英语八级语言学习题及答案.docx

英语八级语言学习题及答案.docx

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英语八级语言学习题及答案

语言学试题及参考答案一

  1.Linguisticsisthescientificstudyof__________.

  A.aparticularlanguage

  B.theEnglishlanguage

  C.humanlanguagesingeneral

  D.thesystemofaparticularlanguage

  2.Theconsonant[f]inEnglishcanbecorrectlydescribedashavingthefollowingphoneticfeatures:

__________.

  A.voiceless,bilabial,stop

  B.voiceless,labiodental,fricative

  C.voiced,bilabial,stop    

D.voiced,labiodental,fricative

  3.Therearedifferenttypesofaffixesormorphemes.Theaffix"ed"intheword"learned"isknownasa（n）__________.

  A.derivationalmorpheme

  B.freemorpheme

  C.inflectionalmorpheme

  D.freeform

  4.Inthephrasestructurerule"S→NPVP",thearrowcanbereadas__________.

  A.isequalto B.consistsof

  C.has D.generates

  5."Iboughtsomeroses"__________"Iboughtsomeflowers".

  A.entails

B.presupposes

  C.isinconsistentwith

  D.issynonymouswith

  6.Y'sutteranceinthefollowingconversationexchangeviolatesthemaximof__________.

  X:

Whowasthatyouwerewithlastnight?

  Y:

Didyouknowthatyouwerewearingoddsocks?

  A.quality  B.quantity

  C.relation  D.manner

  7.Changesinalanguagearechangesinthegrammarofthespeakersofthelanguage.Thismeansthatphonemes,__________,wordsandgrammaticalrulesmaybeborrowed,added,lostoraltered.

  A.phrases   B.sentences

  C.morphemesD.utterances

  8.Inaspeechcommunitypeoplehavesomethingincommon__________alanguageoraparticularvarietyoflanguageandrulesforusingit.

  A.socially   B.linguistically

  C.culturally D.pragmatically

9.Whichofthemajormentalfunctionslistedbelowisnotunderthecontrolofthelefthemisphereinmostpeople?

__________.

  A.languageandspeech

  B.visualandspatialskills

  C.readingandwriting    D.analyticreasoning

  10.Ingeneral,the__________stagebeginsroughlyinthesecondhalfofthechild'ssecondyear.

  A.babbling  B.one-word

  C.two-word  D.multiword

 答案：

 1、C2、B3、C4、B5、A6、C7、C8、B9、B10、C

语言学试题二

1.ThefamousquotationfromShakespeare'splay“RomeoandJuliet”‘Arosebyanyothernamewouldsmellassweet’wellillustrates_______.（   ）

 A.theconventionalnatureoflanguage

 B.thecreativenatureoflanguage

 C.theuniversalityoflanguage

 D.thebigdifferencebetweenhumanlanguageandanimalcommunication

2.Ofthefollowingsoundcombinations,only_______ispermissibleaccordingtothesequentialrulesinEnglish.（   ）

 A.kibl      B.bkil      C.ilkb     D.ilbk

3.ThesentencethathasaNPandaVPcanbeshownina_______formula"S→NPVP".（   ）

 A.hierarchical  B.linear     C.treediagram D.vertical

4.Itisthe_______onCaseassignmentthatstatesthataCaseassignorandaCaserecipientshouldstayadjacenttoeachother.（   ）

 A.CaseCondition          B.parameter   

 C.AdjacentCondition         D.AdjacentParameter

5.Predicationanalysisisawaytoanalyze_______meaning.

 A.phoneme     B.word      C.phrase     D.sentence

6.AccordingtoSearle,thoseillocutionaryactswhosepointistocommitthespeakertosomefuturecourseofactionarecalled_______.（   ）

 A.commisives   B.directives   C.expressives  D.declaratives

7.Theterm_______linguisticsmaybedefinedasawayofreferringtotheapproachwhichstudieslanguagechangeovervariousperiodsoftimeandatvarioushistoricalstages.

 A.synchronic   B.diachronic   C.comparative  D.historicalcomparative

8.Thewayinwhichpeopleaddresseachotherdependsontheirage,sex,socialgroup,andpersonalrelationship.TheEnglishsystemofaddressformsfrequentlyusedincludesfirstname,lastname,title+lastname,_______,andkinterm.

 A.title+firstname        B.title+title

 C.titlealone           D.firstname+lastname+title

9.Languageandthoughtmaybeviewedastwoindependentcirclesoverlapping insomeparts.Whenlanguageandthoughtareidenticalorcloselyparalleltoeachother,wemayregardthoughtas"subvocalspeech,"andspeechas"_______".（   ）

 A.vocalthought         B.subvocalthought

 C.covertthought         D.overtthought

10.Whcihofthefollowingbeststatesthebehavioristviewofchildlanguageacquisition?

_______.（   ）

 A.Languageacquisitionisaprocessofhabitformation

 B.Languageacquisitionisthespecies-specificpropertyofhumanbeings

 C.Childrenarebornwithaninnateabilitytoacquirelanguage

 D.Humansareequippedwiththeneuralprerequisitesforlanguageandlanguageuse

 答案 1.A    2.A    3.B    4.C    5.D

  6.A    7.B    8.C    9.D    10.A

语言学试题三

1、Asmodernlinguisticsaimstodescribeandanalyzethelanguagepeople

actuallyuse,andnottolaydownrulesfor"correct"linguisticbehavior,

itissaidtobe___.

 A、prescriptive

 B、sociolinguistic

 C、descriptive

 D、psycholinguistic 

2、Ofallthespeechorgans,the___is/arethemostflexible.

 A、mouth

 B、lips

 C、tongue

 D、vocalcords 

3、Themorpheme"vision"inthecommonword"television"isa（n）___.

 A、boundmorpheme

 B、boundform

 C、inflectionalmorpheme

 D、freemorpheme 

4、A___intheembeddedclausereferstotheintroductorywordthat

introducestheembeddedclause.

 A、coordinator

 B、particle

 C、preposition

 D、subordinator 

5、"CanIborrowyourbike?

"___"Youhaveabike."

 A、issynonymouswith

 B、isinconsistentwith

 C、entails

 D、presupposes  

6、Thebranchoflinguisticsthatstudieshowcontextinfluencestheway

speakersinterpretsentencesiscalled___.

 A、semantics

 B、pragmatics

 C、sociolinguistics

 D、psycholinguistics

7、Grammaticalchangesmaybeexplained,inpart,asanalogicchanges,

whichare___orgeneralization.

 A、elaboration

 B、simplification

 C、externalborrowing

 D、internalborrowing

8、___referstoamarginallanguageoffewlexicalitemsand

straightforwardgrammaticalrules,usedasamediumofcommunication.

 A、Linguafranca

 B、Creole

 C、Pidgin

 D、Standardlanguage

9、Psychologists,neurologistsandlinguistshaveconcludedthat,in

additiontothemotorareawhichisresponsibleforphysicalarticulation

ofutterances,threeareasoftheleftbrainarevitaltolanguage,

namely,___.

 A、Broca'sarea,Wernicke'sareaandtheangulargyrus

 B、Broca'sarea,Wernicke'sareaandcerebralcortex

 C、Broca'sarea,Wernicke'sareaandneurons

 D、Broca'sarea,Wernicke'sareaandExner'sarea

10、AccordingtoKrashen,___referstothegradualandsubconcious

developmentofabilityinthefirstlanguagebyusingitnaturallyin

dailycommunicativesituations.

 A、learning

 B、competence

 C、performance

 D、acquisition

答案1、C2、C3、D4、D5、D

6、B7、B8、C9、A10、D

语言学试题四

1.Thepairofwords“lend”and“borrow”are___.（   ）

 A.gradableopposites      B.relationalopposites

 C.co-hyponyms          D.synonyms

2.ThediscoveryofIndo-EuropeanlanguagefamilybeganwiththeworkoftheBritishscholar  .（   ）

 A.JacobGrimm   B.RasmusRask

 C.FranzBopp   D.SirWilliamJones

3.Alinguistregardsthechangesinlanguageandlanguageuseas__.（   ）

 A.unusual     B.somethingtobefeared

 C.abnormal    D.natural

4.__producefastandfluentspeechwithgoodintonationandpronunciationbutthecontentoftheirspeechrangesfrommildlyinappropriatetocompletenonsense,oftenasunintelligible.（   ）

 A.Broca'saphasic   B.Thelinguisticdeprivation

 C.Thedamageontheangulargyrus   D.Wernicke'saphasic

5.SomeSouthernlearnersofEnglishinChinatendtosay“night”as“light”.Thisshows:

  .（   ）

 A.Theycannotpronounce/n/   

 B.Interlangueinterferencebecausethereisnotthesound/n/intheirmothertongue

 C.Theteachersdonothaveagoodteachingmethod

 D.Theydonotliketopronouncenasalsounds

6.Awordwithseveralmeaningsiscalled__word.（   ）

 A.apolysemous  B.asynonymous  C.anabnormal  D.amultiple

7.Thefunctionofthesentence“Aniceday,isn'tit?

”is__.（   ）

 A.informative  B.phatic  C.directive  D.performative

8.ThemostrecognizabledifferencesbetweenAmericanEnglishandBritishEnglisharein__andvocabulary.（   ）

 A.usage     B.grammar   C.pronunciation   D.structure

9.__dealswiththewayinwhichalanguagevariesthroughgeographicalspace.（   ）

 A.Linguisticgeography   B.Lexicology

 C.Lexicography       D.Sociolinguistics

10.Thesemanticcomponentsoftheword“gentleman”canbeexpressedas__.（   ）

 A.+animate,+male,+human,-adult

 B.+animate,+male,+human,+adult

 C.+animate,-male,+human,-adult

 D.+animate,-male,+human,+adult

 答案 1.B   2.D   3.D   4.D   5.B

  6.A   7.B   8.C   9.A   10.B

语言学试题五

Tickoffthecorrectorthebestpossibleanswers:

1Oneofthepropertiesoflanguageisthatalanguageusercanunderstandandproducesentenceshe/shehasneverheardbefore.Thispropertyoflanguageiscalled________.

A.dualityB.productivityC.displacementD.arbitrary

Key:

B

2The______functionreferstothefactthatlanguagecanbeusedforestablishingafavorableatmosphereormaintainingsocialcontactratherthanforexchanginginformationorideas.

A.phaticB.directiveC.evocativeD.performative

Key:

A

3Fromafunctionalapproach,the_______meaningofalanguageuseconsistsofwhatiscommunicated