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专题09情态动词和虚拟语气知识精讲届江苏高考英语单项填空讲练测精品系列学案Word版含答案
情态动词
情态动词本身有词义,但是没有人称和数的变化。
情态动词有时态的变化,但是不能独立作谓语。
情态动词可以表示:
能力、义务、可能性和允许等意义;情态动词还可以用来给人们:
提出请求、提出建议、提供帮助以及提出意见等。
一、can/could的用法
1.表示“能力”
①Comehere,Mary.Ifyoustandatthisangle,you______justseethesunset.
A.mustB.needC.canD.should
②ThereweresomanypeopleinthehallthenthatI_______hardlypickoutmysister.
A.shouldB.wouldC.couldD.might
③Itwassonoisythatwe_______hearourselvesspeak.
A.couldn’tB.shouldn’tC.mustn’tD.needn’t
2.表示“允许”
与may/might意义接近。
could可用于现在时,只是语气更加委婉、客气,回答时则一般要用can而不用could。
①_______Ihaveawordwithyou?
Itwon’ttakelong.
A.CanB.MustC.ShallD.Should
②—CouldIuseyourbike,Jack?
—Ofcourse,you_______.
A.canB.mayC.couldD.might
3.表示“可能性”
①Althoughyou_______findbargainsinLondon,it’snotgenerallyacheapplacetoshop.
A.shouldB.needC.mustD.can
②Theirhopewasthatanewandbettercountry_______beborn.
A.mayB.couldC.mustD.need
4.cannever/can’t…too表示“无论怎样……也不过分”,“越……越好”
cannotbutdosth.不得不,只好
cannothelpbutdosth.不得不,禁不住做某事
①Mikeiskind,determinedandfullofenergy.Inaword________,Ican’tspeaktoohighlyofhim.
A.won’tB.can’tC.canD.will
②Heissuchanunselfishman.Youcannothelpbut_______him.
A.respectB.torespectC.neglectD.toneglect
③I_______thetruthofyourremarks,althoughtheygoagainstmyinterests.
A.cannotbutadmitB.cannotbuttoadmit
C.cannotbutadmittingD.cannothelpbutadmitting
5.表示“经过努力后终于能……”用beableto,它比can有更多的时态形式上的变化
—Didn’ttheycometothepartylastweek?
—Yes.Theydidn’twanttocomewithusatfirst,butthenwe_______persuadethem.
A.wouldB.couldC.wereabletoD.hadto
二、may与might
1.表示允许,意为“可以,许可”,用法基本上同can与could。
①—MayItakethisbookoutofthereadingroom?
—No,you_______.Youreaditinhere.
A.mightn’tB.won’tC.needn’tD.mustn’t
②—_______Itakethebookout?
—I’mafraidnot.
A.WillB.MayC.MustD.Need
2.表示可能性,意为“也许,可能”
①Somepeoplewhodon’tliketotalkmucharenotnecessarilyshy;they_______justbequietpeople.
A.mustB.mayC.shouldD.would
②Thetrafficisheavythisday,I_______arriveabitlate,socouldyousavemeaplace?
A.canB.mustC.need.D.might
③Childrenofdivorcedparents_______havedifficultyinformingstablerelationshipsthemselves.
A.willB.shouldC.mayD.could
3.may可以放在句首,表示祝愿
①_______everyoneofyousucceedinpassingthemid-termexamination.
A.MayB.CouldC.MightD.Would
②—Mye—dictionaryisnowheretobefound.Who_______havetakenit?
—Keeplookingandyouwillfindit._______youhavegoodluck!
A.should;NeedB.should;MayC.could;MayD.could;Need
4.may或might可和(justas)well连用,表示“建议”,译为“还不如,倒不如,不妨”等
①HiswayofaddressingonehardproblemlastFriday_______giverisetoanother.
A.wouldratherB.maywellC.shallD.need
②—Well,lostagain!
—Itisnotveryimportant.We_______forgetaboutit.OK?
A.cannotbutB.havetoC.mightwellD.mightaswell
三、must与haveto
1.must“必须”用来表示说话人的主观看法;haveto“不得不”表示客观的需要,强调外部的压力
①Doctorssaythatexerciseisimportantforhealth,butit_______beregularexercise.
A.canB.willC.mustD.may
②—ShallIinformhimofthechangeoftheschedulerightnow?
—Iamafraidyou_______,incasehecomeslateforthemeeting.
A.willB.mustC.mayD.can
③Thetrafficlightisred,soI_______stopmycar.
A.mustB.havetoC.canD.mustn’t
④Themoneywassoonspent,sohe_______gohungry.
A.mustB.hadtoC.mightD.should
⑤Thenewlawstatesthatpeopledriveafterdrinkingalcohol.
A.wouldn’tB.needn’tC.won’tD.mustn’t
2.表示“不必”,须用don’thaveto或needn’t。
must的否定式表示“禁止,绝对不可”
①You_______buyagift,butyoucanifyouwantto.
A.mustB.mustn’tC.havetoD.don’thaveto
②—Whatdoyouthinkwecandoforouragedparents?
—You_______doanythingexcepttobewiththemandbeyourself
A.don’thavetoB.oughtn’ttoC.mustn’tD.can’t
3.表示“偏执”,“固执”
—_______youinterruptnow?
Can’tyouseeI’monthephone?
—SorrySir,butit’surgent.
A.CanB.ShouldC.MustD.Would
四、shall
1.用于第一、第三人称疑问句中,表示说话人征求对方的意见和向对方请示
①—_______Ibookatablefordinnerinadvance?
—Yes,you_______.Therestaurantisalwaysfullofpeople.
A.Must;canB.Will;willC.Shall;needD.Shall;must
②—_______hecomeinorwaitoutside?
—Lethimin,please.
A.ShallB.WillC.DoesD.Has
2.用于第二、第三人称陈述句中,表示说话人给对方的允诺、命令、警告、威胁、强制。
在条约、规章、法令等文件中表示义务或规定
①—Ihaven’tgotthereferencebookyet,butI’llhaveatestonthesubjectnextmonth.
—Don’tworry.Y