必修二Unit+3+On+the+move+Section+Ⅲ Using+language+26+Writing.docx
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必修二Unit+3+On+the+move+Section+ⅢUsing+language+26+Writing
SectionⅢ Usinglanguage&Writing
不定式作定语和状语
动词不定式由“to+动词原形”构成。
这里的to是不定式标志,无意义,有时可省略。
其否定形式为“not+动词不定式”。
不定式既有名词、形容词或副词的某些语法功能,又有动词的时态和语态的特点及作用。
1.不定式的时态和语态
主动语态
被动语态
意义
一般时
todo
tobedone
表示动作与谓语动作同时发生或发生在谓语动作之后
完成时
tohave
done
tohave
beendone
表示动作发生在谓语动作之前
进行时
tobe
doing
表示谓语动作发生时,不定式的动作正在进行
◆Fatherwarnedmenottodriveafterdrinking.
父亲警告我不要酒后开车。
◆It’sagreathonourtobeinvitedtodothevoluntaryworkforthedisabled.
被邀请为残疾人做志愿服务,我感到很荣幸。
◆Ihappenedtohavereadyouradvertisementanddecidedtoapplyforthejob.
我碰巧读了您的广告,决定申请这份工作。
◆Thelittleboypretendedtobereadingthebookwhenhisteacherenteredtheclassroom.
老师走进教室时小男孩假装正在读书。
2.不定式作定语
动词不定式作定语时,应置于被修饰的名词或代词后面。
以下几种情况下常使用不定式作定语:
(1)表示将来的动作时。
根据需要,不定式可用主动或被动形式,但其含义有所不同。
◆Ihavealotofhomeworktodo.
我有很多家庭作业要做。
(不定式todo的动作执行者是I)
◆Thebuildingtobebuiltnextmonthwillbeamodernhospital.
下个月要建的那座楼将是一个现代化的医院。
(不定式tobebuilt的动作执行者是“别人”,其后可以加上bysb.,因此只能用不定式的被动形式作后置定语)
(2)放在序数词、形容词最高级,thelast,theonly,no,any,all等后或被这些词修饰的名词/代词后,且不定式与其逻辑主语为主谓关系。
◆Heisthebestmantodothejob.
他是做这项工作的最佳人选。
(3)被修饰词是表示抽象意义的名词时,常用不定式作后置定语,且不定式常用主动形式。
常见的此类名词有ability,chance,idea,right,evidence,attempt,plan,way,reason,opportunity,time等。
◆Iwanttohaveachancetofurthermystudyabroad.
我想得到一次去国外进修的机会。
(1)在作定语的动词不定式中,不定式与被修饰的词有动宾关系,且句中有该不定式的逻辑主语时,该不定式通常用主动形式表被动意义。
如果这个不定式是不及物动词,其后应加上适当的介词。
◆Doyouhaveenoughpapertowriteon?
你有足够的纸来写字吗?
(2)如果被不定式修饰的名词为place,time,way等,不定式后面的介词习惯上可以省去。
◆Hehasnoplacetolive(in).
他没有地方住。
3.不定式作状语
(1)不定式作原因状语多用在某些表示喜、怒、哀、乐等的形容词后。
◆I’mverygladtobeinvitedtoattendthemeeting.
我很高兴被邀请参加这个会议。
(2)不定式作目的状语时可与soasto/inorderto替换,但soasto一般不可置于句首。
◆ToknowsomethingaboutEnglishisonething;toknowEnglishisquiteanother.
懂一点英语是一回事;掌握英语完全是另一回事。
(3)不定式作结果状语常表示意想不到的结果,常用onlytodo。
◆Iwenttoseehim,onlytolearnthathehadleftthecitythenightbefore.
我去看他,不料听人家说他已经在前夜离开了这个城市。
熟记固定结构be+adj.+todosth.
◆AsfarasI’mconcerned,heisveryeasytogetalongwith. 就我个人而言,他很容易相处。
单句语法填空
1.Thesefactsareenoughto__prove(prove)thatsheisright.
2.(2017·天津卷)Iwaswatchingtheclockallthroughthemeeting,asIhadatrainto__catch(catch).
3.(2019·玉溪一中月考)Youloseweightforawhile,onlyto__gain(gain)backmoreweightwhenyoustopyourweightlossprogram.
4.Asthefamoussayinggoes,“Itisnevertoolateto__learn(learn).”
5.IpaidavisittoJasonlastnight,onlyto__be__told(tell)hehadgonetoBeijingonbusiness.
6.Howfoolishhewas!
To__pay(pay)offthedebts,Tomsoldhishousesohisfamilymembersbecamehomeless.
7.Susanwasthefirstpersoninourofficeto__think(think)oftheidea.
8.Itwillbeagoodopportunity__to__exchange(exchange)experience.
9.Iwanttogetsomebooksto__read(read)duringthesummerholiday.
10.To__make(make)yourdreamcometrue,thefirstthingtodoismakeaplananddeterminetocarryitout.
语法与写作
1.她决定更加努力学习以赶上别人。
Shedecidedtoworkharderto__catch__up__withtheothers.
2.有这么多工作要做,我没有机会外出观光。
Ihavenochanceto__go__sightseeingwithsomuchworktodo.
3.忘掉悲伤的最好方法是将自己投入到工作中去。
Thebestwayto__forget__your__sadnessistoburyyourselfinyourwork.
4.帮助了那位无家可归的妇人,我感到非常高兴。
Iwasverygladto__have__helpedthehomelesswoman.
5.我们到了北京,结果发现去广州的航班由于天气状况被取消了。
WearrivedinBeijing,only__to__findthattheflighttoGuangzhouhadbeencanceledbecauseofweatherconditions.
体育故事
文体感知
讲述自己的体育故事是将自己所经历过的、做过的、印象比较深刻的体育故事、情感等讲述出来。
文章一般可以分成三部分。
第一部分:
简介自己的运动故事;第二部分:
讲述具体事件;第三部分:
展望自己和这项运动的未来或该项运动给你带来的启示等。
增分佳句
1.Myhobbyisplayingbasketball.
2.IstartedtoplaybasketballwhenIwas12yearsold.
3.Thisexerciseisquitebeneficialtome,becauseIamverystrongnow.
4.Thisisnodoubtthatsportisgoodforourhealth.
5.It’stimetotakeactiontostayawayfromtheTVandcomputerandtotakepartinsportactivities.
写作要求
英语课上,老师让学生讲述自己做某项运动的经历。
要点如下:
1.与你所讲述运动的渊源;
2.做该项运动的经历或过程;
3.该项运动给你带来了什么。
审题谋篇
项目
结论
体裁
记叙文
话题
体育故事
时态
一般过去时为主
人称
第一人称为主
词句推敲
1.词汇
①谚语 proverb
②改善,提高improve
③逐渐地gradually
④精力充沛的full__of__energy
⑤太累了以至于不能继续_too__tired__to__continue
2.句式
①有句谚语这样说:
“没人会在意健康的价值,直到失去了它。
”
普通表达:
Thereisaproverbanditgoesthat“Nooneknowsthevalueofhealthuntilhelosesit.”
高级表达:
As__the__proverb__goes,__“No__one__knows__the__value__of__health__
until__he__loses__it.”(用as引导的非限制性定语从句改写)
②我小时候身体不健康。
自从我打乒乓球之后,身体状况得到了改善。
普通表达:
Iwasn’thealthywhenIwasyoung.ThatimprovedafterIplayedpingpong.
高级表达:
I__wasn’t__healthy__when__I__was__young.__However,__that__improved
__after__I__played__pingpong.(用however连接)
妙笔成篇
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Onepossibleversion:
Astheproverbgoes,“Nooneknowsthevalueofhealthuntilhelosesit.”IunderstanditexactlybecauseIwasn’thealthywhenIwasyoung.However,thatimprovedafterIplayedpingpong.
Atthestart,Iwastootiredtocontinue,butIwaspersuadednottogiveupbymyparents.Gradually,Irealizedthatitisofgreatbenefittomyhealth.
ByplayingpingpongeverydayIcankeepmyselffullofenergyeveryday.Withoutit,IwillfeeltiredandIcan’tfinishmytasksefficiently.Ithinkithasbecomeandwillbeapartofmylife.
单句语法填空
1.Wemusthavethecourageto__face(face)thecomingchallenge.Ibelieveyouwillsucceed.
2.Weareinvitedtoapartyto__be__held(hold)inourclubnextFriday.
3.Incollege,therearesomanygoodchancesto__meet(meet)yourexpectations.
4.To__make(make)herdreamcometrue,theChinesegirlinsistsonpracticingplayingthepianoeveryday.
5.Wewillbemorethanhappyto__receive(receive)materials,suchasclothes,quiltsandschoolsupplies.
6.—Doyouhaveanythingto__be__typed(type),sir.
—Nothingatpresent.
7.Thousandsofwordsarenotenoughto__express(express)howgratefulwearetoyou.
8.Theyarealwaysthefirstto__bear(bear)hardships,thelastto__enjoy(enjoy)comforts.
9.Hehurriedtothestation,onlyto__be__told(tell)thattheticketshadbeensoldout.
10.Ihavetoworkhardto__live(live)anormallifebutithasbeenworthit.
阅读理解
A
Asearlyas1894,thenewlyformedInternationalOlympicCommittee(IOC)considerediceskatingasapossibilityforthefirstmodernOlympicGameswhichwouldbeheldin1896.
In1911,amemberoftheIOCsuggestedthatwintersportsshouldbestagedaspartofthe1912OlympicsinHelsinki.Someopposedtheidea.Atlast,theIOCdecidedtoholdWinterOlympicGamesin1916.However,WorldWarⅠbrokeoutin1914.After1920,thenationalgoverningbodiesforwintersportsinseveralcountriesbegantalkingaboutthepossibilityofaseparateWinterOlympics.
ThetownofChamonix,intheFrenchAlps,plannedtoholdawintersportsfestivalin1924;atthesametimePariswastohosttheOlympics.TheMarquisdePolignac,amemberoftheIOC,suggestedthatthefestivalbeformallyrecognizedastheWinterOlympicGames.TheIOCdidn’tgothatfar,butdidagreethatChamonixcouldcallitsfestivalan“Olympicwintercarnival”.
Thefestivaldrew258athletesfrom16countriestocompeteinbobsledding(雪橇车比赛),figureskating,hockey,Nordicskiingandspeedskating.CharlesJewtrawfromtheUnitedStateswonthefirstgoldmedal,inthe500meterspeedskating,butthefestival’sherowasClausThunbergfromFinland.Hewonfivemedals,threeofwhichweregold,inspeedskating.
WeatherhasoftenbeenamajorstoryattheWinterOlympics,andsoitwasatChamonix.Thefestivalopenedwithrainandunseasonablywarmtemperaturethatturnedsnowandicetomud.Thentemperaturedroppedasfaras25belowzeroandthemudbecameice.
Despitetheweather,morethan10,000peopleshowedup.Atitsyearlymeetingin1925,theIOCrecognizedtheChamonixfestivalasthefirstWinterOlympicsanddecidedthattheWinterGameswouldbeheldeveryfouryears,justliketheSummerOlympics.
【解题导语】 本文简单介绍了冬季奥运会的由来。
1.WhywasthefirstWinterOlympicGamesnotheldin1916?
A.BecausetheIOCdidn’tagreetoit.
B.Becauseitwasstillunderdiscussion.
C.Becausesomepeopleopposedtheidea.
D.BecauseWorldWarⅠbrokeoutin1914.
D 解析:
细节理解题。
根据第二段中的“Atlast,theIOCdecidedtoholdWinterOlympicGamesin1916.However,WorldWarⅠbrokeoutin1914.”可知是第一次世界大战打断了冬奥会的进程。
2.HowmanyyearsearlierwasthefirstmodernOlympicGamesheldthanthefirstWinterOlympicGames?
A.16. B.24.
C.28.D.29.
C 解析:
数字计算题。
根据第一段中的“forthefirstmodernOlympicGameswhichwouldbeheldin1896”可知,第一届现代奥运会是1896年召开;根据第三段和最后一段可知,第一届冬奥会是1924年召开,通过计算可知C正确。
3.Wecanknowfromthepassagethat________.
A.theweatherdestroyedthefirstWinterOlympics
B.peoplefrom16countrieswatchedthefirstWinterOlympics
C.CharlesJewtrawwonthemostmedalsinthefirstWinterOlympics
D.Finlandgotatleast3goldmedalsinspeedskatinginthefirstWinterOlympics
D 解析:
推理判断题。
根据第四段中的“...ClausThunbergfromFinland.Hewonfivemedals,threeofwhichweregold,inspeedskating.”可知芬兰的ClausThunberg在速滑中得到了3枚金牌,由此可推断芬兰至少在速滑中得到了3枚金牌。
4.What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?
A.TheDevelopmentoftheOlympics
B.TheImportanceofWeatherintheOlympics
C.TheStoryoftheFirstWinterOlympicGames
D.HowDidtheWinterOlympicsComeintoBeing?
D 解析