甘肃省兰州一中学年高一下学期期末考试试题英语 解析版.docx

甘肃省兰州一中学年高一下学期期末考试试题英语 解析版.docx

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甘肃省兰州一中学年高一下学期期末考试试题英语解析版

第I卷选择题（共三节，满分60分）

第一节（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D中选出最佳选项。

A

Thevalue-packed,all-inclusivesight-seeingpackagethatcombinesthebestofSydney’sharbor,city,bayandbeachhighlights.

ASydneyPassgivesyouunlimitedandflexibletravelontheExplorerBuses：

the‘red’SydneyExplorershowsyouaroundourexcitingcitysightswhilethe‘blue’BondiExplorervisitsSydneyHarbourbaysandfamousbeaches.Taketothewaterononeofthreemagnificentdailyharborcruises（游船）.YoucanalsotravelfreeonregularSydneyBuses,SydneyFerriesorCityRailservices（limitedarea）,soyoucangotoeverycornerofthisbeautifulcity.

ImaginebrowsingatDarlingHarbour,tastingthefamousseafoodatWatsonsBayorenjoyingthecitylightsonaneveningferrycruise.ThepossibilitiesandplansareendlesswithaSydneyPass.Whereveryoudecidetogo,rememberthatbookingsarenotrequiredonanyofourservicessoticketsaretreatedonafirstin,firstseatedbasis.

SydneyPassesareavailablefor3,5or7daysforuseovera7-calendar-dayperiod.Witha3or5-daypassyouchooseonwhichdaysoutofthe7youwanttouseit.AllSydneyPassesincludeafreeAirportExpressinwardtripbeforestartingyour3,5or7days,andthereturntripisvalidfor2monthsfromthefirstdayyourticketwasused.

SydneyPassFares

Adult

Child*

Family**

3-dayticket

$90

$45

$225

5-dayticket

$120

$60

$300

7-dayticket

$140

$70

$350

*Achildisdefinedasanyonefromtheagesof4yearstounder16years.Childrenunder4yearstravelfree.

**Afamilyisdefinedas2adultsandanynumberofchildrenfrom4tounder16yearsofagefromthesamefamily.

1.ASydneyPassdoesn’tofferunlimitedrideson________.

A.theExplorerBusesB.theharborcruises

C.regularSydneyBusesD.CityRailservices

2.WithaSydneyPass,atravellercan________.

A.savefaresfromandtotheairport

B.taketheSydneyExplorertobeaches

C.enjoythefamousseafoodforfree

D.reserveseatseasilyinarestaurant

3.If5-dayticketsweretoberecommendedtoamotherwhotravelledwithhercolleagueandherchildren,aged3,6and10,whatwouldthelowestcostbe？

A.$225.B.$300.C.$360.D.$420.

【答案】1.D2.A3.C

【解析】

试题分析：

文章介绍了如何使用悉尼公交的一种乘车证。

SydneyPass提供3，5，7天不等的悉尼的海港城市，海湾和海滩等地旅游路线。

【1题详解】

D细节推理题。

根据第二段最后一句CityRailservices（limitedarea）,soyoucangotoeverycornerofthisbeautifulcity可判断，故选D.

【2题详解】

A细节推理题。

根据AllSydneyPassesincludeafreeAirportExpressinwardtrip可知有乘车卡可以节省来往机场的费用，故选A.

【3题详解】

C推理判断题。

根据图表和下面的说明可知：

Childrenunder4yearstravelfree，说明三岁的孩子免费，所以两个成年人是240元加上两个小孩120元，共360元。

故选C.

考点：

考查广告类短文阅读。

【名师点睛】

做好细节理解题的几点建议：

细节理解题属直接解答性问题，是阅读理解题中最简单的一种，多数属中低难度的题。

但高考所占的比例大，应特别引起注意。

事实和细节题的命题特点是：

对文章或某一段落中的一些特定细节或文章重要事实的理解，一般包括直接理解题和语义转化题。

直接理解题能在原文直接找到答案，而语义转化题则需要将题目信息与原文信息加工或整理后才能得出结论。

做细节理解题具体方法与步骤如下：

①略读材料，大概了解原文，掌握中心或主旨；

②按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关的信息词。

如forexample,first,second…等预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实；

③将自己精力放在寻找你所需要的细节上。

快速通篇跳读，全文扫视，找到细节出处，待找到含细节句子时，放慢速度，仔细核对比较内容，直至找到答案。

如第21小题根据第二段最后一句CityRailservices（limitedarea）,soyoucangotoeverycornerofthisbeautifulcity可判断，故选D.第22小题根据AllSydneyPassesincludeafreeAirportExpressinwardtrip可知有乘车卡可以节省来往机场的费用，故选A.

B

Transportationandcommunicationnetworksbringpeopletogether.Yetsometimespeoplethemselvescreatebarriers（障碍）totransportationandcommunication.Insomecountries,lawsstoppeoplefrommovingfreelyfromplacetoplace.Overthecenturies,manygroupsofpeoplehavebeendeniedthefreedomtotravelbecauseoftheirrace,religion,ornationality.IntheMiddleAges,forexample,Jewswereoftenforbiddentomoveaboutfreelywithincertaincities.SouthAfrica'sgovernmentusedtorequireblackAfricanstocarrypasseswhentheytravelwithinthecountry.Somegovernmentsrequireallcitizenstocarryidentificationpapersandtoreporttogovernmentofficialswhenevertheymove.

Countriessetupcustomspostsattheirborders.Foreigntravellersmustgothroughacustomsinspectionbeforetheyareallowedtotravelinthecountry.Usuallytravellershavetocarryspecialpaperssuchaspassportsandvisas（签证）.Somecountriesevenlimitthenumberofvisitorstotheircountryeachyear.Othersallowtouriststovisitonlycertainareasofthecountry,ortheymayrequirethattravellersbewithanofficialguideatalltimesduringtheirstay.

Manyofthosebarrierstotravelalsoactasbarrierstocommunication.

Whentwogovernmentsdisagreewitheachotheronimportantmatters,theyusuallydonotwanttheircitizenstoexchangenewsorideasfreely.Countriesoftentrytokeepmilitaryorindustrialinformationsecret.

Today,peoplehavetheabilitytotravel,tocommunicate,andtotransportgoodsmorequicklyandeasilythaneverbefore.Naturalbarriersthatweredifficultordangeroustocrossahundredyearsagocannowbecrossedeasily.Thebarriersthatpeoplethemselvesmakearenotsoeasytoovercome.Butinspiteofallthedifferentkindsofbarriers,peoplecontinuetoenjoytravelandtheexchangeofgoodsandideas.

4.Theexamplesinparagraph1areusedtotellthereadersthat_______

A.peoplehavebeenallowedtotravelfreelywithinthecountry

B.peoplehavenotbeenpermittedtotravelfreelyforvariousreasons

C.travellershavetocarryspecialpaperssuchaspassportsandvisas

D.customspostsarenecessaryatthebordersofthecountries

5.Somegovernmentslimitthefreedomofcommunicationbecause___

A.theyintendtokeeptheirnationalsecretsunknowntoothers

B.theythinksuchfreedomwillleadtowars

C.theyoftendisagreewitheachotheronimportantmatters

D.theywanttoshowtheirauthorityovercommunication

6.Wemaylearnfromthepassagethat_______

A.peopledonotcareabouttheremovalofbarriersbetweencountries

B.peoplecannotremovetheobstaclesmadebythemselves

C.man-madebarriersaresometimeshardertoovercomethannaturalones

D.barriersshouldbetakenforgrantedastheyalwaysexist

7.Whichofthefollowingcanserveasthebesttitleofthepassage？

A.BarriersMadebyPeople

B.FunctionsofCommunication

C.RestrictionsonTransportation

D.ProgressofHumanSociety

【答案】4.B5.A6.C7.A

【解析】

试题分析：

在当今全球化大背景下，人们交流的形式多种多样，不仅有最常见的语言沟通，以及旅游等渐渐成为一个重要的沟通途径，但是在这种情况下，交流障碍与信息沟通壁垒同样存在，本文分析这一方面。

【4题详解】

B主旨大意题。

根据原文可以总结出段落大意：

Yetsometimespeoplethemselvescreatebarriers（障碍）totransportationandcommunication.（然而有时候，人们又在交通和沟通方面上制造出一些障碍）所以目前来讲，沟通并不是完全畅通无阻的。

【5题详解】

A细节理解题。

根据原文的Countriesoftentrytokeepmilitaryorindustrialinformationsecret.（一些国家经常试图保护军队或者工业机密信息）所以选择A项。

【6题详解】

C细节理解题。

根据原文的Naturalbarriersthatweredifficultordangeroustocrossahundredyearsagocannowbecrossedeasily.（在数百年前可能看起来很难打破或者打破后极具危险性的自然障碍却在今天很容易打破）言外之意是人为造成的障碍很难被打破。

【7题详解】

A主旨大意题。

本文主要针对一些国家的保护主义，他们试图不想让外界知道他们所谓的机密信息。

这样是不利于全球无障碍交流的，所以选择A项。

考点：

社会类文章。

C

Engineeringstudentsaresupposedtobeexamplesofpracticalityandrationality（理智）,butwhenitcomestomycollegeeducationIamanidealistandafool.InhighschoolIwantedtobeanelectricalengineerand,ofcourse,anysensiblestudentwithmyaimswouldhavechosenacollegewithalargeengineeringdepartment,famousreputationandlotsofgoodlabsandresearchequipment.Butthat’snotwhatIdid.

Ichosetostudyengineeringatasmallliberal-arts（文科）universitythatdoesn’tevenofferamajorinelectricalengineering.Obviously,thiswasnotapracticalchoice;Icamehereformorenoblereasons.Iwantedabroadeducationthatwouldprovidemewithflexibilityandavaluesystemtoguidemeinmycareer.Iwantedtoopenmyeyesandexpandmyvisionbyinteractingwithpeoplewhoweren’tstudyingscienceorengineering.Myparents,teachersandotheradultspraisedmeforsuchasensiblechoice.TheytoldmeIwaswiseandmaturebeyondmy18years,andIbelievedthem.

IheadedofftocollegesureIwasgoingtohaveanadvantageoverthosestudentswhowenttobigengineering“factories”wheretheydidn’tcareifyouhavevaluesorwereflexible.Iwasgoingtobeacompleteengineer：

technicalgeniusandsensitivehumanist（人文学者）allinone.

NowI’mnotsosure.Somewherealongthewaymynobleidealscrashedintoreality,asallnobleidealseventuallydo.Afterthreeyearsofstrugglingtobalancemath,physicsandengineeringcourseswithliberal-artscourses,Ihavelearnedtherearereasonswhyfewengineeringstudentstrytoreconcile（协调）engineeringwithliberal-artscoursesincollege.

Therealitythathasblockedmypathtobecomethetypicalsuccessfulstudentisthatengineeringandtheliberalartssimplydon’tmixaseasilyasIassumedinhighschoolIndividuallytheyshapeapersoninverydifferentways;togethertheythreatentoconfuse.Thestruggletoreconcilethetwofieldsofstudyisdifficult.

8.Theauthorchosetostudyengineeringatasmallliberal-artsuniversitybecausehe________.

A.wantedtobeanexampleofpracticalityandrationality

B.intendedtobeacombinationofengineerandhumanist

C.wantedtocoordinateengineeringwithliberal-artscoursesincollege

D.intendedtobeasensiblestudentwithnobleideals

9.Accordingtotheauthor,byinteractingwithpeoplewhostudyliberalarts,engineeringstudentscan________.

A.balanceengineeringandtheliberalarts

B.receiveguidanceintheircareers

C.becomenobleidealists

D.broadentheirhorizons

10.Intheeyesoftheauthor,asuccessfulengineeringstudentisexpected________.

A.tohaveanexcellentacademicrecord

B.tobewiseandmature

C.tobeimaginativewithavaluesystemtoguidehim

D.tobeatechnicalgeniuswithawidevision

【答案】8.B9.D10.D

【解析】

【分析】

本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了一段自己的经历来说明自己不明智的选择，他抱着今后成为一名既是技术专家又是人文主义者的目的选择