届高考英语一轮复习分单元分题型之能力提高必修1 Unit15新人教版.docx
《届高考英语一轮复习分单元分题型之能力提高必修1 Unit15新人教版.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《届高考英语一轮复习分单元分题型之能力提高必修1 Unit15新人教版.docx(45页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
届高考英语一轮复习分单元分题型之能力提高必修1Unit15新人教版
2011届高考英语一轮复习分单元分题型之能力提高
(新人教版)
能力演练
一、语法填空
专题训练
(一)巧用派生词,做好语法填空
技巧点拨:
动词、介词、冠词、物主代词等词后一般接名词或动名词,如果所给单词是其它词类,就要将其改为名词,并注意名词数的变化。
如果所给单词为动词,就需在原动词后加ing将其变为动名词。
要将其它词类变为名词,需熟悉构成名词的后缀,对所给词做相应改变。
常用的名词后缀主要有:
动词+al
/or/er
—名词
survive
survival
动词+ment—名词
manage
management
动词+ion/tion/sion—名词[来源:
学科网ZXXK]
express
expression
invent
invention
形容词+ness
—名词
crazy
craziness
动词/形容词+
-th—名词
grow(v.生长)
growth(n.生长
)
ship结尾的名词
professor(n.教授)
Professorship(n.教授资格)
y结尾的名词
Honest(adj.诚实的)
honesty(n.诚实)
如:
(1)Hiscarelessness(careful)resultedintheterribleaccident
(2)Hewasoneofthevisitors(visit)whoth
oughthighlyofTom,theirguide.
◆活学活用
(一).用所给单词的适当形式填空。
Ihated
(1)__________(wait)forherforhourswithout
(2)______
(know)whenonearthshewouldcome.Onher(3)__________(arrive),shewouldalwayshuggedme,promisingnevertobelateagain.Iusedtostareatherin(4)__________(angry),tellingherfranklythather(5)__________(arrive)latemademeangryandthatIwantedtoendour(6)__________(relate).However,sheneverseemedtobe(7)__________(angrily).Shetoldmethatshealwaysthoughtofmeasoneofherbest(8)__________(friendly)andifIlefther,thatwouldbeasevere(9)_________(punish)toher.Finallywereachedan(10)_________(agree)thatwewouldstillbegoodfriends,butshemustn,tbelateagain.
答案:
(1)waiting
(2)knowing(3)arrival(4)anger(5)arriving(6)relation(7)angry(8)friends(9)punishment(10)agreement
(二).在下文空格处填人一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空,说出第1,4,6,7,10题的解题思路。
Eachofusfailsfromtimetotime.Ifwearewise,weacceptthese
(1)__________(fail)asanecessarypartofthelearningprocess.Butalltoooften
(2)__________parentsandteacherswedonotallowourchildrentohavethesameright.Weconveyeitherbywords(3)__________byactionsthatfailureissomethingtobeashamedof,andthatnothingbuttopperformancemeetswithour(4)__________(approve).
WhenIseeachildsubjecttothiskindofpressure,IthinkofDonnie.Hewasashy,nervousperfectionist.Hisfearoffailure(5)__________(keep)himfromclassroomgamesthatotherchildrenplayedwithjoyousabandon.Heseldomansweredquestionsforfearthathewouldbewrong.Heseldomfinishedhisworkbecauseherepeatedlycheckedwithmetobesurehehadn,tmadea(6)__________(mistaken).Itriedmybesttobuilduphisself-confidence.AndIrepeatedlyaskedGodfor(7)__________(direct).Butnothingchangeduntilmidterm,(8)__________MaryAnne,ayoungstudentteacher,wasappointedtoourclassroom.Shewasyoungandpretty,andshelovedchildren.Manystudents,Donnie(9)__________(include),adoredher.Withher(10)__________(encourage),Donniebecameconfident.
解析:
(1)动词accept后接名词,前有these,名词需用复数形式failures。
(4)介词with后需接名词,所以答案为approval。
(6)冠词后用名词。
所以答案为mistake。
(7)介词for后接名词,故填direction(ion是名词后缀)
(10)With后接名词,故填encouragement(V+ment变成名词)
答案:
(1)failures
(2)as(3)or(4)approval(5)kept(6)mistake(7)direction(8)when(9)included(10)encouragement
二、完形填空
阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从1~15各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。
Stevensonandhisfamilywenttoscotlandforaholiday.Onerainymorning,hetookhiswifeandhissonLloydoutforalongwalkoverthehills.Theyhadbeen1thisforseveraldaysbeforetheweathersuddenlytookaturnfortheworse.Keptindoorsbytheheavyrain,Lloydfeltthedays2.Tokeeptheboyhappy,Robertaskedtheboytodosome3.
Onemorning,theboycametoRobertwithabeautifulmapofanisland.Robert4thattheboyhaddrawnalargecrossinthemiddleof5.“Whatsthat?
”heas
ked.“Thatsthe6treasure,”saidtheboy.Robertsuddenly7somethingofanadventurestoryintheboys8.Whiletherainwaspouring,Robertsatdownbythefiretowriteastory.Hewouldmakethe9atwelveyearoldboy,justlikeLloyd.Butwhowouldbethepirate(海盗)?
RoberthadagoodfriendnamedHenley,whowalkedaroundwiththe10ofawoodenleg.Roberthadalwayswantedto11suchamaninastory.12LongJohnSilver,thepiratewithawoodenleg,was13.
So,thankstoa14SeptemberinScotland,afriendwithawoodenleg,andtheimaginationofatwelveyearoldboy,wehaveoneofthegreatest15storiesintheEnglishlanguage.
1.A.attemptingB.missingC.planningD.enjoying
2.A.quietB.dullC.busyD.cold
3.A.cleaningB.writingC.drawingD.exercising
4.A.doubtedB.noticedC.decidedD.recognized
5.A.theseaB.thehouseC.ScotlandD.theisland
6.A.forgottenB.buriedC.discoveredD.unexpected
7.A.sawB.drewC.madeD.learned
8.A.bookB.replyC.pictureD.mind
9.A.starB.heroC.writ
erD.child
10.A.helpB.problemC.useD.bottom
11.A.praiseB.produceC.includeD.accept
12.A.YetB.AlsoC.ButD.Thus
13.A.readB.bornC.hiredD.written
14.A.rainyB.sunnyC.coolD.windy
15.A.newsB.loveC.reallifeD.adventure
1.解析:
度假时,每天散散步,应该是享受生活。
答案:
D
2.解析:
下大雨,只能在室内,这样的日子对小男孩来说,当然是沉闷。
答案:
B
3.解析:
根据第四段第一句,这男孩画了一幅地图,故选C。
4.解析:
句意:
罗伯特注意到小男孩在岛中央画了一
个大大的十字。
答案:
B
5.解析:
本段第一句中abeautifulmapofanisland可知,是在岛的中央画了个十字。
答案:
D
6.解析:
句意:
那是被埋藏的宝藏。
答案:
B
7.解析:
句意:
罗伯特突然在男孩的图画中看到了冒险故事。
see看懂,明白。
答案:
A
8.解析:
根据上文可知是画的画,故选C。
答案:
C
9.解析:
句意:
他让像Lloyd这样一个12岁的男孩成了文中的主人公。
答案:
B
10.解析:
withthehelpof在……的帮助下。
答案:
A
11.解析:
句意:
罗伯特一直想在某个故事里写进一个这样的人。
include包括;praise赞扬;produce产生;accept接受。
答案:
C
12.解析:
Thus这样,因此;Yet然而;Also也;But然而,表转折。
答案:
D
13.解析:
句意:
这个有着一条木腿的海盗诞生了。
答案:
B
14.解析:
由第三段中theheavyrain。
可知此处用rainy。
答案:
A
15.解析:
由第四段anadventurestory。
可知此处用adventure。
答案:
D
阅读理解
专题训练
(一)阅读中的猜词技巧
(1)
定义释义法
方法点拨:
释义指对陌生词的解释(解释性描述),一般通过定义、定语从句、词组、同位语从句来体现。
其表现形式为:
用that
is,inotherwords,or,mean,becalled,referto或连系动词tobe等定义或重述形式来解释生词。
如∶
[例题1]:
Anthropologyisthescientificstudyofman.
[例题2]:
Theherdsman,wholooksaftersheep,earnsabout650yuanayear.
[解析1]:
从解释thescientificstudyofman可知anthropology的意思是“人类学”。
[解析2]:
定语从句中looksaftersheep就表明了herdsman的词义为“牧羊人”。
◆活学活用
(一)利用上述方法,猜出下列各句划线词的意思。
1.Sociologyisthe
termusedtodescri
bethescientificstudyofhumansociety.
2.Theyneedtomaketheirincomemeetthecostofliving,somanypeopleplanafamilybudget.Abudgetisalistofmonthlyexpenses.
3.Janeisindecisive,thatis,shecan,tmakeuphermind.
4.Themodernageofmedicinebeganwiththestethoscope,aninstrumentforlisteningtopatients,heartbeatandbreathing.
5.KrabacbersuffersfromSAD,whichisshortforseasonalaffectivedisorder,asyndromecharacterizedbysevereseasonalmoodswings.
6.Theyarevertebrates,thatis,animalsthathavebackbones.
解析:
1.假定sociology是一个不认识的词,系动词be后面就给出了明确的定义。
这样,我们便知道该词意思为“社会学”。
2.is后面是对第一句中划线单词的解释,给出了明确的定义,从定义上推测出单词budget的
意思为“预算”。
3.由thatis可知,后面是对indecisive的定义解释,由此可猜测出单词indecisive的意思为“优柔寡断的,没有决定能力的”。
4.此句中逗号(,)后的同位语aninstrumentforlisteningtopatientsheartbeatandbreathing已经给出了划线单词的确切意思,stethoscope为“听诊器”。
5.从seasonalaffectivedisorder,asyndromecharacterizedbysevereseasonalmoodswings推出SAD的意思是“季节性情绪紊乱症”。
6.从解释animalsthathavebackbones可知vertebrates的意思是“脊椎动物”。
答案:
1.社会学2.预算3.优柔寡断的,没有决策能力的
4.听诊器5.季节性情绪紊乱症6.脊椎动物
(二)阅读下列短文,按要求完成读写任务。
(2009年全国高考Ⅰ卷)We
havemettheenemy,andheisours.Weboughthimatapetshop.Whenmonkey-pox,adiseaseusuallyfoundintheAfricanrainforest,suddenlyturnsupinchildrenintheAmericanMidwest,it,shardnottowonderifthediseasethatcomesfromforeignanimalsishomingoronhumanbeings.“Mostoftheinfectionswethinkofashumaninfectionsstartedinotheranimals,”saysMorse,directoroftheCen
terforPublicHealthPreparednessatColumbiaUniversity.
It,snotjustthatwe,regoingtowheretheanimalsare,we,realsobringingthemclosertous.Popularforeignpetsha
vebroughtawholenewdiseasetothiscountry.AstrangeillnesskilledIsaksen,spets,andshenowthinksthatkeepingforeignpetsisabadidea.“Idon,tthinkit,sfairtohavethemaspetswhenwehavesuchalimitedknowledgeofthem,”saysIsaken.“Lawsallowingtheseanimalstobebroughtinfromdeepforestareaswithoutstrictercontrolneedchanging,”saysPeterSchantz.Monkey-poxmaybethewake-upcall.Researchersbelieveinfectedanimalsmayinfecttheirowners.Weknowverylittleaboutthesenewdiseases.Anewbugmaybekindatfirst.Butitmaydevelopintosomethingharmful.Monkey-poxdoesn,tlookamajorinfectiousdisease.Butitisnotimpossibletopassthediseasefrompersontoperson.
Ⅰ、根据短文,写一篇30词左右的摘要。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案:
Thetexttellsusthatkeepingpetsfromforeignforestwithoutnecessaryknowledgeoftheanimalsmaybedangerousbecausetheymaybringsomeunknowninfectiousdiseasetoharmourhealth.(31words)
Ⅱ、根据所读短文,选择正确答案。
1.Whatdosetheword“monkey-pox”mean?
A.acontainertokeepmonkeys.B.amedicineforamonkeydisease
C.aninfectiousdiseaseD.apopularforeignpet
2.Whatdoesthephrase“thewake-upcall”mostprobablymean
?
A.anewdiseaseB.aclearwarning
C.adangerousanimalD.amorningcall
3.Whatdoestheword“bug”mean?
A.aninfectiousdiseaseB.avirus
C.apetD.adiseaseinAfricanforest
4.WhydidIsaksenadvisepeoplenottohaveforeignpets?
A.Theyattackhumanbeings.B.Weneedtostudynativeanimals.
C.Theycan,tliveoutofth
erainforest.D.Wedon,tknowmuchaboutthem.
5.Thetextsuggeststhatinthefuturewe__________.
A.mayhavetofightagainstmorenewdiseases
B.mayeasilygetinfectedwithdiseasesfromdogs
C.shouldnotbeallowedtohavepetsD.shouldstopbuy