中国石化专业技术人员英语学习参考用书_精品文档.doc

中国石化专业技术人员英语学习参考用书_精品文档.doc

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第一部分通用英语

UNIT1HowtobeHappy如何获得幸福

Readthetext.AnswerthegivenquestionsandtranslatetheunderlinedsentencesorparagraphsintoChinese.

InthepasttwoweekswehavelookedatthehappinessformuladefinedbypositivepsychologistMartinSeligman,whereH（happiness）=S（yourbiologicalsetpointforfeelinghappy）+C（theconditionsofyourlife）+V（thevoluntarychoicesyoumake）.Thisweekwelookattheconditionsinlifethatcanimproveourhappinessquotient.

Step1:

Peaceandquiet

JonathonHaidtinhisexcellentbook,TheHappinessHypothesis,notesthatresearchshowsthatwecannevercompletelyadapttoneworchronicnoisepollution.Loudnoisestriggeroneofourmostprimitivefearresponses（theotheristhefearoffalling）andwecanneverfullyrelaxifwearesurroundedbyintrusivenoise.Itisessentialtohavesomepeaceandquieteveryday.Ifyouareunfortunateenoughtolivesomewherenoisy,persistwithcomplainingtoyourlocalcouncil.Additionally,trywearingwaxearplugstohavesomerespite.IfyouneedyourTV,radioormusicuploud,wearingheadphonesdemonstratesaltruismtoyourneighbours,whichwillmakeyouandthemfeelgood.

Step2:

Relationships

Thisisthemostimportantofalltheexternalconditionsthatcanimproveyourhappinessquotient.Oftenourdeepestsourcesofunhappinessarefoundinpoorrelationshipswithothers.Acruellyconflictualrelationshipwithapartnerorloverleavesusfeelingbetrayedandabandoned.Arelationshipwithourparentsorchildrenwhichisnotbasedoncompassionate,unconditionalregardcreatesisolationandmisery.Whenfacedwithsuchrelationships,themostpositivethingwecandoistoeithermendtherelationshipbyconfrontingwhatisgoingwrongorlearntomoveon.

Step3:

Share

Ifyouhavediscoveredconditionsorchoicesinlifethathavesignificantlyimprovedyourwellbeing,remembertosharethemwithfriends.Passingonwhatworksisessentialtoimprovethewellbeingofourownandothers.

阅读理解

1.What'sthehappinessformulaaccordATingtothepassage?

1.TheformulareferstoH（happiness）=S（yourbiologicalsetpointforfeelinghappy）+C（theconditionsofyourlife）+V（thevoluntarychoicesyoumake）.

2.Whycanwenevercompletelyadapttoneworchronicnoisepollution?

2.Loudnoisestriggeroneofourmostprimitivefearresponsesandwecanneverfullyrelaxifwearesurroundedbyintrusivenoise.

3.Howcouldwemakebothourselvesandtheneighborsfeelgood?

3.IfweneedourTV,radioormusicuploud,wearingheadphonesdemonstratesourkindnessandconsiderationtoourneighbors.

4.Wheredoestheunhappinesscomefrom?

4.Ourunhappinessoftencomesfrompoorrelationshipswithothers.

5.Whatisthepositivewaytofacewiththecruellyconflictualrelationship?

5.Whatyoucandoistoeithermendtherelationshipbyconfrontingwhatisgoingwrongorlearntomoveon.

【练习参考答案】

A.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.

1．吵闹的邻居的确对我们家庭不和（domesticupset）有很大影响。

1.Noisyneighborsareoneofthemajorcausesofdomesticupset.

2．在职场上，如果一个同事对我们表示威吓的话，会造成难以言表的抑郁情绪（unwretchedness）。

2.Acolleagueatworkwhobulliesordismissesuscreatesuntoldwretchedness.

3．我们不可能适应这种敌对关系，这种不良的人际关系会损害身心健康。

3.Wecanneverfullyadapttohostilerelationships,whichinevitablydamageourwellbeing.

4．如果这种坏情绪长时间留在人们的心里，会让人陷入无法解决的恶性心理困境。

4.Ifthisbadmoodstaysinsideourmind,itwillleadustoanunresolveddestructivedepression.

5．我们不应当回避这些问题，而是要正确面对它们。

5.Weshouldnotavoidtheseproblemsbutfacetheminstead.

B.ReadthetextandtranslateitintoChinese.

Therearemanybenefitstobeinghappy.Happierpeopletendtobehealthier,livelongerandeammore.Theyalsotendtovolunteermore,bebetteratrelationshipsandsmilemoreofwhatpsychologistscall“Duchenne"orgenuinesmiles.Whatislesswellunderstoodiswhyhappinessiscontagious.

AccordingtoJamesFowlerandNicholasChristakis,authorsoftheinternationalbestsellerConnected,peoplesurroundedbymanyhappyfriends,familymembersandneighbourswhoarecentraltotheirsocialnetworkbecomesignificantlyhappierinthefuture.Morespecificallyitheysaywewillbecome25percenthappierwithourlifeifafriendwholiveswithinamileofusbecomessignificantlyhappierwithhisorherlife.

Similareffectsareseeninco-residentspouses（8percenthappier）;siblingswholivewithinamileofeachother（14percent）;andnext-doorneighbours（34percent）.Whatthisimpliesisthatthemagnitudeofhappinessspreadseemstodependmoreonfrequentsocialcontact（duetophysicalproximity）thanondeepsocialconnections.Alas,forsomereasonthisdoesn'ttranslatetotheworkplace.

So,whyishappinesscontagious?

Onereasonmaybethathappypeoplesharetheirgoodfortunewiththeirfriendsandfamily（forexample,bybeingpragmaticallyh