高考英语短文阅读类暑假选练11.docx

高考英语短文阅读类暑假选练11.docx

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高考英语短文阅读类暑假选练11

重庆市渝中区2016高考英语短文阅读类暑假选练（11）

【陕西省2014五校联考】

阅读下列四篇短文,从每小题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。

Foodpickedupjustafewsecondsafterbeingdroppedislesslikelytocontainbacteriathanifitisleftforlongerperiodsoftime,accordingtothefindingsofresearchcarriedoutatAstonUniversity’sSchoolofLifeandHealthSciences.Thefindingssuggesttheremaybesomescientificbasistothe“5secondrule”–thebeliefaboutitbeingfinetoeatfoodthathasonlyhadcontactwiththefloorforfivesecondsorless.Althoughpeoplehavelongfollowedthe5secondrule,untilnowitwasunclearwhetheritactuallyhelped.

Thestudy,undertakenbyfinalyearBiologystudentsandledbyAnthonyHilton,ProfessorofMicrobiologyatAstonUniversity,monitoredthetransferofthecommonbacteriafromavarietyofindoorflooringtypes（carpet,cementflooretc.）totoast,pasta,abiscuitandastickysweetwhencontactwasmadefrom3to30seconds.Theresultsshowedthat:

Timeisasignificantfactorinthetransferofbacteriafromafloorsurfacetoapieceoffood;andthetypeofflooringthefoodhasbeendroppedonhasaneffect,withbacterialeastlikelytotransferfromcarpetedsurfacesandmostlikelytotransferfromcementflooringsurfacestomoist（湿的）foodsmakingcontactformorethan5seconds.ProfessorHiltonsaid:

“Consumingfooddroppedonthefloorstillcarriesaninfectionriskasitverymuchdependsonwhichbacteriaarepresentontheflooratthetime.”

TheAstonteamalsocarriedoutasurveyofthenumberofpeoplewhoemploythe5secondrule.Thesurveyshowedthat:

87%ofpeoplesurveyedsaidtheywouldeatfooddroppedonthefloor,oralreadyhavedoneso.55%ofthosewhowouldeatorhaveeatenfooddroppedonthefloorarewomen.81%ofthewomenwhowouldeatfoodfromthefloorwouldfollowthe5secondrule.ProfessorHiltonadded,“Ourstudyshowedthatasurprisinglylargemajorityofpeoplearehappytoconsumedroppedfood,withwomenthemostlikelytodoso.Buttheyarealsomorelikelytofollowthe5secondrule.” 

57.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingistrue?

A.Atoastdroppedonthecarpetiseasiertobepollutedthanthatdroppedonthecementfloor.

B.Astickychocolatedroppedonthecarpetiseasiertobepollutedthanthatdroppedonthecementfloorwithin5seconds.

C.Thefooddroppedonthecarpetsharesthesamepotentialofbeingpollutedwiththefooddroppedonthecementfloor.

D.Thefooddroppedonthecementfloorisnotassafeasfooddroppedonthecarpetwithin30seconds.

58.Eatingfooddroppedonthefloorstillcarriesaninfectionriskbecauseitrelieson_________atthattime.

A.thetypeofbacteriaB.thecarpet

C.thecementfloorD.thesurfaceoftable

59.Thepassageisdevelopedprobablyby__________.

A.timeB.spaceC.contrastD.example

60.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?

A.Thefoodwhichisdroppedonthefloorcanbeeatensafely.

B.Thebacteriahavenonegativeeffectonthesafetyoffood.

C.Aresearchonthesafetyoffooddroppedonthefloorisundertaken.

D.Peoplesurveyedintheresearcharewillingtoaccepttheidea.

【参考答案】57-60DACC

【2015高考复习】阅读理解

“Reconstituted”familiesaremoreandmorecommonintheUK.

SteveandDebbiegotmarriedin2001andhadtwochildren，LilyandAlex.Unfortunately，SteveandDebbie’smarriagedidn’tworkoutandtheygotdivorcedin2006.ThechildrenlivewithDebbie.In2008，Debbieremarried.Hernewhusband，Martin，hasthreechildrenfromhispreviousmarriageandtheyvisitDebbie，Martin，LilyandAlexatweekends.Inaddition，Debbieispregnantwithherthirdchild.She’sexpectingaboywhowillbeahalfbrothertoLilyandAlexandalsotoMartin’sthreeotherchildren.

Confused？

Debbie’sfamilyarrangementsmighthaveseemedstrange30yearsagobutnowadaysthiskindof“reconstituted”familyisincreasinglycommonintheUK.AlmosthalfofallmarriagesinBritainendindivorceandover40%ofmarriagesareremarriages.Morethan10%ofallBritishchildrenlivewithonebirthparentandastepparent—aparentwhoisn’ttheirbiologicalmotherorfather.Thetraditional“nuclear”familyoftwoparentsandtheirchildrenisnotsotraditionalanymore.

Whatdoesallofthismeanforparentsinthese“reconstituted”families？

“Therearedifficultiesandchallenges，”saysDebbie.“Differentfamilieshavedifferentroutinesanditcanbedifficultforchildrentomovebetweentheirtwofamilies.Birthdaysandholidayscanbetricky.Wheredothechildrengo？

Whoshouldtheyspendtheirtimewith？

Also，whenmychildrenarenaughtyitcanbedifficultforMartintotell_them_off.Thingsthatmightbesimpleinatraditionalfamilycanbeabitmorecomplicated.”

Andhowaboutthechildren？

Martin’seldestchild，Ella，is12.“Ilikemytwofamilies，”shesays.“IlivewithmymumbutvisitmydadquiteoftenandI’mhappythatmymumanddadgetalongOK.They’renotmarriedanymorebutit’sgoodthattheycanstillbefriends.”OfcoursedivorceandseparationarenevereasybutmanyfamiliesintheUKarefindingwaystomakefamilylifeworkinnewways.

【语篇解读】　本文介绍了英国出现越来越多的重组家庭这一社会现象。

5．WhydidSteveandDebbiegetseparated?

A．Theycouldn’tsupportthechildren.

B．Theycouldn’tgetalongwell.

C．Theywerebothoutofwork.

D．Theyhadseriouseconomicproblems.

解析　考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的“Unfortunately，SteveandDebbie’smarriagedidn’tworkoutandtheygotdivorcedin2006.”可知，Steve和Debbie由于感情破裂而无法维系婚姻，并非因为经济问题或双双失业，更不是因为养不起孩子。

答案　B

6．Wecanlearnfromthetextthata“nuclear”family________.

A．hastwobirthparentsandtheirchildren

B．hastwobirthparentsandonlyonechild

C．istraditionalbutcomplicated

D．doesn’thaveanychildren

解析　考查细节理解。

根据第三段最后一句“Thetraditional‘nuclear’familyoftwoparentsandtheirchildrenisnotsotraditionalanymore.”可知答案为A项。

答案　A

7．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“tellthemoff”inParagraph4mostprobablymean?

A．makethemannoyed　　　B．sendthemtoschool

C．letouttheirsecrets　　　D．talkangrilytothem

解析　考查词义猜测。

根据画线部分前面的“whenmychildrenarenaughty”和第四段的最后一句“Thingsthatmightbesimpleinatraditionalfamilycanbeabitmorecomplicated.”并结合生活常识可推知，由于Martin是孩子的继父，所以不能够对他们大声呵斥。

tellsb.off意为“责骂、斥责某人”。

答案　D

8．What’sthetextmainlyabout?

A．Thedifferencebetween“marriage”and“remarriage”．

B．MoreandmorepeoplegetdivorcedintheUK.

C．“Reconstituted”familiesarebecomingmoreandmoreintheUK.

D．Themarriagesituationisbecomingsevere.

解析　考查主旨大意。

根据文章首句和全文内容可知，本文意在介绍英国出现越来越多的重组家庭这一社会现象，故答案为C项。

答案　C

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。

HarvardUniversitynamedhistorianDrewGilpinFaustasitsfirstfemalepresidentonSunday,endingalengthyandsecretivesearchtofindasuccessor（接任者）toLawrenceSummers.

Theseven-memberHarvardCorporationelectedFaust,anotedscholaronHistoryoftheAmericanSouthanddeanofHarvard’sRadcliffeInstituteforAdvancedStudy,astheuniversity’s28thpresident.

“Thisisagreatday,andahistoricdayforHarvard,”JamesR.Houghton,chairmanofthepresidentialsearchcommittee,saidinastatement.“DrewFaustisaninspiringandaccomplishedleader,asuperbscholar,adedicated（献身的）teacher,andawonderfulhumanbeing.”

HerselectionisnoteworthygiventheheateddebatesoverSummers’commentsthatgeneticdifferencesbetweenthesexesmighthelpexplainthelackofwomenintopsciencejobs.

FausthasbeendeanofRadcliffesince2001,twoyearsaftertheformerwomen’scollegewascombinedintotheuniversityasaresearchcenterwithamissiontostudygenderissues（性别问题）.

Someprofessorshavequietlygrousedthatthe371-year-olduniversityisappointingafifthpresidentwhoisnotascientist.NoscientisthashadthetopjobsinceJamesBryantConantretiredin1953;itslastfourhavecomefromthefieldsofclassics,law,literatureandeconomics.

1,3,5

FaustisthefirstHarvardpresidentwhodidnotreceiveadegreefromtheuniversitysinceCharlesChauncy,agraduateofCambridgeUniversity,whodiedinofficein1762.SheattendedtheUniversityofPennsylvania.

“Teachingstaffturnedtoherconstantly,”saidSheldonHackney,aformerpresidentoftheUniversityofPennsylvaniaandhistorianwhoworkedcloselywithFaust.“She’sveryclear.Shehasasenseofhumor,butshe’sverystrong-minded.Youcometotrustinherbecauseshe’ssosolid.”

1.Whichmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.Harvardnamedits1stfemalepresident.

B.HistoryofHarvardUniversitychanged.

C.Debatesonfemaleequalityended.

D.DrewGilpinFaust,afamouswomanhistorian.

2.WhichisNOTtrueaboutDrewGilpinFaust?

A.Sheisthe28thpresidentofHarvardUniversity.

B.SheisafamousscholarfromtheAmericanSouth.

C.Sheisn’tagraduatefromHarvardUniversity.

D.ShewasheadofRadcliffeInstituteforAdvancedStudy.

3.LawrenceSummersheldtheviewthat.

A.womencannotachieveasmuchasmeninmanagement

B.womencannotholdimportantpositionsinsociety

C.womencanmatchmeninsciencejobs

D.fewwomenmaketopscientistsowingtogenes

4.Theunderlinedword“groused”inthe6thparagraphmeans.

A.approvedB.commented

C.complainedD.indicated

5.Thispassageprobablyappearsina.

A.biographyB.personalletter

C.researchpaperD.newspaperreport

【参考答案】1—5、ABDCD

【四川省凉山州2014第二次诊断性测试】

阅读下面五篇短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Risinglevelsofcarbondioxideintheatmosphereareamajorcauseofclimatechange,and

nowanewstudyhasconfirmedthatatmosphericCO2isalsoaffectingtheoceanchemistryand

potentiallyharmingsealife.

MontanaStateUniversityscientistRobertDorehasbeenresearchingthewaterinthePacific

Oceanforalmosttwodecades."We'vebee