高考任务型阅读专题及答案.docx

1、高考任务型阅读专题及答案一、高中英语任务型阅读1根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Little Habits Make a Big DifferenceEverything around us is changing at amazing speed, it seems but some things will always remain the same._Some of our daily habits have the power to always give us happiness and lead us toward success

2、. Here are some little habits that can make a big difference: _ Many studies have linked early rising with success. An early morning wake-up carries benefits including better planning and anticipation（预料）of problems, and more time to do the things that make you happy. Happiness comes to those who ar

3、e curious. _As long as you live, there will always be something to learn, and as long as you follow your heart and your passions, you wont miss out on learning. Believe in yourself and all that your are. _Confidence is the key to success the thing that lets you look at the past without regret, stay

4、grounded in the present, and prepare for the future without fear.A day well spent gets you a good night sleep. Enough sleep makes you feel healthier and happier, and its more than lifting up your mood or removing exhaustion. Adequate sleep is a key part of your health and inner happiness. _ It doesn

5、t take a huge effort to make a significant change in your lifeusing one or two tiny habits may be all you need. Get started today and youll soon be experiencing the rewards.A. Thats why habits are so powerful.B. The ground work of all happiness is good health.C. Early to rise makes you healthy, weal

6、thy, and wise.D. The habit of respect means treating everyone with kindness.E. Nothing will ever make you happier than having faith in yourself.F. When you rest better, you can live better and achieve more happiness.G. There is no stage in life when we cant be learning something valuable.【答案】 A；C；G；

7、E；F 【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了养成几个好习惯可以对人生有很有益的影响。 （1）根据上文可知，虽然我们周围的一切变化的速度非常快，但是有些事情总是不变，这就是习惯的力量，故选A。 （2）根据下文可知，本段介绍的是早起的好处，早起经常与成功联系在一起，所以作为本段的标题，这里也应该说早起的好处，故选C。 （3）根据上下文可知，这一段讲述的是人只要活着，总有要学习的东西。时常保持着好奇心，好学习的人总会感到幸福。因此G选项“人生中的任何一个阶段都能够学到珍贵的东西”符合题意，故选G。 （4）根据上下文可知，这一段讲述的是要相信自己，自信是成功的关键，E选项中的have faith

8、 in yourself正是此意，故选E。 （5）根据上文可知，本段讲述了休息的重要性，休息得越好，才会感到更加幸福，故选F。 【点评】阅读理解七选五解题步骤 1）分析选项，串联主题：了解文章的主题、大意，会让解题的方向更明确。 2）研究空格前后，对比选项，选择答案。 3）复读短文，核对答案：为了保证答案的正确性，一定要把答案代入原文，进行核对检查。2任务型阅读 Observational Learning: To See Is to Know A group of psychologists, led by Albert Bandura, developed social learning

9、theory, which emphasizes the fact that much learning occurs in a social context. This kind of learning, which results simply from observing and imitating the behavior of others, is called observational learning. Observational learning helps people acquire proper behavior in their families and cultur

10、es. By watching others, we learn how to greet people, eat, laugh and tell jokes. Do you still remember your first few days in senior grade one? By watching others, you learned how people talked to each other, what clothes were fashionable, and how to interact with instructors. With modeling, you obs

11、erve others behaviors, and then none, some, or all of these behaviors may be learned and repeated, or modified. In one of Banduras classic studies, children were divided into three groups: One group watched an adult beating up a Bobo doll, one group watched an adult ignoring the Bobo doll, and the t

12、hird didnt see an adult at all. After being mildly frustrated by being placed in a room with toys, but not being allowed to play with some of them, all of the children were then placed in another room with a variety of toys, including a Bobo doll. Children in the first group tended to imitate what t

13、hey had seen, mistreating the doll (and inventing new ways to abuse it). Researchers have discovered that several characteristics of models can make learning through observation more effective. Not surprisingly, the more you pay attention to the model, the more you learn. You are more likely to pay

14、attention if the model is an expert, is good looking, has high status, or is socially powerful. Second, by watching others, we learn about what behaviors are appropriate for people like ourselves, so models who are seen as similar are more readily imitated. All students need to see successful, capab

15、le models who look and sound like them. Then, as teachers, how can you apply observational learning? Here are a few guidelines. Above all, model the behaviors and attitudes you desire your students to learn. For example, show enthusiasm for the subject you teach. Be willing to demonstrate both the m

16、ental and the physical tasks you expect the students to perform. Second, use peers, especially class leaders, as models. For example, in group work, pair students who do well with those who are having difficulties. Third, you may seek the help of class leaders in modeling behaviors. Examples include

17、 letting highstatus students lead an activity when you need class cooperation or when students are likely to be reluctant at first.Observational Learning: To See Is to Know_And application of observational learningObservational learning is learning that occurs through _and imitation of others.Observ

18、ational learning helps people learn how to behave_in their families and cultures.Models and their _Models are the people who present behavior for you to imitate.Banduras study shows that if children observe an adult beating up a doll, they will become_.Characteristics of models that make observation

19、al learning more effective.Children are more _to imitate models who are experts, good looking, powerful and have high status.Models _to ourselves promote observational learning.How to use observational learning in _Modeling the _behaviors and attitudes is an important approach.Using peers, especiall

20、y class leaders, as models is another method._the help of class leaders in modeling behavior is also a good choice.【答案】 Definition / Concept / Meaning；observation；properly / appropriately / well；impacts；aggressive / violent / rude；likely；similar；teaching / education / instruction；desired / expected

21、/ target；Seeking 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍什么是观察学习，观察学习的应用，怎么将观察学习用于教学。 （1）考查信息归纳。根据右边的内容：Observational learning is learning that occurs through _ and imitation of others.可知这是观察学习的定义，故填 Definition / Concept / Meaning。 （2）考查词性转化。根据第一段中的“This kind of learning, which results simply from observing and imitatin

22、g the behaviors of others, is called observational learning.”可知将observing 改成observation。 （3）考查词性转化。根据第一段中的“Observational learning helps people acquire proper behaviors in their families and cultures”可知将proper改成 properly / appropriately / well。 （4）考查原词重现。根据第二段中的“Children in the first group tended to

23、imitate what they had seen, mistreating the doll (and inventing new ways to abuse it)。”可知看见不好的行为的孩子自己也会学习，有虐待性，故填abusive。 （5）考查原词重现。根据第二段可知这里介绍榜样的影响，故填impacts。 （6）考查原词重现。根据第三段中的“You are more likely to pay attention if the model is an expert, is good looking, has high status, or is socially powerful.

24、”可知填likely。 （7）考查句意理解。根据第三段中的“Second, by watching others, we learn about what behaviors are appropriate for people like ourselves,”可知和我们相像的人会促进观察学习。like= similar to，故填similar。 （8）考查词性转化。根据第四段中的“Then, as teachers, how can you apply observational learning?”可知怎么将观察学习应用于教学中，故填 teaching / education / ins

25、truction。 （9）考查词性转化。根据第四段中的“Above all, model the behaviors and attitudes you desire your students to learn. ”可知将desire改成desired / expected / targeted。 （10）考查词性转化。根据第四段中的“Third, you may seek the help of class leaders in modeling behaviors. ”可知将seek改成Seeking。 【点评】本题考点涉及信息归纳，词性转化和原词重现三个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，要

26、求考生准确掌握所给材料，结合相关的词汇知识和词汇知识，写出正确的答案。3阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 At the age of fortyfive, my usually wellordered life became full of changes. After twentytwo years of working in a bank, a plan to use less staff led to the unemployment of over one hundred people. Unluckily, I was one of them. My once secure

27、future became uncertain. However, I was not a single parent, so the family did not depend only on my income and my husband can support the family. My motto has always been, Change is good; change is progress, but when it affected my livelihood, I had to change it. Accept change and make the most of

28、it. From the beginning, I chose to look at this matter not as bad luck, but as a welcome chance. I refused to become sorry; instead, I actively planned to do something new and different. Having a positive attitude made all the difference in the way I pursued the future. First, I decided to return to

29、 college and graduate many years later than I should have. Doing this at my age took more than a little courage. Not being a graduate had never held me back in my career in the bank, but now its a personal goal I longed to achieve. With a lot of determination, I went to evening classes and became an

30、 adult student. In the class, I became more and more confident. During this time, I realized that no matter what life throws in our way, nothing can hinder our personal growth. The second thing I did to improve my inner self was to reevaluate my past life. It used to be filled with endless, and some

31、times meaningless events. But now, my heart and life are completely around people I care for. The loss of my job led to some positive changes in my life. Revisiting the past made room for the future. I realize that I have accepted the change, and am making the most of it.（1）What made the author lose

32、 her job? (no more than 10 words) （2）What did the author do after the unemployment? (no more than 15 words) （3）How do you understand the underlined word in Paragraph 3? (no more than 3 words) （4）How would you describe the author in terms of personalities? (no more than 5 words) （5）Whats your attitude towards the changes in your life? Please