单元练习高一英语单元练习十八内容Module 4 Unit 3.docx
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单元练习高一英语单元练习十八内容Module4Unit3
高一英语单元练习(十八)
练习内容:
Module 4 Unit3 ATasteofEnglishHumor
二、阅读理解
A【a】
Whatisitthatmakespeoplelaugh?
MorethantwothousandyearsagotheancientGreekphilosopherAristotledefined(定义)jokesasthepleasurethatresultsfromafeelingoftriumphbyshowingwe’rebetterthansomeoneelseinacertainway.AccordingtoAristotleandmanyotherphilosophers,alljokesdependmainlyonshowinginferiorityinanotherpersonorgroupofpersons--thatis,puttingitclearly,onshowingthattheyareworseoffthanourselves.Jokesraiseourgoodopinionofourselvesatsomeoneelse’sexpense.
Showinghowmuchbetterthanotherpeopleweareisonlyonereasonwelikejokes.Someonemayalsouseajoketoexpresstheirangerortheircrueltyoranyotherkindofactionthatisnotacceptabletous.Wefeelfreetolaughwhenwehearaboutsomeoneslidingonabananaskin.Thejokeletsusexpressthoseattitudeswhichareusuallyunacceptabletosociety.Thisisprobablythereasonwhysomeofthejokes,especiallythoseinvolvingcruelty,aresopopularwithcertainpeople.
Besides,alljokesdependonourenjoymentoflaughingatsomethingstrangeandoutofplacebecauseit’sdifferentfromthingswhicharehappeningaroundit.Thesamesituationcanbeeithersadorpleasant,dependingentirelyonhowstrangeandoutofplaceitis.Ifagirlinabathingsuitfallsintoaswimmingpool,wedon’tlaughbecausenothingunusualhashappened.Butifamaninasmartsuitfallsin,thesituationisatonceunusualinapleasantwayandwelaugh.Agoodjoke-tellerwillalwaystrytobuildupasituationinwhichonethingisexpecteduntilsomethingunexpectedsuddenlyhappens,andsowelaugh.
21.Theunderlinedword“inferiority”(inParagraph1)means______.
A.somethingthatisnotasgoodassomethingelseB.somethingthatisbetterthansomethingelse
C.someonethatisnotasgoodassomeoneelseD.someonethatisbetterthansomeoneelse
22.AccordingtoAristotle,alljokesdependmainlyon______.
A.showinginferiorityinanotherpersonorgroupB.resultinginasenseofsuccess
C.havingagoodopinionofotherpeopleD.makingpeoplelaughunexpectedly
23.What’sthemainideaofParagraph2?
A.Showingwearebetterthanotherpeopleistheonlyonereasonwelikejokes.
B.Whenpeopleareangry,theywouldliketohearjokes.
C.Peoplewholikejokesareusuallycruel.
D.Toexpressthoseattitudesusuallyunacceptabletosocietyisoneofthereasonswelikejokes.
24.Whatwillagoodjoke-telleralwaystrytodo?
A.Makeasadsituationintoapleasantone.B.Makedifferentthingshappenatthesametime.
C.Makeanunexpectedthinghappeninanexpectedsituation.
D.Makepeoplelaughatsomethingunusualandoutofplace.
B【a】
IbeganworkinginjournalismwhenIwaseight.Itwasmymother’sidea.Shewantedmeto“makesomething”ofmyself,anddecidedIhadbetterstartyoungifIwastohaveanychanceofkeepingupwiththecompetition.
WithmyloadofmagazinesIheadedtowardBellevilleAvenue.Thecrowdswerethere.ThereweretwogasstationsonthecornerofBellevilleandUnion.ForseveralhoursImademyselfhighlyvisible,makingsureeveryonecouldseemeandtheheavyblacklettersonthebagthatsaidTHESATURDAYEVENINGPOST.Whenitwassuppertime,Iwalkedbackhome.
“Howmanydidyousell,myboy?
”mymotherasked.
“None.”
“Wheredidyougo?
”
“ThecornerofBellevilleandUnionAvenues.”
“Whatdidyoudo?
”
“StoodonthecornerwaitingforsomebodytobuyaSaturdayEveningPost.”
“Youjuststoodthere?
”
“Didn’tsellasingleone.”
“MyGod,Russell!
”
UncleAllenputin,“Well,I’vedecidedtotakethePost.”Ihandedhimacopyandhepaidmeanickle(五分镍币).ItwasthefirstnickleIearned.
Afterwardsmymothertaughtmehowtobeasalesman.Iwouldhavetoringdoorbells,addressadultswithself-confidence,andpersuadethembysayingthatnoone,nomatterhowpoor,couldaffordtobewithouttheSaturdayEveningPostinthehome.
Oneday,ItoldmymotherI’dchangedmymind.Ididn’twanttomakeasuccessinthemagazinebusiness.
“Ifyouthinkyoucanchangeyourmindlikethis,”shereplied,“you’llbecomeagood-for-nothing.”Sheinsistedthat,assoonasschoolwasover,Ishouldstartringingdoorbells,sellingmagazines.WheneverIsaidno,shewouldscoldme.
MymotherandIhadfoughtthisbattlealmostaslongasIcouldremember.Mymother,dissatisfiedwithmyfather’splainworkman’slife,determinedthatIwouldnotgrowuplikehimandhispeople.Butneverdidsheexpectthat,fortyyearslater,suchasuccessfuljournalistasmewouldgobacktoherhusband’speoplefortruelifeandlove.
25.Whydidtheboystarthisjobyoung?
A.HewantedtobefamousinthefutureB.Thejobwasquiteeasyforhim.
C.Hismotherhadhighhopesforhim.D.Thecompetitionforthejobwasfierce.
26.Fromthedialoguebetweentheboyandhismother,welearnthatthemotherwas_______.
A.excitedB.interestedC.ashamedD.disappointed
27.Whatdidthemotherdowhentheboywantedtogiveup?
A.Sheforcedhimtocontinue.B.Shepunishedhim.C.Shegavehimsomemoney.D.Shechangedherplan.
28.Thephrase“thisbattle”inthelastparagraphrefersto.
A.thewarbetweentheboy’sparentsB.thearguingbetweentheboyandhismother
C.thequarrelbetweentheboyandhiscustomersD.thefightbetweentheboyandhisfather
29.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?
A.Theearlylifeofajournalist.B.Theearlysuccessofajournalist.
C.Thehappychildhoodofthewriter.D.Theimportantroleofthewriterinhisfamily.
C【c】
Researchershavefoundmoreevidencethatsuggestsarelationshipbetweenracesandrates(率)oflungcanceramongsmokers.AnewstudyshowsthatblackpeopleandNativeHawaiiansaremorelikelytodeveloplungcancerfromsmoking.Itcomparedtheirrisktowhites,Japanese-AmericansandLatinos.
ResearchersattheUniversityofSouthernCaliforniaandtheUniversityofHawaiididthenewstudy.TheNewEnglandJournalofMedicinepublishedthefindings.Theeight-yearresearchstudiedmorethan180,000people.Theyincludedpresentandformersmokersandpeoplewhoneversmoked.Almost2.000peopleinthestudydevelopedlungcancer.
Researcherssaygenetics(遗传学)mighthelpexplaintheracialandethnic(种族的)differences.Therecouldbedifferencesinhowpeople'sbodiesreacttosmoke.Butenvironmentalinfluences,includingthewaypeoplesmoke,couldalsomakeadifference.
African-AmericansandLatinosinthestudyarereportedsmokingthefewestcigarettesperday.Whitesaretheheaviestsmokers.Butthescientistspointoutthatblackshavebeenreportedtobreathecigarettesmokemoredeeplythanwhitesmokers.Thiscouldfilltheirlungswithmoreofthechemicalsintobaccothatcausecancer.
Scientistsknowthatsomediseaseseffectdifferentgroupsdifferently.Andsomedrugcompanieshavebeguntodevelopraciallytargeted(针对)medicines.LastJune,theUnitedStatesFoodandDrugAdministrationapprovedadrugdesignedtotreatheartfailureinblackpatients.ThenameisBiDil.Theagencycalledit"asteptowardthepromiseofpersonalizedmedicine."
30.Whichofthefollowingordersisfromhighertolowerriskofhavinglungcancer?
A.Whites—NativeHawaiiansB.Africans—Americans—Latinos
C.Asians—NativeHawaiiansD.Africans—Americans—NativeHawaiians
31.Researchersagreethatitisthatmayprobablydetermineblackpeople’sriskoflungcancer.
A.thelargeramountofsmokingthanwhitepeopleB.thelivingstyleorhabitoftheblacks
C.thedepthofcigarettesmokeintotheirlungsD.thephysicalstrengthtoreacttocigarettesmoke
32.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtotheauthor?
A.Thewayofsmokingmayincreasetheriskoflungcancer.
B.Racehasnothingtodowiththeriskofhavingalungcancer.
C.TheresearchwasstartedbytheNewEnglandJournalofMedicine.
D.TheriskoflungcancerliesIhowmuchapersonsmokes.
D【c】
Asyoumovearoundyourhome,takeagoodlookatthethingsyouhave.Itislikelythatyourlivingroomwillhaveatelevisionsetandavideo,andyourkitchenawashingmachineandamicrowaveoven.Yourbedroomdrawerswillbefilledwithalmostthreetimesasmanyclothesasyouneed.Youalmostcertainlyownacarandpossiblyahomecomputer,holidayabroadatleastonceayearandeatoutatleastonceaweek.
Now,perhaps,morethaneverbefore,peoplearewonderingwhatlifeisallabout,andwhatitisfor.Seekingmaterialsuccessisbeginningtotroublelargenumbersofpeoplearoundtheworld.Theyfeelthatthelonghoursworkculturetomakemoremoneyiseatinguptheirlives,leavingthemverylittletimeorenergyforfamilyorpastimes.Manyareturningtootherwaysoflivinganddownshiftingisoneofthem.SixpercentofworkersinBritaintookthedecisiontodownshiftlastyear.
OnecouplewhodownshiftedisDanielandLiz.TheyusedtoworkincentralLondon.Hewasanewspaperreporterandsheusedtoworkforaninternationalbank.Theywouldgotoworkbytraineverydayfromtheirlargehouseinthesuburbs,leavingtheirtwochildrenwithananny.MosteveningsDanielwouldn’tgethomeuntileightornineo’clockandnearlytwiceamonthhewouldhavetoflytoNewYorkformeetings.Theybothearnedalargeamountofmoneybutbegantofeelthatlifewaspassingthemby.
Nowadays,theyrunafarminthemountainsofWales.“Ialwayswantedtohaveafarmthen,”saysDaniel,“andwetookalmostayeartomakethedecisiontodownshift.It’stakensomegettingusedto,butit’sbeenworthit.Wehavetothinktwicenowaboutspendingmoneyoncarrepairsandwenolongerhaveanyholidays.However,Ithinkit’smadeusstronger