深圳市届高三年级第一次调研考试英语试题及答案.docx
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深圳市届高三年级第一次调研考试英语试题及答案
绝密★启用前
深圳市2018届高三年级第一次调研考试
英语
2018.3
本试题卷共10页。
全卷满分120分,折算成135分计入总分。
考试用时120分钟。
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第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
Lostcitiesthathavebeenfound
TheWhiteCity
In2015,ateamofexplorerstoHondurasinsearchof"theLostCityoftheMonkeGod"ledtothediscoveryoftheWhiteCity.TheyfoundtheruinsintheMosquitiaregionoftheCentralAmericancountrywhichisknownforpoisonoussnakes,viciousjaguarsanddeadlyinsects.ItisbelievedthatlocalpeoplehidherewhentheSpanishconquerors(征服者)occupiedtheirhomelandinthe16thcentury.
CanopusandHeracleion
ModernresearcherswereteasedbytheancientwritingsabouttheEgyptiancitiesCanopusandHeracleion-whereQueenCleopatraoftenvisited.Butthecitiesweren’tfounduntil1992,whenasearchinAlexandriawatersfoundthatthetwocitieshadbeenfloodedforcenturies.Artifacts(史前器物)showedthatthecitiesoncehighlydevelopedasatradenetwork,whichhelpedresearcherspiecetogethermoreaboutthelastqueenofEgypt.
MachuPicchu
AYaleprofessordiscovered"theLostCityintheClouds"in1911.Acombinationofpalaces,plazas,templesandhomes,MachuPicchudisplaystheIncaEmpireattheheightofitsrule.Thecity,whichwasabandonedinthe16thcenturyforunknownreasons,washiddenbythelocalpeoplefromtheSpanishconquerorsforcenturieskeepingitsowellpreserved.
Troy
TheancientcityofTroyinhomer'sTheIliadwasconsideredafictionalsettingforhischaracterstorunwild.Butin1871,explorationsinnorthwesternTurkeyexposednineancientcitieslayered(层叠)ontopofeachother,theearliestdatingbacktoabout5,000yearsbefore.ItwaslaterdeterminedthatthesixthorseventhlayercontainedthelostcityofTroyandthatitwasactuallydestroyedbyanearthquake,notawoodenhorse.
21.WhydidpeoplehideintheWhiteCityinthe16thcentury?
A.Tosurvivethewar
B.Tosearchforalostcity.
C.Toprotecttheircountry.
D.Toavoiddangerousanimals
22.Whichofthefollowingwasrelatedtoaroyalfamilymember?
A.TheWhiteCity
B.CanopusandHeracleion
C.MachuPicchu
D.Troy
23.WhatcanwelearnaboutTroy?
A.ItwasbuiltbyHomer.
B.Itconsistedofninecities
C.Ithadahistoryof5,000years
D.Itwasruinedbyanaturaldisaster.
B
Mymotivationforstartingourfamilytraditionofreadinginthecarwaspurelyselfish:
IcouldnotbearlisteningtoASesameStreetChristmasforanother10hours.Mythreechildrenhadbeenaddictedtothiscassetteonourprevioussummersroadtrip
AsIbegantoprepareforournext500-milecartrip,Icameacrossabook-JimTrelease'sTheReadAloudHandbook.Thiscouldbetheanswertomyproblem.Ithought.SoIputRoalddahl'sJamesandtheGiantPeachintomybag.WhenIbegantoreadaloudthetaleoftheboywhoescapesthebadguysbyhidinginsideagiantpeach,mythreekidsarguedandwrestledintheirseats.Butafterseverallines,theywereattractedintotherhythmofthewordsandbegantolisten
Wesoonlearnedthatthesimplepleasureoflisteningtoawell-writtenbookmakesthelongmilespassmorequickly.Sometimesthebookswereadbecamehighlightsofthetrip.IreadWilsonRawls'sSummeroftheMonkeysaswespenttwodaysdrivingtothebeach.Wearrivedjustbehindthepowercrewsrestoring(恢复)electricityafteratropicalstorm.Theraincontinuedmostoftheweek,andthebeachwascoveredwithoilwashedupbythestorm.Whenwereturnedhome,Iaskedmysonwhathelikedaboutthetrip.Heansweredwithouthesitation,"Thebookyoureadinthecar.
Roadtripsstillofferchallenges,eventhoughmychildrennowareteenagers.Butwecontinuetoreadaswerollacrossthecountry.AndI'mbeginningtoseethatreadingaloudhasdonemorethanhelppassthetime.Foratleastalittlewhile,wearenotshutinourownelectronicworlds.Andmaybewe'vestartedsomethingthatwillpassontothenextgeneration.
24.Whydidtheauthorstartreadinginthecar?
A.Shewantedtohaveabetterjourney.
B.Shewantedtokeepafamilytradition
C.Herchildrenwereaddictedtoreading.
D.Herchildrenweretiredofthecassette
25.Howdidthechildrenreactaftertheauthorreadafewlines?
A.Theykeptfighting
B.Theyhidthemselves
C.Theysoonsettleddown
D.Theyreadtogetheraloud
26.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorandherfamily'striptothebeach?
A.Theywerecaughtinastorm
B.Theyenjoyedreadingontheroad
C.Theyhadagoodtimeonthebeach
D.Theythoughtithadpassedtooquickly.
27.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?
A.BetterTravelingthanReading
B.BooksthatChangedMyChildren
C.RoadTripsFullofChallenges
D.ReadingMakesGreatRoadTrips
C
Thearmbonesofwomenwholived7,000yearsagoshowasurprisinglevelofstrength-evenhigherthantoday'sprofessionalathletes.that'saccordingtoafirst-everstudycomparingprehistoric(史前的)bonestothoseoflivingpeople.Thefindingsuggestsarevisionofhistory-theeverydaylivesofprehistoricwomenwerefilledwithhardlabor,ratherthanjustsittingathomedoinglightertaskswhilethemenstruggledandfoughtforlife.
Beforethestudy,therearenoclearrecordsdescribinghowourancientancestorslived.Itcanbeeasytoforgetthatboneisalivingtissue,onethatrespondstothedifficultiesweputourbodiesthrough,"saidleadauthorAlisonMacintosh."Physicalforceandmuscleactivitybothputpressureonthebone.Thebonereactsbychanginginshape,thicknessandotheraspectsovertime.
Previousstudiesonlycomparedfemalebonestocontemporarymalebones,theresearcherssaid-andthat'saproblem,becausetheresponseofmalebonestostressandchangeismuchbiggerthanthatofwomen.Forinstance,ashumansmovedfromahunter-gathererlifestyleconstantlyonthemovetoamoresettledagrarian(农耕的)one,changescanbeobservedinthestructureoftheshinbone(胫骨)-andthesechangesweremuchmoreevidentinmen.
However,acomparisonofthebonesofprehistoricwomentothebonesoflivingfemaleathletescanhelpusworkoutamoreaccuratepictureofwhatthoseprehistoricwomenweredoing."Byanalyzingthebonesoflivingpeopleandcomparingthemtotheancientbones,wecanstarttoexplainthekindsoflaborourancestorswerereforming,Macintoshsaid.Whattheyfoundwasthatwomen'slegstrengthhasn’tchangedagreatdeal,buttheirarmsusedtobeverypowerful.Prehistoricwomen,theresearchersfound,hadarmstrength11-16percentstrongerthanthoseofmodernrowers,and30percentstrongerthanthoseofnon-athletes.
28.Whatdoesthestudytellaboutprehistoricwomen?
A.Theywerestrongerthanmen
B.Theyhadlighterbonesthanmen
C.Theydidtoughtasksasthemen
D.Theyspentmosttimestayingathome
29.Whatproblemdidpreviousstudiesonprehistoricboneshave?
A.Theylackedenoughcomparison.
B.Theyonlystudiedmen’sbones
C.Theyfocusedlittleonbones.
D.Theyignoredthelifestyles
30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"that'"inParagraph3referto?
A.Bonesstructure.
B.Bones’thickness
C.Bonesresponsetostress.
D.Bones,stressfromhardlabor.
31.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?
A.It'sstillhardtoexplainourancestors'lifestyle
B.Prehistoricwomenwentthroughmuchsuffering.
C.Women'sarmshavebecomemuchstrongerovertime
D.Prehistoricwomenarestrongerthancontemporaryfemales
D
Afewyearsago,DarlaHoffpaintedapumpkinfaceontoaroundstrawbale(捆)atAlandKarenGoldman'sfarminIdahoFallstoadvertiseheru-pickpumpkinfieldWhileDarlahasstoppedgrowingpumpkins,theannualtraditionofstrawbaleartlivesonatthefarmandhasdrawnfriendsandneighborstoparticipateinit.Pastcreationshaveincludedanowl,Minions,tractorsandateddybear.
Tomakethetractors,Albaledroundstrawbalesintwodifferentsizes-smalleronesforthetractor'sfronttiresandlargeronesfortherear(尾部).Largesquarebalesmadeupthebodies.JerryKienlenusedhisfarmingequipmenttoarrangethebalesintheshapeoftwotractors.Thenitwastimetobringthetractorstolife.Karenandherdaughter,LanaHedrick,securedsomegreenpaint,andAlgotsomeredpaint.Darla'shusband,James,sprayedthecreationwithapaintgun.ForthefinishingtouchesStevendonatedtwoshinyexhauststacks(排气管),andAlandKarendonatedtwosteeringwheelsfromtheirfarmparts.
Thefarm'sannualstrawbaleartprojectshavenowbecomeawayforeveryonetocelebratetheendofanothergrowingseason.it'sjustsomethingfuntodotogetherafterharvest.Thisneighborhoodhasalwaysbeenclose.Generationsofthesefamilieshavegrowncropsinthissoil.Raisedonthefarmswheretheylivenow,theygrewuptogetherastheireldersdidbefore.AlandKarenaretrulysuperneighbors.Everyyeartheyalsogrowabouttwoacresofcorntogiveaway.Anyonecanpicksome,orAlandKarenwillevendeliver.AndduringlongIdahowinters,everyonegathersatthefarmtoenjoyfreshcoffeeandcookies.
Thisyear'sstrawbalecreationthemeisStrawWars.AndalleyeswillbeonAlandKaren'sfarmastheircreationtakesshape.
32.WhydidDarlapaintapumpkinfaceontoastrawbale?
A.Torecyclestrawbales
B.Topleasehisneighbors
C.Tocreateanewtradition
D.Tomakeanadvertisement
33.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"thecreation"inParagraph2referto?
A.Thestrawbaletires
B.Thesquarestrawbales.