高级英语 araphrase 翻译.docx
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高级英语araphrase翻译
LessonOne
1.Anditisanactivityonlyofhumans.
Andconversationisanactivityfoundonlyamonghumanbeings.
2.Conversationisnotformakingapoint.
Conversationisnotforpersuadingotherstoacceptourideasorpointsofviews.
3.Infact,thebestconversationalistsarethosewhoarepreparedtolose.
Infact,peoplewhoaregoodatconversationwillnotarguetowinorforceotherstoaccepthisideas.
4.Barfriendsarenotdeeplyinvolvedineachother’slives.
Peoplewhomeeteachotherforadrinkinthebarofapubarenotclosefriendsfortheyarenotdeeplyabsorbedineachother’sprivatelives.
5.....itcouldstillgoignorantlyon...
Theconversationcouldgoonwithoutanybodyknowingwhowasrightorwrong.
6.Theyarecattleinthefields,butwesitdowntobeef.
Theyanimalsarecalledcattlewhentheyarealiveandfeedinthefields,butwhenwesitdownatthetabletoeat,wecalltheirmeetbeef.
7.ThenewrulingclasshadbuiltaculturalbarrieragainsthimbybuildingtheirFrenchagainsthisownlanguage.
ThenewrulingclassbyusingFrenchinsteadofEnglishmadeithardfortheEnglishtoacceptorabsorbthecultureoftherulers.
8.Englishhadcomeroyallyintoitsown.
EnglishreceivedproperrecognitionandwasusedbytheKingoncemore.
9.Thephrasehasalwaysbeenusedalittlepejorativelyandevenfacetiouslybythelowerclasses.
Thephrase,theKing’sEnglish,hasalwaysbeenuseddisrespectfullyandjokinglybythelowerclasses.(Theworkingpeopleoftenmocktheproperandformallanguageoftheeducatedpeople.)
10.Therebellionagainstaculturaldominanceisstillthere.
AstheearlySaxonpeasants,theworkingpeoplestillhaveaspiritofoppositiontotheculturalauthorityoftherulingclass.
11.Thereisalwaysagreatdangerthat“wordswillhardenintothingsforus.“
Thereisalwaysagreatdanger,asCarlyleputit,thatwemightforgetthatwordsareonlysymbolsandtakethemforthingstheyaresupposedtorepresent.
1.Howeverintricatethewaysinwhichanimalscommunicatewitheachother,theydonotindulgeinanythingthatdeservesthenameofconversation.
不管动物之间的交流方式多么复杂,它们不能参与到称得上是交谈的任何活动中。
2.Argumentmayoftenbeapartofit,butthepurposeoftheargumentisnottoconvince.Thereisnowinninginconversation.
争论会经常出现于交谈中,但争论的目的不是为了说服。
交谈中没有胜负之说。
3.PerhapsitisbecauseofmyupbringinginEnglishpubsthatIthinkbarconversationhasacharmofitsown.
或许我从小就混迹于英国酒吧缘故,我认为酒吧里的闲聊别有韵味。
4.Idonotrememberwhatmadeoneofourcompanionssayit---sheclearlyhadnotcomeintothebartosayit,itwasnotsomethingthatwaspressingonhermind---butherremarkfellquitenaturallyintothetalk.
我不记得是什么使得我的一个同伴说起它来的---她显然不是来酒吧说这个的,这不是她事先想好的话题----但她的话相当自然地插入到了交谈中。
5.Thereisalwaysresistanceinthelowerclassestoanyattemptbyanupperclasstolaydownrulesfor“Englishasitshouldbespoken.”
下层社会总会抵制上层社会企图给“标准英语”制定得规则。
6.Wordsarenotthemselvesareality,butonlyrepresentationsofit,andtheKing’sEnglish,liketheAnglo-FrenchoftheNormans,isaclassrepresentationofreality.
词语本身并不是现实。
正如诺曼底人讲的英格鲁--法语一样,标准英语是一个阶层用来表达现实的形式。
7.Perhapsitisworthtryingtospeakit,butitshouldnotbelaiddownasanedict,andmadeimmunetochangefrombelow.
或许试着去说它还是值得的,但是它不能被制定成法令,从而拒绝来自下层的变化。
8.Thereisnoworseconversationalistthantheonewhopunctuateshiswordsashespeaksasifhewerewriting,orevenwhotriestousewordsasifhewerecomposingapieceofproseforprint.
如果一个人说出的话就像写出来的文字,或者试图使用那些创作书面散文的文字,那么没有比这样的交谈者更糟糕的了。
9.WhenE.M.Forsterwritesof“thesinistercorridorofourage,”wesitupatthevividnessofthephrase,theforceandeventerrorintheimage.
当E.M.福斯特写到“我们这个时代的险恶长廊”时,其用语之生动及由其所产生的生动有力,甚至可怖的形象苦令我们拍案叫绝。
10.Therewouldhavebeennoconversationtheothereveningifwehadbeenabletosettleatoncethemeetingof“theKing’sEnglish.”
那天晚上如果我们立刻解决了“标准英语”的含义,就不会有第二天晚上的谈话了。
LessonThree
1.Andyetthesamerevolutionarybeliefforwhichourforebearsfoughtisstillatissuearoundtheglobe....
OurancestorsfoughtarevolutionarywartoclaimallmenwerecreatedequalandGodhadendowedthemwithcertainunalienablerightswhichnostateorrulercouldtakeawayfromthem.However,todaythisissuehasnotyetbeensettledinmanycountriesaroundtheworld.
2.Thismuchwepledge---andmore.
Thismuchwepromisetodoandwepromisetodomore.
3.United,thereislittlewecannotdoinahostofcooperativeventures.
Unitedandworkingtogetherwecanaccomplishalotofthingsinalargenumberofjointundertakings.
4.....ourlastbesthopeinanagewheretheinstrumentsofwarhavefaroutpacedtheinstrumentsofpeace...
TheUnitedNationsisourlastandbesthopeofsurvivalinanagewheretheinstrumentsofwarhavefarsurpassedtheinstrumentsofpeace.
5....toenlargetheareainwhichitswritmayrun.
WepledgetohelptheUnitedNationsenlargetheareainwhichitsauthorityandmandatewouldcontinuetobeinforce.
6.....beforethedarkpowersofdestructionunleashedbyscienceengulfallhumanityinplannedoraccidentalself-destruction.
Beforetheterribleforcesofdestruction,whichatomicbombscannowrelease,overwhelmmankind,whichmaybeplannedorbroughtaboutbyanaccident
7.....yetbothracingtoalterthatuncertainbalanceofterrorthatstaysthebandofmankind’sfinalwar.
Yetbothgroupsofnationsareattemptingtochangeasquicklyaspossiblethisuncertainbalanceofterriblemilitarypowerthatrestrainseachgroupfromlaunchingmankind;sfinalwar.
8.Soletusbeginanew,rememberingonbothsidesthatcivilityisnotasignofweakness...
Soletusstartonceagain,bearinginmindthatbeingpoliteisnotasignofweakness.
9.Letbothsidesseektoinvokethewondersofscienceinsteadofitsterrors.
Letbothsidestrytocallforththewonderfulthingsthatsciencecandoformankindinsteadofthefrightfulthingsitcando.
10.....eachgenerationofAmericanshasbeensummonedtogivetestimonytoitsnationalloyalty.
Americansofeverygenerationhavebeencalledupontoprovetheirloyaltytotheircountrybyfrightinganddyingfortheircountry’scause.
11.Withagoodconscienceouronlysurereward,withhistorythefinaljudgeofourdeeds,letusgoforthtoleadthelandwelove...
Letusleadthecountrywelove,knowingoursurerewardwillbeagoodconscienceandhistorywillfinallyjudgewhetherwehavedoneourtaskwellornot.
1.Weobservetodaynotavictoryofpartybutacelebrationoffreedom,symbolizinganendaswellasabeginning,signifyingrenewalaswellaschange.
我们今天庆祝的不是一个政党的胜利,而是一个自由的盛会,它代表这一个时代的结束和另一个时代的开端,它代表着重生和改变。
2.Letthewordgoforthfromthistimeandplace,tofriendandfoealike,thatthetorchhasbeenpassedtoanewgenerationofAmericans,borninthiscentury,temperedbywar,disciplinedbyahardandbitterpeace,proudofourancientheritage,andunwillingtowitnessorpermittheslowundoingofthesehumanrightstowhichthisnationhasalwaysbeencommitted,andtowhichwearecommittedtodayathomeandaroundtheworld.
此时此地我向朋友和敌人宣布:
火炬已经传递给了新一代的美国人,他们出生于本世纪,经受过战争的洗礼,受过冷峻而苦涩的和平的考验,以我们的古代遗产为傲,不愿意见到或者允许这些人权被逐渐取消。
这个国家一直致力于维护这些人权,如今我们在国内和全世界也在维护这些人权。
3.Leteverynationknow,whetheritwishesuswellorill,thatweshallpayanyprice,bearanyburden,meetanyhardship,supportanyfriend,opposeanyfoetoassurethesurvivalandthesuccessofliberty.
让世界上每一个希望我们成功或窘迫的国家知道:
我们将不惜任何代价,承担任何责任,应对任何艰难,支持一切朋友,反对一切敌人,以确保自由的幸存和成功。
4.United,thereislittlewecannotdoinahostofcooperativeventures.
只要我们团结起来,我们将在大量的合作型事业中战无不胜。
5.Divided,thereislittlewecando,forwedarenotmeetapowerfulchallengeatoddsandsplitasunder.
如果分裂开来,我们将一事无成,因为我们不能在争执中去应对巨大的挑战,我们的关系会崩裂。
6.Ifafreesocietycannothelpthemanywhoarepoor,itcannotsavethefewwhoarerich.
如果自由的社会不能帮助多数穷人,它就不能拯救少数的富人。
7.Wedarenottemptthemwithweakness.Foronlywhenourarmsaresufficientbeyonddoubtcanwebecertainbeyonddoubtthattheywillneverbeemployed.
我们不敢以软弱来诱惑它们。
因为只有当我们的军备力量无疑是非常充足的时候,我们才能确保不会使用武力。
8.Inyourhands,myfellowcitizens,morethanmine,willrestthefinalsuccessorfailureofourcourse.
我们的同胞们,我们事业成败的关键与其说掌握在我的手中,不如说掌握在你们的手中。
9,Nowthetrumpetsummonsusagain----notasacalltobeararms,thougharmsweneed;notasacalltobattle,thoughembattledweare;butacalltobeartheburdenofalongtwilightstruggle,yearinandyearout,“rejoicinginhope,patientintribulation,”astruggleagainstthecommonenemiesofman:
tyranny,povertydiseaseandwaritself.
现在号角再次向我们吹响----不是号召我们扛起武器,虽然我们需要武器;不是号召我们去参加战斗,虽然我们严阵以待;而是号召我们为迎接黎明而肩负起漫长斗争的责任,年复一年,”从希望中得到欢乐,在苦难中保持坚韧“,去反对人类共同的敌人:
专制、贫困、疾病和战争本身
10.Withagoodconscienceouronlysurereward,withhistorythefinaljudgeofourdeeds,letusgoforthtoleadthelandwelove,askingHisblessingandHishelp,butknowingthathereonearthGod’sworkmusttrulybeourown.
良心是我们唯一可靠的报酬,历史是我们行为的最终裁判,让我们出发去领导我们所热爱的国家,祈求上帝的祝福和帮助,但是要明白上帝在人间的工作毕竟就是我们自己的工作。
LessonFour
1.Aniceenoughyoungfellow,youunderstand,butnothingupstairs.
Heisaniceenoughyoungfellow,youknow,butheisempty-headed.
2.Fads,Isubmit,aretheverynegationofreason.
Apassingfashionorcraze,inmyopinion,showsacompletelackofreason.
3.Ishouldhaveknownthey’dcomebackwhentheCharlestoncameback.
IshouldhaveknownthatraccooncoatswouldcomebacktofashionwhentheCharlestondance,whichwaspopularinthe1920s,cameback.
4.“AlltheBigMenonCampusarewearingthem.Where‘veyoubeen?
”
Alltheimportantandfashionablemenoncampusarewearingthem.Howcomeyoudon’tknow?
5.Mybrain,thatprecisioninstrument,slippedintohighgear.
Mybrain,whichisp