六级精品题.docx
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六级精品题
六级阅读强化提高班
主讲:
吴洋
新六级阅读简介
阅读部分总体概述:
满分:
249分,占比:
35%
题目位于写作与听力之后,
第36-65题,解题时间40min分为SectionA,B,C三个部分
SectionA选词填空
400词分值5%解题时间:
10min3,55
简介:
该项共10题,考察考生词汇运用、语法、语言的连贯和一致、文章结构的能力。
SectionB信息匹配
1500词分值10%解题时间:
15min7,1
简介:
该项共10题,考察考生快速搜寻信息的能力(定位)以及同义替换的能力。
SectionC仔细阅读
500词×2分值20%解题时间:
15min14,2
简介:
该项共10题,考察考生把握文中具体信息及其推断、文章与段落结构、作者态度等能力。
六级成绩报道为:
均值为500,标准差为70的常模正态分布。
报道分
百分位
报道分
百分位
报道分
百分位
报道分
百分位
330
1
430
16
530
66
630
98
350
2
450
23
550
76
650
99
370
4
470
33
570
84
670
99.5
390
6
490
42
590
90
410
10
510
53
610
95
六级考试难度是稳中有升的。
原因有二:
1、经常改革,题目难多易少;
2、计分方式:
常模转换分(标准分),常模群体为“全国若干所重点大学的近万名本科生组成”,若干所指:
北大、清华、上海交大、复旦、中科大和西安交大。
六级阅读复习策略:
1、词汇为船,语法为桨,解题技巧为风;
2、重视一词多义、熟词生义现象;
3、多研究和把握长句结构;
4、做完题后一定要研究解题技巧;
5、限时训练与限地训练。
细节题方法介绍
细节题
(一):
题型特征
一、细节题题干特征
1、紧抓题干关键词:
关键词又名定位词,即题干中的专有名词、一般名词、时间词、数词等,有时动词也可参与。
用这种词回原文直接寻找定位句,一般情况下读完定位句就会有答案。
注意:
关键词必须是全文不常见的词,不找文中常见的词。
如果题干较长,关键词不能只找一个。
找词组优于找单词本身。
2、注意题干中的时间词:
包括intheearlydays,usedto,currently等,防止原文给出不同时间,而设计答非所问的错误答案。
3、注意题干中的强调词:
包括chiefconcern,realreason,mostprobably等,防止原文出现很多原因或理由,而设计答非所问的错误答案。
最重要最强调的往往也与文章主题相关。
4、注意题干句子的主语:
弄清是否含有author,分清作者观点和其他人的观点,防止答非所问。
例子
Low-levelslash-and-burnfarmingdoesn'tharmrainforest.Onthecontrary,ithelpsfarmersandimprovesforestsoils.ThisistheunorthodoxviewofaGermansoilscientistwhohasshownthat.....
Welearnfromthepassagethatthetraditionalviewofslash-and-burnfarmingisthat________.(05-6-11)
A.itdoesnoharmtothetopsoiloftherainforest
B.itdestroysrainforestsoils
C.ithelpsimproverainforestsoils
D.itdiminishestheorganicmatterinrainforestsoils
It'spossiblethatplutocratsareexpressingsolidaritywiththestrugglingmiddleclassaspartofanefforttoinsulatethemselvesfromconfiscatory(没收性的)taxpolicies.Buttheprospectthatincomeinequalitywillleadtohighertaxesonthewealthydoesn'tkeepplutocratsupatnight.Theycanlivewiththat.
No,whattheyfearwasthatthepoliticalchallengesofsustainingsupportforglobaleconomicintegrationwillbemoredifficultintheUnitedStatesbecauseofwhathashappenedtothedistributionofincomeandeconomicinsecurity.
60.Whatistherealreasonforplutocratstoexpresssolidaritywiththemiddleclass?
A.Theywanttoprotectthemselvesfromconfiscatorytaxation.
B.Theyknowthatthemiddleclasscontributesmosttosociety.
C.Theywanttogainsupportforglobaleconomicintegration.
D.Theyfeelincreasinglythreatenedbyeconomicinsecurity.
二、原文的考点特征:
1、对应原文转折句:
如含有however,but,nevertheless,onthecontrary等词的句子;
如果首末段有转折句,一定要看,与文章主题相关。
所有转折中,however处设计正确答案的可能性最高。
2、对应原文因果关系:
如含有because,thus,asaresult等词的句子,常见于题目问到why;
有时因果关系会用一些短语表示,如amountto/attributeto/inthat/outof等。
3、对应原文强调描述:
如含有especially,primarily,most,only,adj.最高级等词的句子。
4、对应系表结构(...is/are...)所在的长句,如:
Theprimedifferenceisthat.....
Whattheyfearwasthat.....
5、对应原文的递进与总结:
如allinall,inconclusion,moreover,inaddition等。
注意:
如果题目没有对应上原文的这些特征,也属正常。
定位的唯一依据是题干信息。
例子
America'sinjuredworkerscouldsuefordamagesinacourtoflaw,buttheystillfacedanumberoftoughlegalbarriers.Forexample,employeeshadtoprovethattheirinjuriesdirectlyresultedfromemployernegligenceandthattheythemselveswereignorantaboutpotentialhazardsintheworkplace.
OneoftheproblemstheAmericaninjuredworkersfacedingettingcompensationintheearly19thcenturywasthat_______.(02-12-28)
A.theyhadtohavethecouragetosuefordamagesinacourtoflaw
B.differentstatesintheU.S.hadtotallydifferentcompensationprograms
C.America'saveragecompensationbenefitwasmuchlowerthanthecostofliving
D.theyhadtoproduceevidencethattheiremployerswereresponsiblefortheaccident
Icameawayfrommyyearsofteachingonthecollegeanduniversitylevelwithaconvictionthatenactment(扮演角色),performance,dramatizationarethemostsuccessfulformsofteaching.Studentsmustbeincorporated,made,sofaraspossible,anintegralpartofthelearningprocess.Thenotionthatlearningshouldhaveinitanelementofinspiredplaywouldseemtothegreaterpartoftheacademicestablishmentmerelysilly,butthatisnonethelessthecase.(03-6-26)
Theauthorbelievesthatasuccessfulteachershouldbeableto_____.
A.makedramatizationanimportantaspectofstudents'learning
B.makeinspiredplayanintegralpartofthelearningprocess
C.improvestudents'learningperformance
D.makestudyjustaseasyasplay
细节题
(二):
正确答案与错误答案特征
正确答案的特征:
1、符合题意,忠实原文;
2、是原文定位句的同义转述,含有同义词替换:
解释型(最常见)
3、是原文定位句的取反表达:
取反型
4、是原文某几句话的概括总结:
总结型
例子
MotivatedinpartbyChristiancompassion(怜悯)forthehelplessaswellasapracticalpoliticalimpulsetoundercutthesupportofthesocialistlabormovement,ChancellorBismarckcreatedtheworld'sfirstworkers'compensationlawin1884.
Theworld'sfirstworkers'compensationlawwasintroducedbyBismarck______.(02-12-31)
A.tomakeindustrialproductionsafer
B.tospeedupthepaceofindustrialization
C.outofreligiousandpoliticalconsiderations
D.forfearoflosingthesupportofthesocialistlabormovement
Ironically,highconsumptionmaybeamixedblessinginhumanterms,too.Thetime-honoredvaluesofintegrityofcharacter,goodwork,friendship,familyandcommunityhaveoftenbeensacrificedintherushtoriches.(02-12-38)
Whydoestheauthorsayhighconsumptionisamixedblessing?
A.Becausepovertystillexistsinanaffluentsociety.
B.Becausemoralvaluesaresacrificedinpursuitofmaterialsatisfaction.
C.Becauseoverconsumptionwon'tlastlongduetounrestrictedpopulationgrowth.
D.Becausetraditionalritualsareoftenneglectedintheprocessofmodernization.
ThesuccessofBillGatesandothernon-MBAs,suchasthelateSamWaltonofWal-MartStoresInc.,hashelpedinspireself-consciousdebatesonbusinessschoolcampusesovertheworthofabusinessdegreeandwhethermanagementskillscanbetaught.
ItseemsthatthecontroversyoverthevalueofMBAdegreeshadbeenfueledmainlyby________.(02-6-22)
A.thecomplaintsfromvariousemployers
B.thesuccessofmanynon-MBAs
C.thecriticismfromthescientistsofpurerdisciplines
D.thepoorperformanceofMBAsatwork
错误答案的特征:
1、无中生有:
出现原文没有的细节,如增添了不相关的名词或动词,或把某一句话画蛇添足。
2、偷换概念:
将定位句的名词或动词,换为与文章有关的另一个名词或动词,这一点难以察觉,值得谨慎。
3、正反混淆:
表述与原文的感情色彩相反,常为动词或形容词的错误。
4、因果颠倒:
将定位句中两事物出现的顺序颠倒,常通过表示因果关系的词来替换。
5、答非所问:
表述与原文一致,可惜不是题目问的(注意题目的主语是否与原文定位句的主语一致)。
熟练掌握错误答案的特征分成两种类型,一类是符合题干的错误(错词),一类是不符合题干的错误。
例子
Thehighlyprecisedatafromthetwoinstruments—which,Billehopes,willonedaybefoundattheopticians(眼镜商)allovertheworld—serveasabasisfortheproductionofcompletelyindividualizedcontactlensesthatcorrectandenhancethewearer'svision.
Individualizedcontactlenses(Line7,Para.2)arelensesdesigned________.(03-6-38)
A.toworklikeanastronomicaltelescope
B.tosuitthewearer'sspecificneeds
C.toprocessextremelyaccuratedata
D.totestthewearer'seyesight
Bille'slensesareexpectedtoreachthemarketintheyear2000,andonetentativeplanistousetheInternettotransmitinformationonpatients'visualdefectsfromtheopticiantothemanufacturer,whowillthenproduceandmailthecontactlenseswithinacoupleofdays.Thephysicistexpectsthelensestocostaboutadollarapair,aboutthesameasconventionalone-daydisposablelenses.
WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutBille‘slenses?
(03-6-40)
A.Theirproductionprocessiscomplicated.
B.Theywillbesoldataverylowprice.
C.Theyhavetobereplacedeveryday.
D.PurchaseorderscanbemadethroughtheInternet.
Contrastthiswithfarmingsincethestartoftheindustrialrevolution.Competitionfromoverseasledfarmerstospecialiseandincreaseyields.Throughoutthisperiodfoodbecamecheaper,saferandmorereliable.However,thesechangeshavealsoledtohabitat(栖息地)lossandtodiminishingbiodiversity.(08-12-53)
53.Specialisationandtheefforttoincreaseyieldshaveresultedin_____.
A.localisedpollution
B.theshrinkingoffarmland
C.competitionfromoverseas
D.thedecreaseofbiodiversity
常见表示因果关系的短语:
AresultinBAamounttoBAgivebirthtoB
AaccountforBAresponsibleforBAgiverisetoB
(以上短语A为原因,B为结果)
AresultfromBAattributetoBAowetoB
AoriginatefromB AderivefromBAstemfromB
(以上短语B为原因,A为结果)
细节题(三):
处理文章中的单词、句子
一、文章中不认识的单词(词汇题做法):
1、标志:
题干引用原文一个超纲单词,问其意思;
2、做法:
词根词缀法:
适合有明显词根词缀的单词;用此法的考生必须熟记常见的词根词缀,尤其是词根。
如cess/gress表示“向前走”,verse/volve表示“旋转”,tain表示“维持、容纳”,ject表示“投、抛”,clude表示“关闭”,cide/cis表示“杀”等。
上下文猜测法:
包括上下文同样词性的词(如均为名词),同样语法位置的词(如均为主语),句间关系(如因果、条件、并列关系等);如:
AandB,A,but....B....InspiteofA,.....B.....
代入法:
将四个选项的单词一一代入后阅读,根据语感看哪个最通顺。
例子
Somefuturologistshaveassumedthatthevastupsurge(剧增)ofwomenintheworkforcemayportendarejectionofmarriage.Manywomen,accordingtothishypothesis,wouldratherworkthanmarry.Theconverse(反面)ofthisconcernisthattheprospectsofbecomingamulti-paycheckhouseholdcouldencouragemarriages.
Theword“portend”(Line2,Para.1)isclosestinmeaningto“_____”.(03-12-26)
A.defyB.signalC.sufferfromD.resultfrom
Warisnotsimplyatrialbycombatingtosettledisputesbetweenstates;itisthemomentwhenthestatemakesitsmostpowerfuldemandsuponitspeoplefortheircommitment,allegiance,andsupremesacrifice.Timesofwartestacommunity'sdeepestreligiousandethicalcommitments.
Theword“allegiance”(Line4,Para.3)isclosestinmeaningto_____.(02-6-34)
A.loyaltyB.objective
C.survivalD.motive
二、如何处理长句:
1、主语从句(it做形式主语),如:
Sur