初中英语近义词辨析专项练习题.docx

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初中英语近义词辨析专项练习题.docx

初中英语近义词辨析专项练习题

 

完形填空专项训练一(词类辨析)

1.tell,talk,say,speak

(1)tell

(2)talk

(3)say

(4)speak

告诉,讲述tellsb.sth.=tellsth.tosb.

交谈talkto/withsb.

说,强调说的内容sayhellotosb.

说某种语言

 

和某人交谈

向某人问好

告诉某人某事talkaboutsth.

 

谈论某事

 

练习1:

1.Canyou_________methetruth?

2.Whatlanguagedoyou__________?

3.Thisiswhatthey__________yesterday.

4.Don’t__________inclass,pleasebequiet.

 

2.look,lookat,see,watch

(1)look看起来look+形容词

(2)lookat朝,看强调看的动作

(3)see看见强调看的结果

(4)watch观看尤其指看电视,看球赛等

练习2:

1.Thecoat__________nice,Iwanttobuyoneformydaughter.

2.Please_____________theblackboard,canyou___________anything?

3.Shedoesn’tlike__________TV,butshelikes_____________footballgame.

 

3.sound,listento,hear

(1)

sound听起来

sound+形容词

(2)

listento听

强调听的动作

(3)

hear听见

强调听的结果

练习3:

1.____________theradio,itsaysthefloodiscomingsoon.

2.Ican’t__________you,becausethere’ssomethingwrongwithmyears.

3.Whatyousaid____________interesting.

 

4.receive,accept

(1)receive收到强调客观接受

(2)accept接受,收下强调主观接受

Shereceivedhisletterbutshecan’tacceptedhislove.

练习4:

He___________apresentyesterday,buthedidn’t___________it,

 

becauseit

 

wastoo

 

expensive.

 

 

5.lookup,lookfor,find,findout

(1)lookup

查词典、书、电话簿等,代词放中间

lookitup

(2)lookfor

寻找

强调找的动作

(3)find

找到

强调找的结果

(4)findout

发现结果

指经过努力而发现的结论

练习5:

1.Heoftentakesadictionaryand______________thenewwordsinit?

2.Thelittlegirl______________herpeneverywherebutdidn’t_____________itatlast.

3.Look!

Lucyiscryingoverthere.Let’sgoand_____________whyisshecrying.

 

6.keep,borrow,lend

(1)keep

可以保留一段时间

(2)borrow

强调将东西接进来

borrow...from

从......

借来

(3)lend

强调将东西借出去

lend...to

借给

练习6:

1.---Mybikeisbroken,canI___________yours,Lily?

---Oh,sorry,I’ve_________ittoSandy.

2.Youcan___________myrecorderforthreedays.

3.Weoften___________booksfromourschoollibrary.

4.Heoften___________moneytohisbrother.

 

7.reach,arrive,get

(1)reach

到达,够得着

是个及物动词

(2)arrive

到达

不及物动词

arrivein+

大地点arriveat+

小地点

(3)get

到达

不及物动词

getto

到达

练习7:

1.Theywill__________inChengdunextweek.

2.Howdoyou____________toschooleveryday?

3.Usealongerstick,thenyoucan____________theapples.

 

8.thanksto,thanksfor

(1)thankto幸亏,由于

(2)thanksfor因,谢谢

练习8:

1.___________yourhelp,I’veunderstandit.

2._____________thecats,micedarenotcomeandeatmyfood.

 

9.givein,giveup

(1)givein投降

(2)giveup放弃giveupdoingsth.放弃做某事

练习9:

1.Weshouldn’t____________learningEnglish!

2.Iwouldratherdiethan____________beforemyenemies.

 

10.achieve,cometrue

(1)achieve实现(理想、愿望、预言等)

(2)cometrue实现

 

及物动词,主语一般为人

不及物动词组,主语为梦想,理想

 

练习10:

1.Heworkssohardthatheissureto____________hisdream.

2.Hispredictionofhuman’sflyingtothemoon__________________.

 

11.turnoff,close,turnon,open

(1)turnoff关(电器)turnon开(电器)

 

(2)close关(门、窗、书等)open开(门、窗、书等)

练习11:

1._______________thewindowsplease,it’ssocoldoutside.

2.____________thelightsbeforeyouleavetheroom.

3.Thedog____________theboxandtooktheboneout!

4._____________theTV,IwanttowatchtheNBAbasketballgames.

 

12.breakoff,breakout,breakinto,breakdown

(1)breakoff

中断关系,突然终止

(2)breakout

指战争爆发

(3)breakinto

非法进入或闯入

(4)breakdown

坏掉,(车、船等)抛锚,中途不工作

练习12:

1

Hewaslateforschoolyesterday,becausehiscar____onthehalfway.

2

TheWorldWarⅡ____whenshewasonlyfive.

3

They____theirfriendshipanddidn

’ttalktoeachotheranymore.

4

Lastnightathief_____myhouseandtookawaymyTV.

 

13.reply,answer,solve

(1)reply回复,答复不及物动词replytosb.

(2)answer回答,答案及物动词answerquestion

(3)solve解决,处理及物动词solveproblem

练习13:

1.WhatdidMr.Smith___________towhatotherssaid?

2.Nooneinourclasscan__________thisquestion.

3.It’stoodifficultforeveryoneto___________thatproblem.

4.Shefailedto____________myquestion.

5.Wehaven’t__________tohisletteryet.

6.Noneofusknewthe____________totheproblem.

 

14.hope,wish

(1)hope希望,指较为现实的想法hopetodo

(2)wish希望,指不太现实的要求或想法wishtodo

 

或hope+从句,但没有

或wishsbtodo

 

hopesbtodo

 

练习14:

1.---Theweathermaybefinetomorrow.

---I_________so.

3.Mum_________metobeadoctorinthefuture.

4.HowI_________Icouldflytothemoon!

 

15.take,cost,spend,pay

(1)take

花费,

尤指花费时间,主语为物

ittakessb.sometimetodosth.

(2)cost

花费,

指花金钱

,主语为物

sth.costsb.somemoney

(3)spend

花费

主语为人

spend...(in)doing

或spend...onsth.

(4)pay

花费,

主语为人

payfor

练习15:

1.Itoften_____________about3hourstogettoschoolfrommyhome.

 

2.---Whowill____forthebill?

---Maybeourboss.

3.Thehouse_________him30,000dollars.

4.Hiscousin__________thewholedaymakingthetoycaryesterday.

 

16.takepartin,join,attend

(1)takepartin

(2)join

(3)attend

参加某项活动

指参加某组织,成为其中的一个成员

指参加会议,婚礼,葬礼,典礼;去上课,上学,听报告等

 

练习16:

1.Mr.Wang____________theParty5yearsago.

2.TheyinvitedLily_____________________theEnglishevening.

3.He’ll_________animportantmeetingtomorrow.

 

17.dowith

(1)dowith

(2)dealwith

 

,dealwith

处理,应付

处理,对付

 

在问句中要与

在问句中要与

 

what连用

how连用

 

练习17:

1.Howcanyou______________thatproblem?

2.Whatdoyou______________theevent?

 

18.puton,wear,dress,in

(1)puton

穿上

强调穿衣的动作

(2)wear

穿着

强调穿的状态,是一个延续性动词

(3)dress给,穿衣服

宾语为人

dressoneself

给某人自己穿衣服

(4)in穿着

强调穿戴的状态

bein+

颜色

练习18:

1.___________thewarmclothes,it’scoldoutside.

2.Maryisalways_________redclothes.Mayberedisherfavoritecolor.

3.Thelittleboycould____________himselfwhenhewasthreeyearsold.

4.Theoldman___________apairofglasses.

 

19.win,beat,defeat

(1)win赢得

(2)beat战胜,打败

(3)defeat战胜,打败

 

一般指赢得比赛,奖品或战斗,宾语为物

一般指打败参加比赛或游戏的人或团体,宾语为人

一般指战场上打败敌人,宾语为人

 

练习19:

1.Ourteamhas___________thefootballmatch,weareallhappy.

2.TheBrazilianfootballteam________us5-0inthatmatch,alltheChinesefanswereverysad.

3.Thearmy___________theenemyatlast.

 

20.bemadein,bemadeof,bemadefrom,bemadeupof

(1)bemadein在哪里制作,后面接产地

(2)bemadeof由,制成,看得出原料

(3)bemadefrom由,制成,看不出原料

(4)bemadeupof由,组成,强调由个体组成整体

 

练习20:

1.Thedesk__________________wood.

2.Thiskindofwatch___________________Shanghai.

3.Ourclass_________________50students.

4.Paper_____________________bamboo.

 

21.havebeento,havegoneto

(1)havebeento曾经去过(现在在说话地),可与次数连用

(2)havegoneto已经去了(现在不在说话地)

练习21:

1.They_________________Italyformorethan7years,soItalyistheirsecondhome.

2.---Howmanytimes_____________________Hainan?

---Only3times.

 

22.toomuch,muchtoo,toomany,manytoo

(1)toomuch

太多

toomuch+

不可数名词

(2)muchtoo

太......

muchtoo+

形容词

(3)toomany

太多

toomany+

可数名词复数

(4)manytoo

用法不存在

练习22:

1.Thecomputeris________________expensive.

2.Stop,Peter.Youtalked_____________.

3.Don’teat____________appleseveryday.

4.Father,havearest.You

’ve_

_____________tiredtoday.

5.Hurryup!

Youhavewasted_________________time.

23.many,much,lotsof,alot(of)

(1)many

许多

many+

可数名词复数

(2)much

许多

much+

不可数名词

(3)alotof/lotsof

许多alotof/lotsof+

可数名词复数/不可数名词

(4)alot

很,非常

alot

修饰动词

练习23:

1.____________ofthevisitorsareworkers.

2.HasJackhave_____________money?

3.Duringthosethreeweeks,heate______________meat.

4.Ididnotunderstandwhyyouhadso______________strangequestions.

5.Althoughheisaboy,hereads______________.

 

24.aboveall

,afterall

,firstofall

,atall,inall

(1)aboveall

最重要的是,

尤其是,强调要引起特别注意

(2)afterall

毕竟,

终究

(3)firstofall

首先,

强调次序

(4)atall

根本,丝毫

否定+atall

(5)inall

总共,

总计

练习25:

1.Neverwasteanything,but_______________neverwastetime.

 

2.______________,letmeintroducemyselftoyou.

3.Thereare35students_____________inourclass.

4.Heisstillachild__________

___.Don’tblamehim.

5.Idon’tknowhim__

____________.

26.passed,past

(1)passed

经过

动词pass的过去式或过去分词

(2)past

经过

介词或副词

练习26:

1.Theyhurried_____________thebuilding.

2.Tom____________bymewithoutgreetingjustnow.

3.Thetrainforthesmalltownleavesatten__________eight.

4.Twoweekshad____________sinceMartinhadseenhim.

5.Inthe_________,Ihavehadmanyjobs.

 

27.agreeto,agreewith,agreeon

(1)agreeto表示一方提出一项建议、安排、计划等,另一方同意协作

(2)agreewith表示同意某人或某人的意见、想法、分析、解释等;

(气候、食物等)“适合”的意思。

(3)agreeon/upon双方经过协商,达成一致意见agreeon/upondoingsth.

练习27:

1.I________________whathesaid.

2.Allthosewho_______________theplan,raiseyourhands.

3.We_____________leavingtherethenextday.

4.Thefooddoesn’t_____________him.

28.build,found,setup,putup

(1)build

建筑,建造

指施工建筑

(2)found

创立,成立,创办

指创立一个机构,组织或国家

(3)set/putup

搭起,竖起,挂起

后者常见

练习28:

1.Lastyearacinemawas____________nearourschool.

2.Therichman_____________thehospitalandaschoolinthetownwherehewasborn.

3.ThePeople’sRepublicofChinawas_____________in1949.

4.Thenewspaperreporter___________hiscameraunderatree.

 

29.anumberof,thenumberof

(1)anumberof许多,大量anumberof+可数名词复数+谓语复数

(2)thenumberof......的数量thenumberof+名词复数+谓语单数

练习29:

1.Therewe

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