高考冲刺山东省滨州市届高三三模考试英语试题.docx
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高考冲刺山东省滨州市届高三三模考试英语试题
高三英语试题
2020.6
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第一部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
Herearefourwomenwhomadeittheirlife’smissiontomaketheworldabetterplacethroughenvironmentalactivism.
GretaThunberg
“Ihavenotaccomplishedanything.”ThisstatementwasmadebyGretaThunberg(17yearsold)anditcouldn’tbefurtherfromthetruth.Herdedicationtoprotectingtheenvironmenlforourfuturegenerationsisallaccomplishmentonitsown.Herabilitytoresisttoadultsinpowerisadmirableandcontinuestopushtheimportanceofconservationtothefrontofourminds.
PeggyShelmrd
WEACTforEnvironmentalJusticeisanorganizationthat“throughadvocacy,planning,andresearch…mobilizeslow-incomecommunitiestomakeenvironmentalchanges.”Atthehelm(掌权)ofWEACTisPeggyShepard.Hergoalistomakesurethatsustainableenvironmentalpracticesareaccessibletoall,regardlessofcircumstance.
RachelCarson
Americanmarinebiologist,writer,scientist,andecologist,RachelCarson(1907—1964),waswayaheadofhertime.Shewroteaboutconservationinthelate1930sandfocusedonhermissionofprotectingouroceans.
Julia“Butterfly”Hill
Inthelate90s,Julia“Butterfly”Hillspent738dayslivinginanancientredwood,calledLuna.ThisactbroughtawarenesstotheimmensehumanthreatstoRedwoodtrees.Juliacontinuestoadvocatefortheenvironment.“Bystandingtogetherinunity,solidarityandlove,wewillhealthewoundsintheearthandineachother.Wecanmakeapositivedifferencethroughouractions.”
1.WhatdoweknowaboutGretaThunberg?
A.Shehasnotaccomplishedanything.
B.Sheseldomtellsthetruth.
C.Shefacespowerfulpeoplebravelytoprotectenvironment.
D.Sheshowsgreatrespectandadmirationtopeopleinpower.
2.WhydidPeggyShepardsetuptheorganizationWEACT?
A.Tohelppoorpeopletoleadabetterlife.
B.Toappealtolow-incomegrouptoprotectourenvironment.
C.Tomakepeopleawareoftheenvironmentalstatus.
D.Tocontrolthechangesofenvironment.
3.Whopreferredtakingon-the-spotactionstoprotectenvironment?
A.GretaThunberg.B.PeggyShepard.
C.RachelCarson.D.Julia“Butterfly”Hill.
B
Everysooften,someonesoyoungdoessomethingsoamazingthatyoucan’thelpbutwonderhowhemanagesit.That’swhathappenedthefirsttimeweheardMatthewWhitakerplaythepiano.Matthewisajazzpianistwhoisblind,andsincetheageof11,he’sbeenperformingaroundtheworld.
MatthewWhitakerwasbornat24thweek.Heweighed1poundand11ounces.Hisparentsweretoldhehadlessthana50%chanceofsurvival.Oneofthemanycomplications(并发症)hefacedwasadiseasewhichledtoblindness.
NooneinMatthew’sfamilywasamusician,buthisgrandfatherboughthimhisfirstkeyboardwhenhewas3yearsold.Itdidn’ttakelongforMatthewtoshowthathehadagift.SotheWhitakersdecidedtogetMatthewateacher,whichprovedtobedifficult.“Atthetime,wegotalotofanswersthathe’stooyoungandtheydon’tknowhowtoteachablindchild,”MosesWhitakersaid.“Hewas3yearsoldatthetime.”
Finally,DaliaSakasagreedtomeetMatthew.DaliaisthedirectorofmusicstudiesatamusicschoolinNewYorkCity,aschoolforthevisuallyimpaired.Tohersurprise,Matthewcould1istentoapieceofmusiconceandthenplayit.“BecauseitisraretomeetsomeoneoftheworldandIwanttomakethatpossible.”
Shedid.Matthewhasplayedinmorethan200clubsandconcerthallsaroundtheworld.Hisloveofmusichasneverbeenindoubt.Matthew’slatestalbumiscalledNowHearThis.OnecriticnotedthatitsoundedlikeMatthewwasplayingwithsixhands.
4.WhichwordbestdescribesMatthewasapianist?
A.Fruitless.B.Ordinary.C.Remarkable.D.Ambitious.
5.WhatwastherootcauseofMatthew’sblindness?
A.Hisprematurehirth.B.Hislowweight.
C.Hislowchanceofsurvival.D.Adiseaserunninginhisfamily.
6.WhatincreasedthedifficultyfindingMatthewamusicteacher?
A.Hisfamilybackground.B.Hislackoftalent.
C.Hisageanddisability.D.Hischaracter.
7.WhydidDaliaacceptMatthewasherstudent?
A.BecauseshesympathizedMatthewforhisexperience.
B.BecauseshewasstruckbyMatthew’stalentformusic.
C.BecauseshegaveintotheinsistenceofMatthew’sgrandfather.
D.Becausesheknewhowtoteachablindstudentwell.
C
Forthemostpart,Americanchildrenaren’tgreatatmath.ButChinesechildrentendtobeexcellent.It’sconsistentlyfoundChinesestudentsatthetopoftheacademicpileandAmericansmuchnearerthebottom.
InLenoraChu’sbook“LittleSoldiers:
AnAmericanBoy,aChineseSchool”,shebeginstorevealtheculturaldifferencesthatleadtothisgap.Thedifferencesshenoticesinchildren’sfocusanddisciplinearedramatic,butshealsonoticesculturaldifferencesthatinfluencehowChineseschoolsarerun,andthereasonwhyitsstudentstestsowell.Alongwithfactorssuchashighlytrainedteachersandanemphasisonmemorizingbeforepursuingdeeperunderstanding,thedifferencecomesdowntoabeliefthathasbegunslowlymakingitswayacrosstheUS:
achievementistheresultofhardwork,notnaturalability.
Thisapproachcomesfromafirmbeliefthatanythingispossiblewithhardwork,withchiku,or“eatingbitter”.Studiesshowthatforkidswhoscorepoorly.Chineseteachersbelievealackofeffort—ratherthanofsmarts—istoblame.
StanfordpsychologistCarolDweck,authorof“Mindset(心态)”,isresponsibleformakinguptheterms“growthmindset”and“fixedmindset”.Chinesestudentsaretrainedtohaveagrowthmindset:
iftheyaren’tdoingwell,they’11workharder,andthey’11besuccessful.Americanchildrentendtobetrainedtohaveafixedmindsetaboutacademics:
theirabilitiesarelargelypredeterminedandstatic.Iftheyaren’tdoingwell,it’sbecausethey’renotgoodatit.
InAmericastudentsaretoldthatlearningisfunandeasy.Butreallearningisactuallyverydifficultandtakessufferingandanxiety.Ifyou’renotwillingtogothroughthatyou’renotgoingtolearndeeply.Thedownsideisthesestudentsoftengiveupwhensomethinggetshardorwhenit’snolongerfun.
8.AccordingtoLenoraChu,whatcontributesmosttotheChinesestudents’excellentacademicperformance?
A.Schooloperationmodel.B.Theemphasisonmemorizing.
C.High-qualifiedteachers.D.Chineseculture.
9.AccordingtoChineseteachers,studentsfailinganexamare______.
A.lazyB.slowC.unfocusedD.foolish
10.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtoCarolDweck’stheory?
A.AmajorityofChinesestudentsarebornexcellentlearners.
B.Americanstudentstendtobelievelearningabilityisgeneticallydetermined.
C.AmerlcanstudentsshouldchooseaChineseschooltoachievesuccess.
D.Americanstudentsarelackinginafixedmindset,comparedtoChinesestudents.
11.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?
A.Studentsshouldstudyinafunway.
B.Americanstudentsarealwaysanxiousabouttheirstudy.
C.Americanstudentshavenodifficultyinlearningdeeply.
D.Diligenceplaysanessentialpartinlearning.
D
Thesixthmassextinctionisnotaworryforthefuture.It’shappeningnow,muchfasterthanpreviouslyexpected,andit'sentirelyourfault,accordingtoastudypuhlishedMooday.
Humanshavealreadywipedouthundredsofspeciesandpushedmanymoretothebrinkofextinctionthroughwildlifetrade,pollution,habitatlossandtheuseoftoxicsubstances.ThefindingspublishedinthescientificJournalProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences(PNAS)showthattherateatwhichspeciesaredyingouthasacceleratedinrecentdecades.
GerardoCeballosGonzález,aprofessorofecologyattheNationalAutonomousUniversityofMexicoandoneoftheauthorsofthestudy,saidapproximately173specieswentextinctbetween2001and2014.“173speciesis25timesmoreextinctspeciesthanyouwouldexpectunderthenormalextinctionrate.”hetoldCNNinanemail.Heandhisteamfoundthatinthepast100years,morethan400vertebrate(脊椎动物的)specieswentextinct.Inthenormalcourseofevolution,suchextinctionswouldhavetakenupto10,000years,theysaid.
Massextinctionsarejustassevereastheirnamesuggests.TherehavebeenfivemassextinctioneventsintheEarth’shistory,eachwipingoutbetween70%and95%ofthespeciesofplants,animalsandmicroorganisms.Themostrecent,66millionyearsago,sawdinosaursdisappear.Thepasteventswerecausedbycatastrophicchangesoftheenvironment,includingmassivevolcaniceruptionsorcollisionwithanasteroid.
Thesixthmassextinctiontheonehappeningnow—isdifferent:
scientistssayit’scausedbyhumans.Theresearchersalsosaidthecurrentcoronavirus(冠状病毒)crisisshowspeople’srecklessness(鲁莽)towardsnaturecanseriouslyhurtthemselves.Manyendangeredspeciesaredyinginlargenumbersduetothetradeinwildanimalsandplants.
12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“toxic”inPara.2mean?
A.Poisonous.B.Useful.
C.Alternative.D.Environment-friendly.
13.Howdoesthewriterconvincereadersoftheseriousnessofthemassextinctions?
A.Bylistingreliablestatistics.
B.Byimaginingapictureoftheextinctions.
C.BymentioningsomenewsfromCNN.
D.Byexplainingthehistoryoftheextinctions.
14.Whatisthepurposeofthelastparagraph?
A.Totellthedifferencebetweenthefifthandsixthextinction.
B.Toexplainthecauseofthecoronaviruscrisis.
C.Towarnhumanstogetridoftheirwrongactions.
D.Toshowthewriter’sconcernabouttheendangeredspecies.
15.Whatdoesthisarticlemainlytalkabout?
A.Thechangesoftheenvironmentdoharmtowildlife.
B.Thesixthmassextinctionismuchfasterthanexpected.
C.Massextinctionsarej