高考任务型阅读专题及答案.docx

高考任务型阅读专题及答案.docx

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高考任务型阅读专题及答案

一、高中英语任务型阅读

1．根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

LittleHabitsMakeaBigDifference

Everythingaroundusischangingatamazingspeed,itseems̶butsomethingswillalwaysremainthesame.________ Someofourdailyhabitshavethepowertoalwaysgiveushappinessandleadustowardsuccess.Herearesomelittlehabitsthatcanmakeabigdifference:

   ________

   Manystudieshavelinkedearlyrisingwithsuccess.Anearlymorningwake-upcarriesbenefitsincludingbetterplanningandanticipation（预料）ofproblems,andmoretimetodothethingsthatmakeyouhappy.

   Happinesscomestothosewhoarecurious.

   ________ Aslongasyoulive,therewillalwaysbesomethingtolearn,andaslongasyoufollowyourheartandyourpassions,youwon'tmissoutonlearning.

   Believeinyourselfandallthatyourare.

   ________ Confidenceisthekeytosuccess̶thethingthatletsyoulookatthepastwithoutregret,staygroundedinthepresent,andprepareforthefuturewithoutfear.

Adaywellspentgetsyouagoodnightsleep.

   Enoughsleepmakesyoufeelhealthierandhappier,andit'smorethanliftingupyourmoodorremovingexhaustion.Adequatesleepisakeypartofyourhealthandinnerhappiness.________

   Itdoesn'ttakeahugeefforttomakeasignificantchangeinyourlife－usingoneortwotinyhabitsmaybeallyouneed.Getstartedtodayandyou'llsoonbeexperiencingtherewards.

A.That'swhyhabitsaresopowerful.

B.Thegroundworkofallhappinessisgoodhealth.

C.Earlytorisemakesyouhealthy,wealthy,andwise.

D.Thehabitofrespectmeanstreatingeveryonewithkindness.

E.Nothingwillevermakeyouhappierthanhavingfaithinyourself.

F.Whenyourestbetter,youcanlivebetterandachievemorehappiness.

G.Thereisnostageinlifewhenwecan'tbelearningsomethingvaluable.

【答案】A；C；G；E；F

【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。

文章介绍了养成几个好习惯可以对人生有很有益的影响。

（1）根据上文可知，虽然我们周围的一切变化的速度非常快，但是有些事情总是不变，这就是习惯的力量，故选A。

（2）根据下文可知，本段介绍的是早起的好处，早起经常与成功联系在一起，所以作为本段的标题，这里也应该说早起的好处，故选C。

（3）根据上下文可知，这一段讲述的是人只要活着，总有要学习的东西。

时常保持着好奇心，好学习的人总会感到幸福。

因此G选项“人生中的任何一个阶段都能够学到珍贵的东西”符合题意，故选G。

（4）根据上下文可知，这一段讲述的是要相信自己，自信是成功的关键，E选项中的havefaithinyourself正是此意，故选E。

（5）根据上文可知，本段讲述了休息的重要性，休息得越好，才会感到更加幸福，故选F。

【点评】阅读理解七选五解题步骤

1）分析选项，串联主题：

了解文章的主题、大意，会让解题的方向更明确。

2）研究空格前后，对比选项，选择答案。

3）复读短文，核对答案：

为了保证答案的正确性，一定要把答案代入原文，进行核对检查。

2．任务型阅读

ObservationalLearning:

ToSeeIstoKnow

   Agroupofpsychologists,ledbyAlbertBandura,developedsociallearningtheory,whichemphasizesthefactthatmuchlearningoccursinasocialcontext.Thiskindoflearning,whichresultssimplyfromobservingandimitatingthebehaviorofothers,iscalledobservationallearning.Observationallearninghelpspeopleacquireproperbehaviorintheirfamiliesandcultures.Bywatchingothers,welearnhowtogreetpeople,eat,laughandtelljokes.Doyoustillrememberyourfirstfewdaysinseniorgradeone?

Bywatchingothers,youlearnedhowpeopletalkedtoeachother,whatclotheswere"fashionable,"andhowtointeractwithinstructors.

   Withmodeling,youobserveothers'behaviors,andthennone,some,orallofthesebehaviorsmaybelearnedandrepeated,ormodified.InoneofBandura'sclassicstudies,childrenweredividedintothreegroups:

OnegroupwatchedanadultbeatingupaBobodoll,onegroupwatchedanadultignoringtheBobodoll,andthethirddidn'tseeanadultatall.Afterbeingmildlyfrustratedbybeingplacedinaroomwithtoys,butnotbeingallowedtoplaywithsomeofthem,allofthechildrenwerethenplacedinanotherroomwithavarietyoftoys,includingaBobodoll.Childreninthefirstgrouptendedtoimitatewhattheyhadseen,mistreatingthedoll（andinventingnewwaystoabuseit）.

   Researchershavediscoveredthatseveralcharacteristicsofmodelscanmakelearningthroughobservationmoreeffective.Notsurprisingly,themoreyoupayattentiontothemodel,themoreyoulearn.Youaremorelikelytopayattentionifthemodelisanexpert,isgoodlooking,hashighstatus,orissociallypowerful.Second,bywatchingothers,welearnaboutwhatbehaviorsareappropriateforpeoplelikeourselves,somodelswhoareseenassimilararemorereadilyimitated.Allstudentsneedtoseesuccessful,capablemodelswholookandsoundlikethem.

   Then,asteachers,howcanyouapplyobservationallearning?

Hereareafewguidelines.Aboveall,modelthebehaviorsandattitudesyoudesireyourstudentstolearn.Forexample,showenthusiasmforthesubjectyouteach.Bewillingtodemonstrateboththementalandthephysicaltasksyouexpectthestudentstoperform.Second,usepeers,especiallyclassleaders,asmodels.Forexample,ingroupwork,pairstudentswhodowellwiththosewhoarehavingdifficulties.Third,youmayseekthehelpofclassleadersinmodelingbehaviors.Examplesincludelettinghighstatusstudentsleadanactivitywhenyouneedclasscooperationorwhenstudentsarelikelytobereluctantatfirst.

ObservationalLearning:

ToSeeIstoKnow

________ Andapplicationofobservationallearning

Observationallearningislearningthatoccursthrough________ andimitationofothers.

Observationallearninghelpspeoplelearnhowtobehave________intheirfamiliesandcultures.

Modelsandtheir________

Modelsarethepeoplewhopresentbehaviorforyoutoimitate.

Bandura'sstudyshowsthatifchildrenobserveanadultbeatingupadoll,theywillbecome________.

Characteristicsofmodelsthatmakeobservationallearningmoreeffective.

Childrenaremore________ toimitatemodelswhoareexperts,goodlooking,powerfulandhavehighstatus.

Models________ toourselvespromoteobservationallearning.

Howtouseobservationallearningin________

Modelingthe________ behaviorsandattitudesisanimportantapproach.

Usingpeers,especiallyclassleaders,asmodelsisanothermethod.

________ thehelpofclassleadersinmodelingbehaviorisalsoagoodchoice.

【答案】Definition/Concept/Meaning；observation；properly/appropriately/well；impacts；aggressive/violent/rude；likely；similar；teaching/education/instruction；desired/expected/target；Seeking

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍什么是观察学习，观察学习的应用，怎么将观察学习用于教学。

（1）考查信息归纳。

根据右边的内容：

Observationallearningislearningthatoccursthrough________andimitationofothers.可知这是观察学习的定义，故填Definition/Concept/Meaning。

（2）考查词性转化。

根据第一段中的“Thiskindoflearning,whichresultssimplyfromobservingandimitatingthebehaviorsofothers,iscalledobservationallearning.”可知将observing改成observation。

（3）考查词性转化。

根据第一段中的“Observationallearninghelpspeopleacquireproperbehaviorsintheirfamiliesandcultures”可知将proper改成properly/appropriately/well。

（4）考查原词重现。

根据第二段中的“Childreninthefirstgrouptendedtoimitatewhattheyhadseen,mistreatingthedoll（andinventingnewwaystoabuseit）。

”可知看见不好的行为的孩子自己也会学习，有虐待性，故填abusive。

（5）考查原词重现。

根据第二段可知这里介绍榜样的影响，故填impacts。

（6）考查原词重现。

根据第三段中的“Youaremorelikelytopayattentionifthemodelisanexpert,isgoodlooking,hashighstatus,orissociallypowerful.”可知填likely。

（7）考查句意理解。

根据第三段中的“Second,bywatchingothers,welearnaboutwhatbehaviorsareappropriateforpeoplelikeourselves,”可知和我们相像的人会促进观察学习。

like="similar"to，故填similar。

（8）考查词性转化。

根据第四段中的“Then,asteachers,howcanyouapplyobservationallearning?

”可知怎么将观察学习应用于教学中，故填teaching/education/instruction。

（9）考查词性转化。

根据第四段中的“Aboveall,modelthebehaviorsandattitudesyoudesireyourstudentstolearn.”可知将desire改成desired/expected/targeted。

（10）考查词性转化。

根据第四段中的“Third,youmayseekthehelpofclassleadersinmodelingbehaviors.”可知将seek改成Seeking。

【点评】本题考点涉及信息归纳，词性转化和原词重现三个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，要求考生准确掌握所给材料，结合相关的词汇知识和词汇知识，写出正确的答案。

3．阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。

   Attheageoffortyfive,myusuallywellorderedlifebecamefullofchanges.Aftertwentytwoyearsofworkinginabank,aplantouselessstaffledtotheunemploymentofoveronehundredpeople.Unluckily,Iwasoneofthem.

   Myoncesecurefuturebecameuncertain.However,Iwasnotasingleparent,sothefamilydidnotdependonlyonmyincomeandmyhusbandcansupportthefamily.Mymottohasalwaysbeen,"Changeisgood;changeisprogress",butwhenitaffectedmylivelihood,Ihadtochangeit."Acceptchangeandmakethemostofit."Fromthebeginning,Ichosetolookatthismatternotasbadluck,butasawelcomechance.Irefusedtobecomesorry;instead,Iactivelyplannedtodosomethingnewanddifferent.

   HavingapositiveattitudemadeallthedifferenceinthewayIpursuedthefuture.First,IdecidedtoreturntocollegeandgraduatemanyyearslaterthanIshouldhave.Doingthisatmyagetookmorethanalittlecourage.Notbeingagraduatehadneverheldmebackinmycareerinthebank,butnowit'sapersonalgoalIlongedtoachieve.Withalotofdetermination,Iwenttoeveningclassesandbecameanadultstudent.Intheclass,Ibecamemoreandmoreconfident.Duringthistime,Irealizedthatnomatterwhatlifethrowsinourway,nothingcanhinderourpersonalgrowth.

   ThesecondthingIdidtoimprovemyinnerselfwastoreevaluatemypastlife.Itusedtobefilledwithendless,andsometimesmeaninglessevents.Butnow,myheartandlifearecompletelyaroundpeopleIcarefor.

   Thelossofmyjobledtosomepositivechangesinmylife.Revisitingthepastmaderoomforthefuture.IrealizethatIhaveacceptedthechange,andammakingthemostofit.

（1）Whatmadetheauthorloseherjob?

（nomorethan10words）

（2）Whatdidtheauthordoaftertheunemployment?

（nomorethan15words）

（3）HowdoyouunderstandtheunderlinedwordinParagraph3?

（nomorethan3words）

（4）Howwouldyoudescribetheauthorintermsofpersonalities?

（nomorethan5words）

（5）What'syourattitudetowardsthe"changes"inyourlife?

Please