最新版人教版高中英语必修一Unit5单元质量评估及答案解析精编试题.docx
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最新版人教版高中英语必修一Unit5单元质量评估及答案解析精编试题
单元质量评估（五）
（时间：
100分钟 满分：
120分）
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
FlorenceNightingalewasborninarichfamily.Whenshewasyoungshetooklessonsinmusicanddrawing，andreadgreatbooks.Shealsotravelledagreatdealwithhermotherandfather.
Asachildshefeltthatvisitingsickpeoplewasbothadutyandapleasure.Sheenjoyedhelpingthem.
Atlasthermindwasmadeup.“I'mgoingtobeanurse，”shedecided.
“Nursingisn'ttherightworkforalady，”herfathertoldher.
“ThenIwillmakeitso，”shesmiled.AndshewenttolearnnursinginGermanyandFrance.WhenshereturnedtoEngland，Florencestartedanursinghomeforwomen.DuringtheCrimeanWarin1854shewentwithagroupofthirty－eightnursestothefronthospitals.Whattheysawtherewasterrible.Dirtanddeathwereeverywheretobeseenandsmelled.Theofficertheredidnotwantanywomantotellhimhowtorunahospital，either.Butthebravenursewenttowork.
Florenceusedherownmoneyandsomefromfriendstobuyclothes，beds，medicineandfoodforthemen.Heronlypaywasinsmilesfromthelipsofdyingsoldiers.Buttheyweremorethanenoughforthiskindwoman.
AftershereturnedtoEngland，shewashonouredforherservicesbyQueenVictoria．ButFlorencesaidthatherworkhadjustbegun.SheraisedmoneytobuildtheNightingaleHomeforNursesinLondon.Shealsowroteabookonpublichealth，whichwasprintedinseveralcountries.
FlorenceNightingalediedattheageofninety，stilltryingtoserveothersthroughherworkasanurse.
Indeed，itisbecauseofherthatwehonournursestoday.
【语篇解读】 本文介绍了弗洛伦斯·南丁格尔的感人事迹及其生平。
1．Whenshewasachild，Florence________．
A．lovedtotravelverymuch
B．knewwhatherdutyinlifewas
C．lovedtohelpthesickpeople
D．wasmostinterestedinmusicanddrawing
解析：
细节理解题。
根据文章第二段“Asachildshefeltthatvisitingsickpeoplewasbothadutyandapleasure.Sheenjoyedhelpingthem.”可知C项为正确选项。
答案：
C
2．WhatmadeFlorencemakeuphermindtobecomeanurse?
A．Herfather'ssupport.
B．Herdesiretohelpthesick.
C．HereducationinGermanyandFrance.
D．Herknowledgefromreadinggreatbooks.
解析：
细节理解题。
根据文章第二段可知她喜欢帮助生病的人，故选B。
答案：
B
3．DuringtheCrimeanWarin1854，Florenceservedinthefronthospitalswhere________．
A．sheearnedalittlemoney
B．workwasverydifficult
C．fewsoldiersdiedbecauseofherwork
D．shedidn'thaveenoughfoodorclothes
解析：
细节理解题。
根据文章第五段的“Whattheysawtherewasterrible.Dirtanddeathwereeverywheretobeseen－andsmelled.Theofficertheredidnotwantanywomantotellhimhowtorunahospital，either.”可知工作很艰苦，故选B。
答案：
B
4．Thepassagecanbestbedescribedas________．
A．thelifestoryofafamouswoman
B．adescriptionofthenursingwork
C．anexampleofsuccessfuleducation
D．thehistoryofnursinginEngland
解析：
主旨大意题。
本文主要介绍了一名伟大的护士南丁格尔的生平。
故选A。
答案：
A
B
Iwillalwaysremembermymother'slastfewdaysinthisworld.
OnFebruary14th，2000，myclasswentonafieldtriptothebeach.Ihadsomuchfun.Whenwereturnedtoschool，myteachertoldmetogototheheadmaster'soffice.WhenIgotintotheoffice，Isawapoliceofficer.SuddenlyIrealizedsomethingwaswrong.Thepoliceofficertoldmewhathadhappenedandwewenttopickmysisterup.Afterthat，wewenttothehospitalandwaited.Timewentslowly.Finally，wegottoseeourmother.Itwasterrible.
Onthenextday，theheadmastercameandtoldmytwoteacherswhathadhappened.Iwastakingarestthatday.Iknewithadsomethingtodowithmymother.Ikeptthinkingthatsheeitherdiedorhadgottenbetter.HowIwishedthatshehadgottenbetter！
Whenmyteachertookmeoutside，mysisterranuptome.Shestartedcrying，“She'sgone.Teresa，mommy'sgone.She'sdead.”Icouldn'tbelieveit.Wejumpedintothecaranddrovestraighttothehospital.Mostofmyfamilywerethere.Thesilencewasterrible.IknewIhadtosaygoodbye.
TodaywhenItookback，Istillmissmymotherverymuch，butIknowthatIwilllive.Mymotherwasastrongmother，whohadthebiggestheart.Mymotherwasanangelwalkingontheearth.Iwillalwaysrememberherasliving.Whensomeoneisaskedwhotheirheroesare，theyusuallysaysomeonefamous，likeMichaelJordanorBritneySpears.Whensomeoneasksmewhomyherois，Itellthem，mymother.Mymotherliveseveryday.Thatiswhatmakesheratruehero.
【语篇解读】 母亲虽然“走”了，但她依然是“我”心目中永远的英雄。
5．Wherewasthewriterwhenshelearnedhermotherwasveryill?
A．Onthebeach. B．Atthehospital.
C．Atschool.D．Athome.
解析：
细节理解题。
由第二段内容可知答案。
答案：
C
6．Whobroughtthewriterthebadnewsthathermotherwasill?
A．Hersister.B．Theheadmaster.
C．Herteacher.D．Thepoliceofficer.
解析：
细节理解题。
由第二段的第六句“Thepoliceofficertoldmewhathadhappenedand...”可知答案。
答案：
D
7．Whatdidtheheadmastertellthetwoteachersonthenextday?
A．Thewriter'smotherhadbeenveryill.
B．Thewriter'smotherhadbeendead.
C．Thewriter'smotherhadgottenbetter.
D．Thewriter'ssistercametoseeher.
解析：
推理判断题。
由第三段“She'sgone.Teresa，mommy'sgone.She'sdead.”可推知答案。
答案：
B
8．Fromthelastparagraphofthepassageweknowthat________．
A．thewriterisafraidofhermother
B．thewriterisproudofhermother
C．thewriterfeelssadabouthermother
D．thewriterfeelssorryforhermother
解析：
推理判断题。
在最后一段，作者反复提到这样的字眼：
astrongmother，hadthebiggestheart，anangel，字里行间都充满着自豪之情。
答案：
B
C
StephenHawkingwasborninOxford，Englandon8thJanuary，1942.HewenttoschoolinStAlbans—asmallcitynearLondon.Althoughhedidwell，hewasnevertopofhisclass.Afterleavingschool，HawkingwentfirsttoOxfordUniversitywherehestudiedphysics，thenhewenttoCambridgeUniversitywherehestudiedcosmology（宇宙学）．Ashehimselfadmittedhewasn'tveryseriousaboutstudying.Hewasaverylazystudent，anddidverylittlework.However，hestillachievedextremelygoodmarks.
Hawkingfirstnoticedsomethingwaswrongwithhimattheageof20.Hestartedtobumpintothings，andoftenfelloverfornoreason.WhenhevisitedhisfamilyatChristmastime，hisfatherwassoworriedthathewassenttohospitalfortest.Finally，theresultcameback.Hawkinghadmotorneuronedisease（运动神经元病），anincurableillnesswhichcausesthemusclesofthebodytowasteaway.Doctorssaidhewoulddiebeforehewas23.
Atfirst，Hawkingbecameextremelydepressed（忧郁的）．Afterawhile，though，hebegantoseehislifeinadifferentway.Ashelaterwrote，“Beforemyillnesshadbeendiagnosed（诊断），therehadnotseemedtobeanythingworthdoing.ButshortlyafterIcameoutofhospital，IsuddenlyrealizedthattherewerealotofworthwhilethingsIcoulddo.”Hawkingmarried，foundajobatCambridgeUniversity，wherehestillworkstoday，andhadthreechildren.Healsowenttodosomeofthemostimportantscientificresearchevercarriedout.
Hisstoryshowsthatnobody，howeverbadtheirsituationis，shouldlosehope.“Lifeisnotfair，”heoncesaid.“Youjusthavetodothebestyoucaninyourownsituation.”
【语篇解读】 本文讲述了霍金的童年以及怎样面对疾病坚持自己事业的故事。
9．Asauniversitystudent，StephenHawking________．
A．workedextremelyhard
B．studiedmathsandchemistry
C．waslazyanddidverylittlework
D．onlyachievedaveragemarks
解析：
细节理解题。
由第一段倒数第二句可知答案。
答案：
C
10．Hawkingfirstnoticedsomethingwaswrongwithhimwhen________．
A．hevisitedhisfamilyatChristmastimeoneyear
B．hewas20
C．hisfathermadehimseeadoctor
D．hewassenttohospitalfortest
解析：
细节理解题。
由第二段第一句话可知答案。
答案：
B
11．Motorneuronedisease________．
A．isnotaseriousillness
B．causesthemusclesofthebodytogrowbigger
C．cannotbecured
D．onlyaffectspeopleundertheageof23
解析：
推理判断题。
由第二段知这种疾病导致身体肌肉逐渐萎缩，医生说他在23岁之前会死掉，所以非常严重，故排除A、B、D三项。
另外，由incurable构词法也可知，curevt.“治愈”；curableadj.“可治愈的”；incurableadj.“不可治愈的”，故选C项。
答案：
C
12．WhatisthemainideaofParagraph3?
A．Hawking'seducation.
B．Hawking'sreaction（反应）tobeingseriouslyill.
C．Hawking'sviewsonlife.
D．DiagnosisofHawking'smotorneuronedisease.
解析：
主旨大意题。
第三段首先说霍金一听到这个诊断，非常忧郁，后来又写到他觉得生活中还有许多值得做的事情，结婚生子，继续做研究。
所以第三段主要写了听到诊断后霍金的反应，故选B项。
答案：
B
D
Ifyourdogorcatiseatinggrass，itmeansit'sgoingtorain.
False（错误的）—maybe.There'snoevidence（证据）thatwhenadogorcatiseatinggrassinthefrontyardit'sgoingtorain.Butthen，there'snoevidencethatitisn'tgoingtorain，either.Doctorsthinkdogsandcatseatgrasstohelpmaketheirstomachbetterormaybejustbecausetheylikethetasteofit.
You'llgetsickifyougooutsideincoldweatherwithwethair.
False.Youmightfeelcold，butyoucan'tcatchacoldbecauseyouwereoutsidewithwethair.
Manychurcheshavepreventedpeoplefromthrowingriceatweddings（婚礼）becausethericegrowslargerinabird'sstomachwheneaten，causingthebirdtoexplode（爆炸）．
Trueandfalse.It'struemanychurcheshavepreventedpeoplefromthrowingrice，butthisismorelikelybecausethericecanbecomeslick（光滑的）onaroadorstreet.There'snothingaboutricethatwillhurtbirds.Riceisanimportantpartofmanybirds'food.
Chocolateispoisonoustodogs.
True.Chocolatehastheobromine（可可碱），whichcanmakeyourdogsick.So，ifyoudon'twanttoputyourdog'slifeatrisk，don'tfeeditwithchocolate.
Thenumberofpeoplevisitingthehospitalgoeswayupduringafullmoon.
False.Accordingtoresearchers，thereisnoevidencethatmorepeoplevisitthehospitalduringafullmoon，thoughmorepeopledoseemtogetcaughtbythepoliceduringthattime.Theideathatthemooninfluencesbehaviourhasbeenstudiedforthousandsofyears—eventheword“lunacy”，whichmeanscrazybehaviour，isbasedontheword“luna”or“moon”．
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。
文章对一些说法进行了真伪辨别。
13．Indoctors'opinion，agrass eatingdogorcat________．
A．showsanimalsalsohavestomachproblems
B．behaveslikethatforpersonalreasons
C．showsanimalsenjoytastyfood
D．isasignofr
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