中国石化专业技术人员英语学习参考用书_精品文档.doc

1、第一部分 通用英语 UNIT 1 How to be Happy如何获得幸福 Read the text. Answer the given questions and translate the underlined sentences or paragraphs into Chinese. In the past two weeks we have looked at the happiness formula defined by positive psychologist Martin Seligman, where H (happiness) = S (your biological

2、 set point for feeling happy) + C (the conditions of your life) + V (the voluntary choices you make). This week we look at the conditions in life that can improve our happiness quotient. Step 1: Peace and quiet Jonathon Haidt in his excellent book, The Happiness Hypothesis, notes that research shows

3、 that we can never completely adapt to new or chronic noise pollution. Loud noises trigger one of our most primitive fear responses (the other is the fear of falling) and we can never fully relax if we are surrounded by intrusive noise. It is essential to have some peace and quiet every day. If you

4、are unfortunate enough to live somewhere noisy, persist with complaining to your local council. Additionally, try wearing wax earplugs to have some respite. If you need your TV, radio or music up loud, wearing headphones demonstrates altruism to your neighbours, which will make you and them feel goo

5、d. Step 2: Relationships This is the most important of all the external conditions that can improve your happiness quotient. Often our deepest sources of unhappiness are found in poor relationships with others. A cruelly conflictual relationship with a partner or lover leaves us feeling betrayed and

6、 abandoned. A relationship with our parents or children which is not based on compassionate, unconditional regard creates isolation and misery. When faced with such relationships, the most positive thing we can do is to either mend the relationship by confronting what is going wrong or learn to move

7、 on. Step 3: Share If you have discovered conditions or choices in life that have significantly improved your wellbeing, remember to share them with friends. Passing on what works is essential to improve the wellbeing of our own and others. 阅读理解1. Whats the happiness formula accordATing to the passa

8、ge? 1. The formula refers to H (happiness) = S (your biological set point for feeling happy) + C (the conditions of your life) + V (the voluntary choices you make). 2. Why can we never completely adapt to new or chronic noise pollution? 2. Loud noises trigger one of our most primitive fear responses

9、 and we can never fully relax if we are surrounded by intrusive noise. 3. How could we make both ourselves and the neighbors feel good? 3. If we need our TV, radio or music up loud, wearing headphones demonstrates our kindness and consideration to our neighbors. 4. Where does the unhappiness come fr

10、om? 4. Our unhappiness often comes from poor relationships with others. 5. What is the positive way to face with the cruelly conflictual relationship? 5. What you can do is to either mend the relationship by confronting what is going wrong or learn to move on. 【练习参考答案】 A. Translate the following sen

11、tences into English. 1吵闹的邻居的确对我们家庭不和(domestic upset)有很大影响。1. Noisy neighbors are one of the major causes of domestic upset. 2在职场上，如果一个同事对我们表示威吓的话，会造成难以言表的抑郁情绪(unwretchedness)。2. A colleague at work who bullies or dismisses us creates untold wretchedness. 3我们不可能适应这种敌对关系，这种不良的人际关系会损害身心健康。3. We can nev

12、er fully adapt to hostile relationships, which inevitably damage our wellbeing. 4如果这种坏情绪长时间留在人们的心里，会让人陷入无法解决的恶性心理困境。4. If this bad mood stays inside our mind, it will lead us to an unresolved destructive depression. 5我们不应当回避这些问题，而是要正确面对它们。5. We should not avoid these problems but face them instead.

13、B. Read the text and translate it into Chinese. There are many benefits to being happy. Happier people tend to be healthier, live longer and eam more. They also tend to volunteer more, be better at relationships and smile more of what psychologists call “Duchenne or genuine smiles. What is less well

14、 understood is why happiness is contagious. According to James Fowler and Nicholas Christakis, authors of the international bestseller Connected, people surrounded by many happy friends, family members and neighbours who are central to their social network become significantly happier in the future.

15、 More specificallyi they say we will become 25 per cent happier with our life if a friend who lives within a mile of us becomes significantly happier with his or her life. Similar effects are seen in co-resident spouses (8 per cent happier); siblings who live within a mile of each other (14 per cent

16、); and next-door neighbours (34 per cent). What this implies is that the magnitude of happiness spread seems to depend more on frequent social contact (due to physical proximity) than on deep social connections. Alas, for some reason this doesnt translate to the workplace. So, why is happiness contagious? One reason may be that happy people share their good fortune with their friends and family (for example, by being pragmatically h