdoyou______________theevent?
18.puton,wear,dress,in
(1)puton
穿上
强调穿衣的动作
(2)wear
穿着
强调穿的状态,是一个延续性动词
(3)dress给,穿衣服
宾语为人
dressoneself
给某人自己穿衣服
(4)in穿着
强调穿戴的状态
bein+
颜色
练习18:
1.___________thewarmclothes,it’scoldoutside.
2.Maryisalways_________redclothes.Mayberedisherfavoritecolor.
3.Thelittleboycould____________himselfwhenhewasthreeyearsold.
4.Theoldman___________apairofglasses.
19.win,beat,defeat
(1)win赢得
(2)beat战胜,打败
(3)defeat战胜,打败
一般指赢得比赛,奖品或战斗,宾语为物
一般指打败参加比赛或游戏的人或团体,宾语为人
一般指战场上打败敌人,宾语为人
练习19:
1.Ourteamhas___________thefootballmatch,weareallhappy.
2.TheBrazilianfootballteam________us5-0inthatmatch,alltheChinesefanswereverysad.
3.Thearmy___________theenemyatlast.
20.bemadein,bemadeof,bemadefrom,bemadeupof
(1)bemadein在哪里制作,后面接产地
(2)bemadeof由,制成,看得出原料
(3)bemadefrom由,制成,看不出原料
(4)bemadeupof由,组成,强调由个体组成整体
练习20:
1.Thedesk__________________wood.
2.Thiskindofwatch___________________Shanghai.
3.Ourclass_________________50students.
4.Paper_____________________bamboo.
21.havebeento,havegoneto
(1)havebeento曾经去过(现在在说话地),可与次数连用
(2)havegoneto已经去了(现在不在说话地)
练习21:
1.They_________________Italyformorethan7years,soItalyistheirsecondhome.
2.---Howmanytimes_____________________Hainan?
---Only3times.
22.toomuch,muchtoo,toomany,manytoo
(1)toomuch
太多
toomuch+
不可数名词
(2)muchtoo
太......
muchtoo+
形容词
(3)toomany
太多
toomany+
可数名词复数
(4)manytoo
用法不存在
练习22:
1.Thecomputeris________________expensive.
2.Stop,Peter.Youtalked_____________.
3.Don’teat____________appleseveryday.
4.Father,havearest.You
’ve_
_____________tiredtoday.
5.Hurryup!
Youhavewasted_________________time.
23.many,much,lotsof,alot(of)
(1)many
许多
many+
可数名词复数
(2)much
许多
much+
不可数名词
(3)alotof/lotsof
许多alotof/lotsof+
可数名词复数/不可数名词
(4)alot
很,非常
alot
修饰动词
练习23:
1.____________ofthevisitorsareworkers.
2.HasJackhave_____________money?
3.Duringthosethreeweeks,heate______________meat.
4.Ididnotunderstandwhyyouhadso______________strangequestions.
5.Althoughheisaboy,hereads______________.
24.aboveall
,afterall
,firstofall
,atall,inall
(1)aboveall
最重要的是,
尤其是,强调要引起特别注意
(2)afterall
毕竟,
终究
(3)firstofall
首先,
强调次序
(4)atall
根本,丝毫
否定+atall
(5)inall
总共,
总计
练习25:
1.Neverwasteanything,but_______________neverwastetime.
2.______________,letmeintroducemyselftoyou.
3.Thereare35students_____________inourclass.
4.Heisstillachild__________
___.Don’tblamehim.
5.Idon’tknowhim__
____________.
26.passed,past
(1)passed
经过
动词pass的过去式或过去分词
(2)past
经过
介词或副词
练习26:
1.Theyhurried_____________thebuilding.
2.Tom____________bymewithoutgreetingjustnow.
3.Thetrainforthesmalltownleavesatten__________eight.
4.Twoweekshad____________sinceMartinhadseenhim.
5.Inthe_________,Ihavehadmanyjobs.
27.agreeto,agreewith,agreeon
(1)agreeto表示一方提出一项建议、安排、计划等,另一方同意协作
(2)agreewith表示同意某人或某人的意见、想法、分析、解释等;
(气候、食物等)“适合”的意思。
(3)agreeon/upon双方经过协商,达成一致意见agreeon/upondoingsth.
练习27:
1.I________________whathesaid.
2.Allthosewho_______________theplan,raiseyourhands.
3.We_____________leavingtherethenextday.
4.Thefooddoesn’t_____________him.
28.build,found,setup,putup
(1)build
建筑,建造
指施工建筑
(2)found
创立,成立,创办
指创立一个机构,组织或国家
(3)set/putup
搭起,竖起,挂起
后者常见
练习28:
1.Lastyearacinemawas____________nearourschool.
2.Therichman_____________thehospitalandaschoolinthetownwherehewasborn.
3.ThePeople’sRepublicofChinawas_____________in1949.
4.Thenewspaperreporter___________hiscameraunderatree.
29.anumberof,thenumberof
(1)anumberof许多,大量anumberof+可数名词复数+谓语复数
(2)thenumberof......的数量thenumberof+名词复数+谓语单数
练习29:
1.Therewe