幕墙专业英语强悍总结很系统.docx
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幕墙专业英语强悍总结很系统
DoubleSkinCurtainWall
Introduction:
☐Doubleskincurtainwall(alsocalledventilationcurtainwall,respirationtypecurtainwall,thermalchannelcurtainwall)iscomposedofoutercurtainwall,innercurtainwall,sunshade,airinletandairoutlet.Comparedwiththetraditionalcurtainwall,itsoutstandingfeatureisthatoneventilationairexchangelayerisformedbetweeninsideandoutsidelayers,whichcanimprovethelivingcomfortabilityandachievethefunctionofenergysaving.
Vocabulary:
☐1.ventilationcurtainwall:
通风式幕墙
☐2.respirationtypecurtainwall:
呼吸式幕墙
☐3.thermalchannelcurtainwall:
热通道幕墙
☐4.airinlet:
进气口
☐5.airoutlet:
出气口
☐6.airexchangelayer:
通风换气层
☐7.naturalconvection;自然对流
☐8.chimneyeffect:
烟囱效应
☐9.heatpreservation:
保温
☐10.heatinsulation:
隔热
☐11.internalcycledoubleskincurtainwall:
内循环双层幕墙
☐12.externalcycledoubleskincurtainwall:
外循环双层幕墙
☐13.thermalbreakextrusion:
断热型材
☐14.condensation:
结露
☐15.absolutehumidity:
绝对湿度
☐16.heatbridge:
热桥
☐17.airflowingrate:
空气流通率
☐18.intelligencecurtainwall:
智能幕墙
Theadvantagesaboutdoubleskincurtainwall
☐Doubleskincurtainwallisarelativelynewsystem,itsmainadvantagesareenergy-savingandcomfortable.
Howdoesdoubleskincurtainwallachievethesetwoadvantages?
☐Becauseofitsgoodthermalbreakperformance,theenergyconsumptionisquitelowered;besides,asitcanprovideniceconditionofventilation,lightandhumidity,theindoorcomfortislargelyimproved!
Howmanykindsofdoubleskincurtainwall?
☐Therearemanydifferentwaystoclassifydoubleskincurtainwall.Basicallyspeaking,itcanbedividedintotwotypesaccordingtothestructureoftheventilationlayer:
“internalcycledoubleskincurtainwall”and“externalcycledoubleskincurtainwall”.
thestructurefeatureofthesetwotypesdoubleskincurtainwall
☐For“internalcycledoubleskincurtainwall”,itsouterglasslayerisgenerallyformedbythermalbreakextrusionandinsulatedglass,itsinnerlayerisgenerallyformedbysingle-glassoropeningwindow;whilethe“externalcycledoubleskincurtainwall”iscontrary.
Comparingthesetwotypesofcurtainwalls,whichoneisbetter?
☐Bothofthemhavetheadvantagesinthewayofsun-shading,soundinsulation,comfortableetc.But“externalcycledoubleskincurtainwall”hasbetterenergy-savingperformance.
Howdoes“externalcycledoubleskincurtainwall”workandsaveenergy?
☐Takeitforexample.Inwinterwhenweclosetheairinletandairoutlet,thetemperatureofairintheairexchangelayerbecomehigherunderthesunshine,iteffectivelyincreasethetemperatureoftheinnerlayerglass.Whileinsummer,whenweopentheairinletandairoutlet,thefreshairwillflowintoairexchangelayerandmovefrombottomtotop,becausetheheatofairiscarriedawaybythechimneyeffect,thetemperatureofinnerlayerglasssurfaceisdecreased.Inthatway,energysavingeffectinWinterandSummerareachieved.
Doesthedoubleskincurtainwallhavethecondensationtrouble?
☐Fromprinciple,thedoubleskincurtainwallisbeneficialtocontroltheproductionofcondensationthroughdecreasingtheabsolutehumidityoftheairlayer,eliminatingtheheatbridgeandcontrollingtheproperventilationrate.
Whataboutthewidthoftheairexchangelayer?
☐Intheprojectsinothercountries,thewidthofthelayerisapproximatelybetween1,500mmto60mm.Theexactwidthoftheairexchangelayermustbetakenintocomprehensiveconsideration,includingstructuralstyle,ventilationsystem,airflowingrate,heatpreservationandsoundinsulationpropertiesetc.Weshouldgiveaprecisecalculationonit.
Sincedoubleskincurtainwallhassomanyadvantages,doesithaveanyshortcomings?
☐Thecostofthedoubleskincurtainwallishigher.Andwestilldon’thaveenoughevidencetoprovewhetheritisreallyenergysavingornot.
Arethereanytypicalprojectsthatuseddoubleskincurtainwallworldwide?
☐ThemosttypicalprojectsaretheheadquarterbuildingofVictoriaInsuranceCompanyofGermanyandtheRWEhigh-riseofficebuildingofEsseninGermany.
Thedevelopmentofdoubleskincurtainwall?
☐Thedoubleskincurtainwallcameintousein1990sinEuropeandthetechnologyhasalreadygonematurityafteryearsofgeneralizing.WhenthisnewtechnologyisatthebeginninginChina,anumberofcountriesinEuropeandAmericahavealreadycombinedthedoubleskincurtainwallwiththeelectroniccomputingsystemtodevelopintelligencecurtainwall.Weshouldsaywehavealongwaytogo.
Practice:
☐Vigoroustranslationisconcise:
asentenceshouldcontainnounnecessarywords,aparagraphnounnecessarysentences.
☐AlmosteverytextthathasbeentranslatedintoEnglishfromChinese,(orthathasbeenwrittendirectlyinEnglishbynativespeakerofChinese)containsunnecessarywords:
Examples:
1.Toacceleratethepaceofeconomicreform
☐Toaccelerateeconomicreform
☐(“toaccelerate”=“toincreasethepaceof”)
2.Therehavebeengoodharvestsinagriculture
☐Therehavebeengoodharvests
☐(“harvests”impliesagriculture:
thereisnoharvestsinindustry)
3.Livingstandardsforthepeopleinbothurbanandruralareascontinuedtorise
☐Livingstandardsinbothurbanandruralareascontinuedtorise
☐(thenotionoflivingstandardsappliesonlytopeople)
4.Thedevelopmentofoureconomyinthefuturewilldependon……
☐Thedevelopmentofoureconomywilldependon……
☐(thefuturetenseoftheverb“willdepend”issufficienttoexpressfuturity)
5.Weshouldadoptaseriesofmeasurestoensurethat……
☐Weshouldadoptmeasurestoensurethat……
☐(herethepluralformof“measures”coversthesenseofa“series”)
Summary:
☐MostunnecessarynounsinChinglishappearnotalonebutinshortphrase.
☐Theyareplainlyredundantbecausetheirsenseisalreadyincludedinsomeotherelementofthesentence.
Otherexamples:
1.Itisessentialtostrengthenthebuildingofnationaldefense
☐Itisessentialtostrengthennationaldefense
2.Energysavingisasubjectthathasbeendiscussedindetail
☐Energysavinghasbeendiscussedindetail
3.toensurearelationshipofclosecooperationbetweenChinaandothercountries
☐toensureaclosecooperationbetweenChinaandothercountries
4.TheseprinciplesapplytoallcasesofrelationsbetweenChinaandallothercountries
☐TheseprinciplesapplytorelationsbetweenChinaandallothercountries
Forunnecessaryverbs:
☐Likeunnecessarynouns,mostofunnecessaryverbsinChinglishoccurinphrase.Usually,theyarecombinedwithnounslike“wemustmakeanimprovementinourwork”,heretheverb“make”isaweak,colorlesswordhavingnoveryspecificmeaningofitsown,whiletherealactionisexpressedinthenoun“improvement”,sincetheverbisnotcontributinganythingtothesense,itcanbeeditedout:
“wemustimproveourwork”
Examples
1.Itisimpossibleforustoaccomplishthetransformationofthewholesocietyovernight
☐Itisimpossibleforustotransformthewholesocietyovernight
2.Theyshouldconductacarefulexaminationof……
☐Theyshouldcarefullyexamine……
3.tobringaboutachangeinthisstateofaffairs
☐tochangethisstateofaffairs
4.Theymustmakeuptheirmindstoimplementthereformofthecurrentsystem
☐Theymustmakeuptheirmindstoreformthecurrentsystem
Inpassivevoice:
☐Solutionstotheseproblemscanbefoundonlythrough……
☐Theseproblemscanbesolvedonlythrough
☐(because“tofindsolutionsto=tosolve”)
☐Theverbsmostfrequentlyfoundinthesecombinationwithnounsare“tomake”and“tohave”
☐tomakeaninvestigation=toinvestigate
☐tomakeadecisionto=todecideto
☐tohaveatrustin=totrust
☐tohaveainfluenceon=toinfluence
☐Others:
☐togiveaguidance=toguide
☐toprovideassistanceto=toassist
☐toplacestresson=tostress
☐toexercisecontrolover=tocontrol
Chapter7:
UnitizedCurtainWall
Introduction:
☐Unitizedcurtainwallisaunitassemblythatisfabricatedinfactory,withtheheightofonestory,twoorthreestories.Oneassemblyisaload-takingunit.Thentheassemblieswillbetransportedtositeandliftedforinstallation.Bracketsareinstalledtothemainstructureinadvance,tinyadjustmentmayfinishcurtainwallinstallationifnecessary.
Vocabulary:
☐1.assembly:
组件
☐2.insertbolt:
插芯
☐3.agingresistance:
抗老化
☐4.Chamber:
腔
☐5.Thermalmovement:
热移动
☐6.ImpactResistance:
抗冲击性
☐7.AbrasionResistance;耐磨性
☐8.ChemicalResistance:
耐化学性
☐9.ColorRetention:
颜色保持力
☐10.GlossRetention:
光泽保持力
☐11.Deterioration:
退化、磨损
☐12.Discoloration:
变色
☐13.Peeling:
剥落
☐14.HorizontalSlide:
横滑
☐15.HorizontalLocked:
横锁
☐16.heatbridge:
热桥
☐17.male/femalemullion:
公/母竖框
☐18.Condensationresistancefactor(CRF):
抗冷凝系数
☐19.Liveloads:
活荷载
☐20.Deadloads:
恒荷载
☐
Abbreviation:
☐VLT=VisibleLightTransmittance
☐可见光透过率
☐ST=SolarTransmittance
☐太阳光透过率
☐SR=SolarReflectance
☐太阳光反射率
☐SA=SolarAbsorption
☐太阳光吸收率
☐UVLT=UVLightTransmittance
☐紫外光透过率
☐S.C.=ShadingCoefficient
☐遮阳系数
Questions:
Howmanykindsofunitizedcurtainwall?
☐1.Accordingtothenumberofhangers:
singlehanger,doublehangers,multi-hangers;
☐2.Accordingtotheformofinsertbolt:
horizontalslidinginsertbolt,horizontallockinginsertbolt;
☐3.Accordingtopanelmovementunderseismiceffect:
horizontalgliding,horizontallocking;
☐4.Accordingtodrainage:
integraldrainageinmullion,individualdrainageonfloors;
☐5.Accordingtoheatbreak:
non-heatbreak,heatbreak,semi-heatbreak.
Asaccordingtothen