英语届山东省泰安市高三第二轮复习质量检测二模英语试题含答案.docx

英语届山东省泰安市高三第二轮复习质量检测二模英语试题含答案.docx

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英语届山东省泰安市高三第二轮复习质量检测二模英语试题含答案

2020届山东省泰安市高三第二轮复习质量检测（二模）英语试题

一、阅读选择

1. 

TheFutureLeadersisayear-roundleadershipdevelopmentprogrammethatischanginglivesforadiverserangeofyoungpeopleinNewZealand.Itispart-time,designedforyoungpeopleaged16-25.You'llmeetamazingpeople,andattendthenationaleventFestivalfortheFuture.You'llgetaccesstocoachingandmentoring（指导）,workshopstohelpyoudevelopideasandskillsforthefuture,andmakeadifferenceinyourcommunity.

Areyouaged16-25?

Doyouwanttobeinspired,buildyourconnectionsandskillsforthefuture?

Applynow.Twogreatwaysyoucanapplytotakepart.

Option1—applyingasaCatalyst（apersonthatcausesachange）isthebestwaytoboostyourcapability.Thekeydifferencebetweenthisandthewider"FutureLeaders"option,isthatyou'llattendallthreenationalhui（includingFestivalfortheFuture）,getaccesstoone-on-onesupportthroughmentoringandcoaching,andtakemoreofaleadershiproleworkingwithotherCatalyststodevelopandleadaprojectinyourcommunity.

Whilstthere'snocosttoyou,ifyou'reofferedaplaceasaCatalystit'stheequivalent ofreceivinga$5,000scholarshiptosupportyourtraininganddevelopment.Spacesarestrictlylimitedto4Catalystspercommunity.

Option2—applyingasaFutureLeaderisthelighterwaytoexperiencetheprogramme.Whilstyouwon'tattendallthreenationalhuiorgetone-on-onecoachingandmentoring,you'llstillmakeawesomeconnections,beinspiredandbuildyourleadershipskills.You'llgetthechancetoattendFestivalfortheFutureinWellington,attendlocaleventsandworkshops,andgetinvolvedintheprojectinyourcommunity.

Whilstthere'snocosttoyou,ifyou'reofferedaplaceasaFutureLeaders,it'stheequivalentofreceivinga$1,000scholarshiptosupportyourtraininganddevelopment.Spacesarelimited.

（1）What'sthepurposeofthetext?

A  Tointroduceaprogrammetoallages.        B  ToshowyoungpeoplehowtoapplyfortheFutureLeaders.        C  Tolisttwoapplicationpositions.        D  Toencouragepeopletobefutureleaders.

（2）WhatcanweknowabouttheFutureLeadersprogramme?

A  Itcanequipyouwithleadershipskills.        B  It'sdesignedforsuccessfulyoungpeople.        C  Itsuppliesactivitiestohelpthecommunity.        D  Itrequiresyoutotakepartallyearround.

（3）What'sthesimilaritythatliesinOption1andOption2?

A  Youwillattendallthreenationalhui.        B  Youcanreceivenoscholarship.        C  Thetwooptionsarebothfreeofcharge.        D  Therearearangofspacestochoosefrom.

2. 

MylesKerrknewthatbeingaMarine（水兵）comeswithalotofresponsibility,butdespitethehugeweighthehasonhisshoulders,hehasnotforgottentheessenceofbeingapublicservant—thatofbeinghuman.

Sevenyearsago,aphotoofaMarineandayoungboyrunningamarathonimmediatelywentviralafteritwassharedonsocialmedia.Butwhatseemedlikeasimpleimagepackeda muchdeeperbackstory.Thisstoryhappenedin2013,butitsrelevanceisstillaspowerfulasever.

ThepairwererunningTheJeffDrenchMemorial5KinCharlevoix,MichiganwhenMylesKerrcameacrossBrandonFuchs,a9-yearoldboystrugglingtokeepupwiththerestofhisgroup.Brandon,exhaustedandoutofbreath,askedtheMarine:

"Willyourunwithme?

"

Peoplewhohadtheireyesontheprizewouldhaverefused,butthe19-year-oldwasdifferent.BeingaMarine,heknewexactlywhatheshoulddo.Kerrputasidehisgoalofbeatinghismatesandinsteadsloweddowntoaccompanythestrugglingboytothefinishline.

Becausehechosetohelptheboy,theMarineendedupwiththeslowesttimeinhisagegroup,accordingtothe5Kresultsonline.

Thoughhemighthavelosttherace,theMarinewonoverpeople'shearts.Hisactofkindnesswascelebratedonsocialmedia.

Kerrdidn'texpectthathissimplegesturewouldattractsomuchattention.Herespondedtoatweetpraisinghisactionssaying,"Iwasjustdoingwhatanymanwoulddo,butthankyou!

"HealsotweetedthathereceivedgiftsfromtheFuchsfamilyforhelpingoutBrandon.

ToKerr,beingaMarinewasmorethanjustbeingtrainedforcombat—italsorequiredlearninghowtobekindandcompassionatetowardsthecitizenstheyserve. 

（1）WhatwasMylesKerrsevenyearsago?

A  Amarine.        B  Apublicservant.        C  Amarathonrunner.        D  AMichigancitizen.

（2）WhatisMylesKerr'soriginalgoaltoparticipateinthemarathon?

A  Towinoverpeople'shearts.        B  Toaccompanytheboy.        C  Togetthebestscoreinhisagegroup.        D  Tobuilduphisbody.

（3）WhichofthefollowingbestdescribeMylesKerr?

A  Kindandunselfish.        B  Enthusiasticandgenerous.        C  Responsibleandproud.        D  Stubbornandhelpful.

（4）Whatdoesthestorymainlyconvey?

A  BeingaMarinebearsalot.        B  Kindnessmattersmorethanprizes.        C  BeingaMarinemeansapublicservant.        D  Goodactionsspreadquickly.

3. 

Turtlesmaybecute,buttheyarealsoslowandclumsy,whichdoesn'treallyhelpthemwhentheyaretryingtocrosstraintracks.Luckily,fortheturtlesinJapan'sHyōgoPrefecture,railwayoperatorsandalocalaquariumteameduptofindasolution.

Between2002and2014,disruptions（中断）oftrainoperationcausedbyturtleswerereported13times,withmanymoreprobablygoingunreported.Thatiswhy,in2015,WestJapanRailwayCo.andSumaAqualifeParkinKobejointforcestopreventtragicturtledeathsonthetracksandunnecessarytraindelay.Afterrunningaseriesoftestsandexperiments,theycameupwithaU-shapedditch（沟渠）thatcollectstheturtles,preventingthemfromgettingstuckbetweenthemetaltracksandgettingcrushedtodeath.

Testsshowedthatturtlestryingtocrossthetraintracksoftenfallintothespacebetweenthem,whichleavesthemwithnootheroptionthantowalkbetweenthem.Sadly,thiscausessomeofthemtogetstuckbetweenthemetaltracksatjunctions（交叉口）,andtheyunavoidablygetcrushedtodeathwhenthepointsblades（叶片）move.

"Theturtlesarebasicallyjustgoingabouttheirdailybusinessandhavetocrossthelinestogettoapond,"arailwayspokespersonsaid."Whenthepointsbladesmove,unfortunatelytheygetsquashedbetweenthemanddie.Theycancauselongdelaystooperationssoweconsultedwithaturtlespecialisttofindthebestwaytohelpthem."

TheU-shapedconcreteditchesinstalledatseveralcriticalpointsalongthetrainlinesnearthecityofKobecatchtheturtlesatdangerofgettingstuckbetweenthetracks.Theyallowtheturtlestogetpastthejunctionssafely.10turtleswerereportedlysavedinthefirstmonthsincetheU-shapedditchwasputtouseinNovember2015.

（1）What'sthebesttitleofthetext?

A  AnImportantInventioninJapan        B  TheU-shapedConcreteDitches        C  TurtlesCrossingTrainTracksinDanger        D  Japan'sCleverSolutiontoHelpTurtlesCrossTrainTracks

（2）WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytalkabout?

A  WhytheU-shapedditchisinvented.        B  Theturtles'terribleconditions.        C  Thetraindelaycausedbyturtles.        D  Howtheturtlesgothroughthetracks.

（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"them"inParagraph3referto?

A  Theturtles.        B  Thetrains.        C  Thetraintracks.        D  Thepointsblades.

（4）Whatcanweinferabouttheditches?

A  Theyareinstalledontherailwaytracks.        B  Theycanpreventturtlesfromescaping.        C  Theyareeasytotraptheturtles.        D  Theyarehelpfulforturtlestocrosstraintracks.

4. 

Theoceancoversover70percentofthesurfaceofEarthtoday,butover3billionyearsagotheentireplanetmayhavebeencoveredinwater.Toinvestigatewhatourplanetwaslikebillionsofyearsago,ateamofresearchersturnedtoindirectmethodsofanalysisatageologicalsiteintheAustralianOutbackknownasPanorama（全景画）inthePilbaraCraton.Today,theregionis100kilometersinland,but3.2billionyearsago,itwasdeepunderwater.

Infact,therewerealsoonceancienthydrothermalvents（热水口）therewhereseawaterbubbledupthroughtheoceanfloor."Therearenosamplesofreallyancientoceanwaterlyingaround,butwedohaverocksthatinteractedwiththatseawaterandrememberedthatinteraction,"leadauthorBenjaminJohnson,anassistantprofessoratIowaStateUniversity,saidinastatement.

Theresearcherscollectedover100oftheserocksamplesandfoundsomethingpeculiarinthem:

aslightlyhigheramountofaparticularisotope（同位素）ofoxygen.ThevastmajorityofoxygenonEarthisOxygen-16andcontainseightprotons（质子）andeightneutrons.However,about0.20percentisOxygen-18.

SamplesfromAustraliashowtheregion'sancientwatercontainedmoreOxygen-18thanpresenttimes.Sincecontinentsarecoveredinclay-richsoilthatisefficientattrappingOxygen-18,theteamsuggeststhatwithoutcontinentscoveredinsoil,moreOxygen-18wouldhavebeenpresentintheocean.Theirdiscoveryindeedsuggeststherewasn'tmuchdrylandavailable3.24billionyearsago.

"There'snothinginwhatwe'vedonethatsaysyoucan'thavetiny,micro-continentsstickingoutoftheoceans,"addedco-authorBoswellWing."Wejustdon'tthinktherewereglobal-scaleformationsofcontinentalsoilslikewehavetoday."Theresearchersdon'tknowwhenandhowcontinentsbegantoemergeoutoftheoceanbuttheyplantoinvestigate"younger"rockformationstopiecetogetheramoreprecisetimeline.

（1）Whereistheresearchsite?

A  Inaregiondeepunderwater.        B  InaregionoffAustralia.        C  InaregioninlandAustralia.        D  InaregionoutsidethePilbaraCraton.

（2）Whatdotheunderlinedwords"