考博英语阅读理解习题.docx
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考博英语阅读理解习题
PassageOne TheHero
Mymother’sparentscamefromHungary,butmygrandfathercouldtracehisorigintoGermanyandalsohewaseducatedinGermany.Althoughhewasabletoholdaconversationinninelanguages,hewasmostcomfortableinGerman.Everymorning,beforegoingtohisoffice,hereadtheGermanlanguagenewspaper,whichwasAmericanownedandpublishedinNewYork.
MygrandfatherwastheonlyoneinhisfamilytocometotheUnitedStateswithhiswifeandchildren.HestillhadrelativeslivinginEurope.Whenthefirstworldwarbrokeout,helamentedthefactthatifmyuncle,hisonlysonhadtogo,itwouldbecousinfightingagainstcousin.Intheearlydaysofthewar,mygrandmotherbeggedhimtostoptakingtheGermannewspaperandtotakeanEnglishlanguagenewspaper,instead.Hescoffedattheidea,explainingthatthefactitwasinGermandidnotmakeitaGermannewspaper,butonlyanAmericannewspaper,printedinGerman.Butmygrandmotherinsisted,forfearthattheneighborsmayseehimreaditandthinkhewasGerman.So,hefinallygaveuptheGermannewspaper.
Oneday,theinevitablehappenedandmyuncleMiltonreceivednoticetojointhearmy.Mygrandparentswereveryupset,butmymother,hislittlesister,wasexcited.Nowshecouldboastabouthersoldierbrothergoingofftowar.Shewastenyearsoldatthetime,andmyuncle,realizinghowhewasregardedbyhislittlesisterandherfriends,wentoutandboughtthemallservicepins,whichmeantthattheyhadalovedoneintheservice.Allthelittlegirlsweredelighted.Whenthedaycameforhimtoleave,hiswholeregiment,intheiruniforms,lefttogetherfromthesametrainstation.Therewasabandplayingandmymotherandherfriendscametoseehimoff.EachoneworeherservicepinandwavedasmallAmericanflag,cheeringtheboys,astheyleft.
Themomentcameandthesoldiers,allveryyoung,noneofwhomhadhadanytraining,butwhohadneverthelessallbeenissueduniforms,boardedthetrain.Thebandplayedandthecrowdcheered.Thetraingroanedasifitknewthedestinytowhichitwastakingitspassengers,butitsoonbegantomove.Stillcheeringandwavingtheirflags,thebandstillplaying,thetrainslowlydepartedthestation.
Ithadgoneaboutathousandyardswhenitsuddenlygroundtoahalt.Thebandstoppedplaying,thecrowdstoppedcheering.Everyonegazedinwonderasthetrainslowlybackedupandreturnedtothestation.Itseemedaneternityuntilthedoorsopenedandthemenstartedtofileout.Someoneshouted,“It’sthearmistice.Thewarisover.〞Foramoment,nobodymoved,butthenthepeopleheardsomeonebarkordersatthesoldiers.Themenlinedupandformedintotwolines.Theywalkeddownthestepsand,withthebandplayingbehind,paradeddownthestreet,asreturningheroes,tobewelcomedhomebytheassembledcrowd.Thenextdaymyunclereturnedtohisjob,andmygrandfatherresumedreadingtheGermannewspaper,whichhereaduntilthedayhedied.
41.Wherewasthenarrator’sfamilywhenthisstorytookplace?
A.InGermany. B.InHungary. C.IntheUnitedStates D.InNewYork.
42.Hisgrandfather____________.
A.couldnotspeakandreadEnglishwellenough
B.knewninelanguagesequallywell
C.knewanumberoflanguages,butfeltmorekintoGerman
D.lovedGermanbestbecauseitmadehimthinkofhome
43.HisgrandmotherdidnotwantherhusbandtobuyandreadnewspapersinGerman,because________.
A.itwaswartimeandGermansweretheirenemy
B.theneighborswouldmistakethemaspro-German
C.itwaseasiertogetnewspapersinEnglishinAmerica
D.nobodyelsereadnewspapersinGermanduringthewartime
44.Thenarrator’smotherwantedherbrothertogotofightinthewar,because________.
A.likeeverybodyelseatthewartime,shewasverypatriotic
B.shehatedthewarandtheGermansverymuch
C.allherfriendshadrelativesinwarandshewantedtobelikethem
D.shelikedtohaveabrothershecouldthinkofasahero
PassageTwo
WakingUpfromtheAmericanDreams
Therehasbeenmuchtalkrecentlyaboutthephenomenonof“Wal-Martization〞ofAmerica,whichreferstotheattemptofAmerica’sgiantWal-Martchainstorecompanytokeepitscostatrock-bottomlevels.Foryears,manyAmericancompanieshaveembracedWal-Mart-likestratagemstocontrollaborcosts,suchashiringtemps(temporaryworkers)andpart-timers,fightingunions,dismantlinginternalcareerladdersandoutsourcingtolowerpayingcontractorsathomeandabroad.
Whilethesetacticshavetheadmirableoutcomeofholdingdownconsumerprices,they’recostlyinotherways.Morethanaquarterofthelaborforce,about34millionworkers,istrappedinlow-wage,oftendead-endjobs.Manymiddle-incomeandhigh-skilledemployeesfacefeweropportunities,too,ascompaniesshiftworktosubcontractorsandtempsagenciesandmovewhite-collarjobstoChinaandIndia.
TheresulthasbeenanerosionofoneofAmerica’smostcherishedvalue:
givingitspeopletheabilitytomoveuptheeconomicladderovertheirlifetimes.Historically,mostAmericans,evenlow-skilledones,wereabletofindpoorlypaidjanitorialorfactoryjobs,thengraduallyclimbedintothemiddleclassastheygainedexperienceandmovedupthewagecurve.Butthenumberofworkersprogressingupwardbegantoslipin1970s.Upwardmobilitydiminishedevenmoreinthe1980sasglobalizationandtechnologyslammedblue-collarwages.
RestoringAmericanmobilityislessaquestionofknowingwhattodothanofmakingithappen.Expertshavedecriedschools’inadequacyforyears,butfixingthemisalong,arduousstruggle.Similarly,therehavebeenplentyofwarningsaboutdecliningcollegeaccess,butfindingfundswasdifficulteveninerasoflargesurpluses.
45.TheAmericandreaminthispassagemainlyrefersto____________.
A.therearealwayspossibilitiesofferedtopeopletodevelopthemselvesinthesociety
B.Americanscanalwaysmoveupthepayladder
C.Americanyoungpeoplecanhaveaccesstocollege,eventheyarepoor
D.thelaborforceisnottrappedinlow-wageanddead-endjobs
46.Wal-Martstrategy,accordingtothispassage,isto___________.
A.hiretempsandpart-timerstoreduceitscost
B.outsourceitscontractstolowerpriceagenciesathomeandabroad
C.holddownitsconsumerpricebycontrollingitslaborcosts
D.dismantlethecareerladderandstoppeople’smobilityupward
47.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTTRUE?
A.Wal-Martizationhasbeensuccessfulinkeepingcostsatrock-bottomlevels.
B.Upwardmobilityforlow-skilledworkershasbecomeimpossibleintheU.S.
C.Morebusinessopportunitiesaregiventolow-costagenciesinChinaandIndia.
D.AlthoughpeopleknowhowtorestoreAmericanmobility,it’sdifficulttochangethepresentsituation.
PassageThree SeniorsandtheCity
Tensofthousandsofretireesarepullingupstakesinsuburbanareasandfashioningtheirownretirementcommunitiesintheheartofthebustlingcity.Theyarelookingforwhatmostolderpeoplewant:
ahomewithnostairsandlowcrimerates.Andtheyarewillingtoexchangeregularweeklygolftimeforrichculturalofferings,youngneighborsandplentyofgoodrestaurants.Spyinganopportunity,majorreal-estatedevelopershavebrokengroundonurbansitestheyintendedtomarkettosuburbanretirees.Theseseniorsarealreadychangingthefaceofbigcities.Onedeveloper,FranMcCarthyasks:
“Whoeverthoughtthatsuburbanflightwouldberoundtrip?
〞
Thetrickleofolderfolksreturningtothecityhasgrownintoasteadystream.Whilesomecities,especiallythosewithfewculturalofferings,haveseenanexodusofseniors,urbanplannerssayothershavebecomeretireesmagnets.Between1999and2000,thepopulationof64-to-75-year-oldsindowntownChicagorose17percent.Austin,NewOrleans,andLosAngeleshaveseendouble-digitincreasesaswell.Theremaybehiddenhealthbenefitstocityliving.Astudyrevealsthatmovingfromsuburbstothecitycanwardoffthebyproductofaging---socialisolation.Inthenextsixyears,downtownsareexpectedtogrowevengrayer.Foraffluentretirees,citylifeisanincreasinglypopularoption.
48.Retiredseniorsaremovingbackintothecitybecause____________.
A.theyfindtherearetoomanycrimesinthesuburbs
B.unliketheflatsinthecity,theircountryhousehavestairstoclimb
C.theyarenolongerinterestedinplayinggolf
D.inthecity,theyhavemoresocialandculturallifeagainstloneliness
49.Fromthepassagewecaninferthat_________.
A.thereal-estatedevelopershavebrokentheiroriginalcontractsofconstructionwithseniorretirees
B.alifeinthedowntowncityisexpensive,andmostofthoseretireeswhomovedbackintothecityareverywell-off
C.withmoreolderpeoplelivinginthecity,thecitywillbecomegrayandlessbeautiful
D.verysoontheAmericansuburbanareaswillfacetheirlowpopulationcrisis
50.FranMcCarthy’squestionmeans:
nobodyeverthoughtthat__________.
A.peoplewhomovedoutofthecitydecadesagonowwouldmoveback
B.suburbandwellerswhenmovingbackintothecitymusttakeroundtrip
C.suburbanflightyearsagowouldgoincircles
D.seniorpeople’smovingbackintothecitywouldtakeplaceallovertheUnitedStates
41-45CCBDA 46-50CBDBA
考博英语阅读理解习题
Mostofusaretaughttopayattentiontowhatissaid—thewords.Wordsdoprovideuswithsomeinformation,butmeaningsarederivedfromsomanyothersourcesthatitwouldhinderoureffectivenessasapartnertoarelationshiptorelytooheavilyonwordsalone.Wordsareusedtodescribeonlyasmallpartofthemanyideasweassociatewithanygivenmessage.Sometimeswecangaininsightintosomeofthoseassoci