届高考英语一轮复习分单元分题型之能力提高必修1 Unit15新人教版.docx

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届高考英语一轮复习分单元分题型之能力提高必修1 Unit15新人教版.docx

届高考英语一轮复习分单元分题型之能力提高必修1Unit15新人教版

2011届高考英语一轮复习分单元分题型之能力提高

(新人教版)

 

能力演练

一、语法填空

专题训练

(一)巧用派生词,做好语法填空

技巧点拨:

动词、介词、冠词、物主代词等词后一般接名词或动名词,如果所给单词是其它词类,就要将其改为名词,并注意名词数的变化。

如果所给单词为动词,就需在原动词后加ing将其变为动名词。

要将其它词类变为名词,需熟悉构成名词的后缀,对所给词做相应改变。

常用的名词后缀主要有:

动词+al

/or/er

—名词

survive

survival

动词+ment—名词

manage

management

动词+ion/tion/sion—名词[来源:

学科网ZXXK]

express

expression

invent

invention

形容词+ness

—名词

crazy

craziness

动词/形容词+

-th—名词

grow(v.生长)

growth(n.生长

ship结尾的名词

professor(n.教授)

Professorship(n.教授资格)

y结尾的名词

Honest(adj.诚实的)

honesty(n.诚实)

如:

(1)Hiscarelessness(careful)resultedintheterribleaccident

(2)Hewasoneofthevisitors(visit)whoth

oughthighlyofTom,theirguide.

◆活学活用

(一).用所给单词的适当形式填空。

Ihated

(1)__________(wait)forherforhourswithout

(2)______

(know)whenonearthshewouldcome.Onher(3)__________(arrive),shewouldalwayshuggedme,promisingnevertobelateagain.Iusedtostareatherin(4)__________(angry),tellingherfranklythather(5)__________(arrive)latemademeangryandthatIwantedtoendour(6)__________(relate).However,sheneverseemedtobe(7)__________(angrily).Shetoldmethatshealwaysthoughtofmeasoneofherbest(8)__________(friendly)andifIlefther,thatwouldbeasevere(9)_________(punish)toher.Finallywereachedan(10)_________(agree)thatwewouldstillbegoodfriends,butshemustn,tbelateagain.

答案:

(1)waiting

(2)knowing(3)arrival(4)anger(5)arriving(6)relation(7)angry(8)friends(9)punishment(10)agreement

(二).在下文空格处填人一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空,说出第1,4,6,7,10题的解题思路。

Eachofusfailsfromtimetotime.Ifwearewise,weacceptthese

(1)__________(fail)asanecessarypartofthelearningprocess.Butalltoooften

(2)__________parentsandteacherswedonotallowourchildrentohavethesameright.Weconveyeitherbywords(3)__________byactionsthatfailureissomethingtobeashamedof,andthatnothingbuttopperformancemeetswithour(4)__________(approve).

WhenIseeachildsubjecttothiskindofpressure,IthinkofDonnie.Hewasashy,nervousperfectionist.Hisfearoffailure(5)__________(keep)himfromclassroomgamesthatotherchildrenplayedwithjoyousabandon.Heseldomansweredquestionsforfearthathewouldbewrong.Heseldomfinishedhisworkbecauseherepeatedlycheckedwithmetobesurehehadn,tmadea(6)__________(mistaken).Itriedmybesttobuilduphisself-confidence.AndIrepeatedlyaskedGodfor(7)__________(direct).Butnothingchangeduntilmidterm,(8)__________MaryAnne,ayoungstudentteacher,wasappointedtoourclassroom.Shewasyoungandpretty,andshelovedchildren.Manystudents,Donnie(9)__________(include),adoredher.Withher(10)__________(encourage),Donniebecameconfident.

解析:

(1)动词accept后接名词,前有these,名词需用复数形式failures。

(4)介词with后需接名词,所以答案为approval。

(6)冠词后用名词。

所以答案为mistake。

(7)介词for后接名词,故填direction(ion是名词后缀)

(10)With后接名词,故填encouragement(V+ment变成名词)

答案:

(1)failures

(2)as(3)or(4)approval(5)kept(6)mistake(7)direction(8)when(9)included(10)encouragement

二、完形填空

阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从1~15各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。

Stevensonandhisfamilywenttoscotlandforaholiday.Onerainymorning,hetookhiswifeandhissonLloydoutforalongwalkoverthehills.Theyhadbeen1thisforseveraldaysbeforetheweathersuddenlytookaturnfortheworse.Keptindoorsbytheheavyrain,Lloydfeltthedays2.Tokeeptheboyhappy,Robertaskedtheboytodosome3.

Onemorning,theboycametoRobertwithabeautifulmapofanisland.Robert4thattheboyhaddrawnalargecrossinthemiddleof5.“Whatsthat?

”heas

ked.“Thatsthe6treasure,”saidtheboy.Robertsuddenly7somethingofanadventurestoryintheboys8.Whiletherainwaspouring,Robertsatdownbythefiretowriteastory.Hewouldmakethe9atwelveyearoldboy,justlikeLloyd.Butwhowouldbethepirate(海盗)?

RoberthadagoodfriendnamedHenley,whowalkedaroundwiththe10ofawoodenleg.Roberthadalwayswantedto11suchamaninastory.12LongJohnSilver,thepiratewithawoodenleg,was13.

So,thankstoa14SeptemberinScotland,afriendwithawoodenleg,andtheimaginationofatwelveyearoldboy,wehaveoneofthegreatest15storiesintheEnglishlanguage.

1.A.attemptingB.missingC.planningD.enjoying

2.A.quietB.dullC.busyD.cold

3.A.cleaningB.writingC.drawingD.exercising

4.A.doubtedB.noticedC.decidedD.recognized

5.A.theseaB.thehouseC.ScotlandD.theisland

6.A.forgottenB.buriedC.discoveredD.unexpected

7.A.sawB.drewC.madeD.learned

8.A.bookB.replyC.pictureD.mind

9.A.starB.heroC.writ

erD.child

10.A.helpB.problemC.useD.bottom

11.A.praiseB.produceC.includeD.accept

12.A.YetB.AlsoC.ButD.Thus

13.A.readB.bornC.hiredD.written

14.A.rainyB.sunnyC.coolD.windy

15.A.newsB.loveC.reallifeD.adventure

1.解析:

度假时,每天散散步,应该是享受生活。

答案:

D

2.解析:

下大雨,只能在室内,这样的日子对小男孩来说,当然是沉闷。

答案:

B

3.解析:

根据第四段第一句,这男孩画了一幅地图,故选C。

4.解析:

句意:

罗伯特注意到小男孩在岛中央画了一

个大大的十字。

答案:

B

5.解析:

本段第一句中abeautifulmapofanisland可知,是在岛的中央画了个十字。

答案:

D

6.解析:

句意:

那是被埋藏的宝藏。

答案:

B

7.解析:

句意:

罗伯特突然在男孩的图画中看到了冒险故事。

see看懂,明白。

答案:

A

8.解析:

根据上文可知是画的画,故选C。

答案:

C

9.解析:

句意:

他让像Lloyd这样一个12岁的男孩成了文中的主人公。

答案:

B

10.解析:

withthehelpof在……的帮助下。

答案:

A

11.解析:

句意:

罗伯特一直想在某个故事里写进一个这样的人。

include包括;praise赞扬;produce产生;accept接受。

答案:

C

12.解析:

Thus这样,因此;Yet然而;Also也;But然而,表转折。

答案:

D

13.解析:

句意:

这个有着一条木腿的海盗诞生了。

答案:

B

14.解析:

由第三段中theheavyrain。

可知此处用rainy。

答案:

A

15.解析:

由第四段anadventurestory。

可知此处用adventure。

答案:

D

阅读理解

专题训练

(一)阅读中的猜词技巧

(1)

定义释义法

方法点拨:

释义指对陌生词的解释(解释性描述),一般通过定义、定语从句、词组、同位语从句来体现。

其表现形式为:

用that

is,inotherwords,or,mean,becalled,referto或连系动词tobe等定义或重述形式来解释生词。

如∶

[例题1]:

Anthropologyisthescientificstudyofman.

[例题2]:

Theherdsman,wholooksaftersheep,earnsabout650yuanayear.

[解析1]:

从解释thescientificstudyofman可知anthropology的意思是“人类学”。

[解析2]:

定语从句中looksaftersheep就表明了herdsman的词义为“牧羊人”。

◆活学活用

(一)利用上述方法,猜出下列各句划线词的意思。

1.Sociologyisthe

termusedtodescri

bethescientificstudyofhumansociety.

2.Theyneedtomaketheirincomemeetthecostofliving,somanypeopleplanafamilybudget.Abudgetisalistofmonthlyexpenses.

3.Janeisindecisive,thatis,shecan,tmakeuphermind.

4.Themodernageofmedicinebeganwiththestethoscope,aninstrumentforlisteningtopatients,heartbeatandbreathing.

5.KrabacbersuffersfromSAD,whichisshortforseasonalaffectivedisorder,asyndromecharacterizedbysevereseasonalmoodswings.

6.Theyarevertebrates,thatis,animalsthathavebackbones.

解析:

1.假定sociology是一个不认识的词,系动词be后面就给出了明确的定义。

这样,我们便知道该词意思为“社会学”。

2.is后面是对第一句中划线单词的解释,给出了明确的定义,从定义上推测出单词budget的

意思为“预算”。

3.由thatis可知,后面是对indecisive的定义解释,由此可猜测出单词indecisive的意思为“优柔寡断的,没有决定能力的”。

4.此句中逗号(,)后的同位语aninstrumentforlisteningtopatientsheartbeatandbreathing已经给出了划线单词的确切意思,stethoscope为“听诊器”。

5.从seasonalaffectivedisorder,asyndromecharacterizedbysevereseasonalmoodswings推出SAD的意思是“季节性情绪紊乱症”。

6.从解释animalsthathavebackbones可知vertebrates的意思是“脊椎动物”。

答案:

1.社会学2.预算3.优柔寡断的,没有决策能力的

4.听诊器5.季节性情绪紊乱症6.脊椎动物

(二)阅读下列短文,按要求完成读写任务。

(2009年全国高考Ⅰ卷)We

havemettheenemy,andheisours.Weboughthimatapetshop.Whenmonkey-pox,adiseaseusuallyfoundintheAfricanrainforest,suddenlyturnsupinchildrenintheAmericanMidwest,it,shardnottowonderifthediseasethatcomesfromforeignanimalsishomingoronhumanbeings.“Mostoftheinfectionswethinkofashumaninfectionsstartedinotheranimals,”saysMorse,directoroftheCen

terforPublicHealthPreparednessatColumbiaUniversity.

It,snotjustthatwe,regoingtowheretheanimalsare,we,realsobringingthemclosertous.Popularforeignpetsha

vebroughtawholenewdiseasetothiscountry.AstrangeillnesskilledIsaksen,spets,andshenowthinksthatkeepingforeignpetsisabadidea.“Idon,tthinkit,sfairtohavethemaspetswhenwehavesuchalimitedknowledgeofthem,”saysIsaken.“Lawsallowingtheseanimalstobebroughtinfromdeepforestareaswithoutstrictercontrolneedchanging,”saysPeterSchantz.Monkey-poxmaybethewake-upcall.Researchersbelieveinfectedanimalsmayinfecttheirowners.Weknowverylittleaboutthesenewdiseases.Anewbugmaybekindatfirst.Butitmaydevelopintosomethingharmful.Monkey-poxdoesn,tlookamajorinfectiousdisease.Butitisnotimpossibletopassthediseasefrompersontoperson.

Ⅰ、根据短文,写一篇30词左右的摘要。

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

答案:

Thetexttellsusthatkeepingpetsfromforeignforestwithoutnecessaryknowledgeoftheanimalsmaybedangerousbecausetheymaybringsomeunknowninfectiousdiseasetoharmourhealth.(31words)

Ⅱ、根据所读短文,选择正确答案。

1.Whatdosetheword“monkey-pox”mean?

A.acontainertokeepmonkeys.B.amedicineforamonkeydisease

C.aninfectiousdiseaseD.apopularforeignpet

2.Whatdoesthephrase“thewake-upcall”mostprobablymean

?

A.anewdiseaseB.aclearwarning

C.adangerousanimalD.amorningcall

3.Whatdoestheword“bug”mean?

A.aninfectiousdiseaseB.avirus

C.apetD.adiseaseinAfricanforest

4.WhydidIsaksenadvisepeoplenottohaveforeignpets?

A.Theyattackhumanbeings.B.Weneedtostudynativeanimals.

C.Theycan,tliveoutofth

erainforest.D.Wedon,tknowmuchaboutthem.

5.Thetextsuggeststhatinthefuturewe__________.

A.mayhavetofightagainstmorenewdiseases

B.mayeasilygetinfectedwithdiseasesfromdogs

C.shouldnotbeallowedtohavepetsD.shouldstopbuy

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