六级历届真题及复习资料.docx

六级历届真题及复习资料.docx

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六级历届真题及复习资料

2014年12月大学英语六级考试阅读真题及答案

PartIIIreadingcomprehension

　　SectionA

　　HisfuturesubjectshavenotalwaystreatedthePrinceofWaleswiththerespectoneXXXXexpect.Theylaughedaloudin1986whentheheirtotheBritish（37）_____toldaTVreporterthathetalkedtohisplantsathiscountryhouse,Highgrove,tostimulatetheirgrowth.ThePrincewasbeinghumorous-“Mysenseofhumorwillgetmeintotroubleoneday”,hesaidtohisaids（随从）-butlisteningtoCharlesWindsorcanindeedprovestimulating.Theroyal（38）_____hasbeenpromotingradicalideasformostofhisadultlife.Someofhis（39）_____,whichoncesoundedabitweird,weresimplyaheadoftheirtime.Now,finally,theworldseemstobecatchingupwithhim.

　　Takehisviewsonfarming.PrinceCharles’DuchyHomeFarmwent（40）_____backin1986.Whenmostshopperscaredonlyaboutthelowpricetagonsuspiciouslyblemish-free（无瑕疵的）vegetables

　　（单项选择题）_____

　　A.conform

　　B.eccentric

　　C.environmentalist

　　D.expeditions

　　E.impact

　　F.notions

　　G.organic

　　H.originally

　　I.recognition

　　J.respond

　　K.subordinate

　　L.suppressing

　　M.throne

　　N.unnaturally

　　O.urging

　　SectionB

　　Directions：

Directions：

Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.

　　HighSchoolSportsAren'tKillingAcademics

　　A）Inthismonth'sAtlanticcoverarticle,"TheCaseAgainstHigh-SchoolSports,"AmandaRipleyarguesthatschool-sponsoredsportsprogramsshouldbeseriouslycut.Shewritesthat,unlikemostcountriesthatoutperformtheUnitedStatesoninternationalassessments,Americanschoolsputtoomuchofanemphasisonathletics,"SportsareembeddedinAmericanschoolsinawaytheyarenotalmostanywhereelse,"shewrites,"YetthisdifferencehardlyevercomesupindomesticdebatesaboutAmerica'sinternationalmediocrity（平庸）ineducation."

　　B）Americanstudent-athletesreapmanybenefitsfromparticipatinginsports,butthecoststotheschoolscouldoutweightheirbenefits,sheargues,Inparticular,Ripleycontendsthatsportscrowdouttheacademicmissionsofschools:

AmericashouldlearnfromSouthKoreaandFinlandandeveryothercountryatthetoplevelofinternationaltestscores,allofwhomemphasizeathleticsfarlessinschool."Evenineighthgrade,AmericankidsspendmorethantwicethetimeKoreankidsspendplayingsports,"shewrites,citinga2010studypublishedintheJournalofAdvancedAcademics.

　　C）ItmightwellbetruethatsportsarefarmorerootedinAmericanhighschoolsthaninothercountries.Butourreadingofinternationaltestscoresfindsnosupportfortheargumentagainstschoolathletics.Indeed,ourownresearchandthatofothersleadustomaketheoppositecase.School-sponsoredsportsappeartoprovidebenefitsthatseemtoincrease,notdetract（减少）from,academicsuccess.

　　D）Ripleyindulgesapopularobsession（痴迷）withinternationaltestscorecomparisons,whichshowwideandfrighteninggapsbetweentheUnitedStatesandothercountries.Sheignores,however,thefactthatstatesvaryatleastasmuchintestscoresasdodevelopedcountries.A2011reportfromHarvardUniversityshowsthatMassachusettsproducesmathscorescomparabletoSouthKoreaandFinland,whileMississippiscoresareclosertoTrinidadandTobago.Ripley'sthesisaboutsportsfallsapartinlightofthisfact.SchoolsinMassachusettsprovidesportsprogramswhileschoolsinFinlanddonot.SchoolsinMississippimaylovefootballwhileinTobagointerscholasticsportsarenowherenearasprominent.Sportscannotexplainthesesimilaritiesinperformance.Theycan'texplaininternationaldifferenceseither.

　　E）IfitistruethatsportsunderminetheacademicmissionofAmericanschools,wewouldexpecttoseeanegativerelationshipbetweenthecommitmenttoathleticsandacademicachievement.However,theUniversityofArkansas'sDanielBowenandJayGreeneactuallyfindtheopposite.Theyexaminethisrelationshipbyanalyzingschools'sportswinningpercentagesaswellasstudent-athleticparticipationratescomparedtograduationratesandstandardizedtestscoreachievementoverafive-yearperiodforallpublichighschoolsinOhio.Controllingforstudentpovertylevels,demographics（人口统计状况）,anddistrictfinancialresources,bothmeasuresofaschool'scommitmenttoathleticsaresignificantlyandpositivelyrelatedtolowerdropoutratesaswellashighertestscores.

　　F）On-the-fieldsuccessandhighparticipationinsportsisnotrandom-itrequiresfocusanddedicationtoathletics.Onemightthinkthiswouldleadschoolsobsessedwithwinningtodeemphasizeacademics.BowenandGreene'sresultscontradictthatargument.Alikelyexplanationforthisseeminglycounterintuitive（与直觉相反的）resultisthatsuccessinsportsprogramsactuallyfacilitatesorreflectsgreatersocialcapitalwithinaschool'scommunity.

　　G）RipleycitesthewritingsofrenownedsociologistJamesColeman,whoseresearchineducationwasgroundbreaking.Colemaninhisearlyworkheldathleticsincontempt,arguingthattheycrowdedoutschools'academicmissions.Ripleyquoteshis1961study,TheAdolescentSociety,whereColemanwrites,"Altogether,thetrophy（奖品）casewouldsuggesttotheinnocentvisitorthathewasenteringanathleticclub,notaneducationalinstitution."

　　H）However,inlaterresearchColemanwouldshowhowthesuccessofschoolsishighlydependentonwhathetermedsocialcapital,"thesocialnetworks,andtherelationshipsbetweenadultsandchildrenthatareofvalueforthechild’sgrowingup."

　　I）Accordingtoa2013evaluationconductedbytheCrimeLabattheUniversityofChicago,aprogramcalledBecomingaMan-SportsEditioncreateslastingimprovementsintheboys'studyhabitsandgradepointaverages.Duringthefirstyearoftheprogram,studentswerefoundstobelesslikelytotransferschoolsorbeengagedinviolentcrime.Ayearaftertheprogram,participantswerelesslikelytohavehadanencounterwiththejuvenilejusticesystem.

　　J）Ifschool-sponsoredsportswerecompletelyeliminatedtomorrow,manyAmericanstudentswouldstillhaveopportunitiestoparticipateinorganizedathleticselsewhere,muchliketheydoincountriessuchasFinland,Germany,andSouthKorea.Thesameisnotcertainwhenitcomestostudentsfrommoredisadvantagedbackgrounds.Inanoverviewoftheresearchonnon-schoolbasedafter-schoolprograms,researchersfindthatdisadvantagedchildrenparticipateintheseprogramsatsignificantlylowerrates.Theyfindthatlow-incomestudentshavelessaccessduetochallengeswithregardtotransportation,non-nominalfees,andoff-campussafety.Therefore,reducingoreliminatingtheseopportunitieswouldmostlikelydeprivedisadvantagedstudentsofthebenefitsfromathleticparticipation,notleastofwhichistheopportunitytointeractwithpositiverolemodelsoutsideofregularschoolhours.

　　K）AnotherunfoundedcriticismthatRipleymakesisbringingupthestereotypethatathleticcoachesaretypicallylousy（蹩脚的）classroomteachers."Americanprincipals,unlikethevastmajorityofprincipalsaroundtheworld,makemanyhiringdecisionswiththeirsportsteamsinmind,whichdoesnotalwaysendwellforstudents,"shewrites.Educatorswhoseekemploymentatschoolsprimarilyforthepurposeofcoachingarelikelytoshirk（推卸）teachingresponsibilities,theargumentgoes.Moreover,eveninthecaseswheretheemployeeisateacherfirstandathleticcoachsecond,theadditionalresponsibilitiesthatcomewithcoachinglikelycomesattheexpenseoftimeotherwisespentonplanning,grading,andcommunicatingwithparentsandguardians.

　　L）Thedata,however,donotseemtoconfirmthisstereotype.Inthemostrigorousstudyontheclassroomresultsofhighschoolcoaches,theUniversityofArkansas'sAnnaEgalitefindsthatathleticcoachesinFloridamostlytendtoperformjustaswellastheirnon-coachingcounterparts,withrespecttoraisingstudenttestscores.Wedonotdoubtthatteacherswhoalsocoachfaceserioustradeoffsthatlikelycomeattheexpenseoftimetheycoulddedicatetotheiracademicobligations.However,aswithsportingevents,athleticcoachesgainadditionalopportunitiesforcommunicatingandservingasmentors（导师）thatpotentiallyhelpstudentssucceedandmakeupforthecostsofcoachingcommitments.

　　M）Ifschoolsallowstudent-athletestoregularlymissoutoninstructionaltimeforthesakeoftravelingtoathleticcompetitions,that'sbad.However,suchissueswouldbebetteraddressedbychangingschoolandstatepolicieswithregardtotheschedulingofsportingeventsasopposedtototalelimination.Iftheempiricalevidencepointstoanything,itpointstowardsschoolsponsoredsportsprovidingassetsthatarewellworththecosts.

　　N）DespitenegativestereotypesaboutsportscultureandRipley'spresumptionthatacademicsandathleticsareatoddswithoneanother,webelievethatthegreaterbodyofevidenceshowsthatschool-sponsoredsportsprogramsappeartobenefitstudents.Successesontheplayingfieldcancarryovertotheclassroomandviceversa（反之亦然）.Moreimportantly,findingwaystoincreaseschoolcommunities'socialcapitalisimperativetothesuccessoftheschoolaswhole,notjusttheathletes.

　　47　　Studentsfromlow-incomefamilieshavelessaccesstooff-campussportsprograms

　　48　　AmandaRipleyarguesthatAmericashouldlearnfromothercountriesthatrankhighininternationaltestsandlaylessemphasisonathletics.

　　49　　Acc