英语届山东省泰安市高三第二轮复习质量检测二模英语试题含答案.docx
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英语届山东省泰安市高三第二轮复习质量检测二模英语试题含答案
2020届山东省泰安市高三第二轮复习质量检测(二模)英语试题
一、阅读选择
1.
TheFutureLeadersisayear-roundleadershipdevelopmentprogrammethatischanginglivesforadiverserangeofyoungpeopleinNewZealand.Itispart-time,designedforyoungpeopleaged16-25.You'llmeetamazingpeople,andattendthenationaleventFestivalfortheFuture.You'llgetaccesstocoachingandmentoring(指导),workshopstohelpyoudevelopideasandskillsforthefuture,andmakeadifferenceinyourcommunity.
Areyouaged16-25?
Doyouwanttobeinspired,buildyourconnectionsandskillsforthefuture?
Applynow.Twogreatwaysyoucanapplytotakepart.
Option1—applyingasaCatalyst(apersonthatcausesachange)isthebestwaytoboostyourcapability.Thekeydifferencebetweenthisandthewider"FutureLeaders"option,isthatyou'llattendallthreenationalhui(includingFestivalfortheFuture),getaccesstoone-on-onesupportthroughmentoringandcoaching,andtakemoreofaleadershiproleworkingwithotherCatalyststodevelopandleadaprojectinyourcommunity.
Whilstthere'snocosttoyou,ifyou'reofferedaplaceasaCatalystit'stheequivalent ofreceivinga$5,000scholarshiptosupportyourtraininganddevelopment.Spacesarestrictlylimitedto4Catalystspercommunity.
Option2—applyingasaFutureLeaderisthelighterwaytoexperiencetheprogramme.Whilstyouwon'tattendallthreenationalhuiorgetone-on-onecoachingandmentoring,you'llstillmakeawesomeconnections,beinspiredandbuildyourleadershipskills.You'llgetthechancetoattendFestivalfortheFutureinWellington,attendlocaleventsandworkshops,andgetinvolvedintheprojectinyourcommunity.
Whilstthere'snocosttoyou,ifyou'reofferedaplaceasaFutureLeaders,it'stheequivalentofreceivinga$1,000scholarshiptosupportyourtraininganddevelopment.Spacesarelimited.
(1)What'sthepurposeofthetext?
A Tointroduceaprogrammetoallages. B ToshowyoungpeoplehowtoapplyfortheFutureLeaders. C Tolisttwoapplicationpositions. D Toencouragepeopletobefutureleaders.
(2)WhatcanweknowabouttheFutureLeadersprogramme?
A Itcanequipyouwithleadershipskills. B It'sdesignedforsuccessfulyoungpeople. C Itsuppliesactivitiestohelpthecommunity. D Itrequiresyoutotakepartallyearround.
(3)What'sthesimilaritythatliesinOption1andOption2?
A Youwillattendallthreenationalhui. B Youcanreceivenoscholarship. C Thetwooptionsarebothfreeofcharge. D Therearearangofspacestochoosefrom.
2.
MylesKerrknewthatbeingaMarine(水兵)comeswithalotofresponsibility,butdespitethehugeweighthehasonhisshoulders,hehasnotforgottentheessenceofbeingapublicservant—thatofbeinghuman.
Sevenyearsago,aphotoofaMarineandayoungboyrunningamarathonimmediatelywentviralafteritwassharedonsocialmedia.Butwhatseemedlikeasimpleimagepackeda muchdeeperbackstory.Thisstoryhappenedin2013,butitsrelevanceisstillaspowerfulasever.
ThepairwererunningTheJeffDrenchMemorial5KinCharlevoix,MichiganwhenMylesKerrcameacrossBrandonFuchs,a9-yearoldboystrugglingtokeepupwiththerestofhisgroup.Brandon,exhaustedandoutofbreath,askedtheMarine:
"Willyourunwithme?
"
Peoplewhohadtheireyesontheprizewouldhaverefused,butthe19-year-oldwasdifferent.BeingaMarine,heknewexactlywhatheshoulddo.Kerrputasidehisgoalofbeatinghismatesandinsteadsloweddowntoaccompanythestrugglingboytothefinishline.
Becausehechosetohelptheboy,theMarineendedupwiththeslowesttimeinhisagegroup,accordingtothe5Kresultsonline.
Thoughhemighthavelosttherace,theMarinewonoverpeople'shearts.Hisactofkindnesswascelebratedonsocialmedia.
Kerrdidn'texpectthathissimplegesturewouldattractsomuchattention.Herespondedtoatweetpraisinghisactionssaying,"Iwasjustdoingwhatanymanwoulddo,butthankyou!
"HealsotweetedthathereceivedgiftsfromtheFuchsfamilyforhelpingoutBrandon.
ToKerr,beingaMarinewasmorethanjustbeingtrainedforcombat—italsorequiredlearninghowtobekindandcompassionatetowardsthecitizenstheyserve.
(1)WhatwasMylesKerrsevenyearsago?
A Amarine. B Apublicservant. C Amarathonrunner. D AMichigancitizen.
(2)WhatisMylesKerr'soriginalgoaltoparticipateinthemarathon?
A Towinoverpeople'shearts. B Toaccompanytheboy. C Togetthebestscoreinhisagegroup. D Tobuilduphisbody.
(3)WhichofthefollowingbestdescribeMylesKerr?
A Kindandunselfish. B Enthusiasticandgenerous. C Responsibleandproud. D Stubbornandhelpful.
(4)Whatdoesthestorymainlyconvey?
A BeingaMarinebearsalot. B Kindnessmattersmorethanprizes. C BeingaMarinemeansapublicservant. D Goodactionsspreadquickly.
3.
Turtlesmaybecute,buttheyarealsoslowandclumsy,whichdoesn'treallyhelpthemwhentheyaretryingtocrosstraintracks.Luckily,fortheturtlesinJapan'sHyōgoPrefecture,railwayoperatorsandalocalaquariumteameduptofindasolution.
Between2002and2014,disruptions(中断)oftrainoperationcausedbyturtleswerereported13times,withmanymoreprobablygoingunreported.Thatiswhy,in2015,WestJapanRailwayCo.andSumaAqualifeParkinKobejointforcestopreventtragicturtledeathsonthetracksandunnecessarytraindelay.Afterrunningaseriesoftestsandexperiments,theycameupwithaU-shapedditch(沟渠)thatcollectstheturtles,preventingthemfromgettingstuckbetweenthemetaltracksandgettingcrushedtodeath.
Testsshowedthatturtlestryingtocrossthetraintracksoftenfallintothespacebetweenthem,whichleavesthemwithnootheroptionthantowalkbetweenthem.Sadly,thiscausessomeofthemtogetstuckbetweenthemetaltracksatjunctions(交叉口),andtheyunavoidablygetcrushedtodeathwhenthepointsblades(叶片)move.
"Theturtlesarebasicallyjustgoingabouttheirdailybusinessandhavetocrossthelinestogettoapond,"arailwayspokespersonsaid."Whenthepointsbladesmove,unfortunatelytheygetsquashedbetweenthemanddie.Theycancauselongdelaystooperationssoweconsultedwithaturtlespecialisttofindthebestwaytohelpthem."
TheU-shapedconcreteditchesinstalledatseveralcriticalpointsalongthetrainlinesnearthecityofKobecatchtheturtlesatdangerofgettingstuckbetweenthetracks.Theyallowtheturtlestogetpastthejunctionssafely.10turtleswerereportedlysavedinthefirstmonthsincetheU-shapedditchwasputtouseinNovember2015.
(1)What'sthebesttitleofthetext?
A AnImportantInventioninJapan B TheU-shapedConcreteDitches C TurtlesCrossingTrainTracksinDanger D Japan'sCleverSolutiontoHelpTurtlesCrossTrainTracks
(2)WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytalkabout?
A WhytheU-shapedditchisinvented. B Theturtles'terribleconditions. C Thetraindelaycausedbyturtles. D Howtheturtlesgothroughthetracks.
(3)Whatdoestheunderlinedword"them"inParagraph3referto?
A Theturtles. B Thetrains. C Thetraintracks. D Thepointsblades.
(4)Whatcanweinferabouttheditches?
A Theyareinstalledontherailwaytracks. B Theycanpreventturtlesfromescaping. C Theyareeasytotraptheturtles. D Theyarehelpfulforturtlestocrosstraintracks.
4.
Theoceancoversover70percentofthesurfaceofEarthtoday,butover3billionyearsagotheentireplanetmayhavebeencoveredinwater.Toinvestigatewhatourplanetwaslikebillionsofyearsago,ateamofresearchersturnedtoindirectmethodsofanalysisatageologicalsiteintheAustralianOutbackknownasPanorama(全景画)inthePilbaraCraton.Today,theregionis100kilometersinland,but3.2billionyearsago,itwasdeepunderwater.
Infact,therewerealsoonceancienthydrothermalvents(热水口)therewhereseawaterbubbledupthroughtheoceanfloor."Therearenosamplesofreallyancientoceanwaterlyingaround,butwedohaverocksthatinteractedwiththatseawaterandrememberedthatinteraction,"leadauthorBenjaminJohnson,anassistantprofessoratIowaStateUniversity,saidinastatement.
Theresearcherscollectedover100oftheserocksamplesandfoundsomethingpeculiarinthem:
aslightlyhigheramountofaparticularisotope(同位素)ofoxygen.ThevastmajorityofoxygenonEarthisOxygen-16andcontainseightprotons(质子)andeightneutrons.However,about0.20percentisOxygen-18.
SamplesfromAustraliashowtheregion'sancientwatercontainedmoreOxygen-18thanpresenttimes.Sincecontinentsarecoveredinclay-richsoilthatisefficientattrappingOxygen-18,theteamsuggeststhatwithoutcontinentscoveredinsoil,moreOxygen-18wouldhavebeenpresentintheocean.Theirdiscoveryindeedsuggeststherewasn'tmuchdrylandavailable3.24billionyearsago.
"There'snothinginwhatwe'vedonethatsaysyoucan'thavetiny,micro-continentsstickingoutoftheoceans,"addedco-authorBoswellWing."Wejustdon'tthinktherewereglobal-scaleformationsofcontinentalsoilslikewehavetoday."Theresearchersdon'tknowwhenandhowcontinentsbegantoemergeoutoftheoceanbuttheyplantoinvestigate"younger"rockformationstopiecetogetheramoreprecisetimeline.
(1)Whereistheresearchsite?
A Inaregiondeepunderwater. B InaregionoffAustralia. C InaregioninlandAustralia. D InaregionoutsidethePilbaraCraton.
(2)Whatdotheunderlinedwords"