中考动词的语态语法.docx

中考动词的语态语法.docx

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中考动词的语态语法

中考动词的语态语法

1、常见的被动语态结构

时态

结构

时态

一般现在时

Am/is/are+done

ThiskindofcarismadeinChina.

一般过去时

Was/were+done

Theflyingdiskwasinventedbycollegestudents.

一般将来时

Will/shall+bedone

Thebridgewillbefinishedinamonth.

含情态动词

情态动词+be+done

Thesebookscanbeputintheemptybox.

进行时态

Am/is/arebeingdone

现在完成时态

Have/hasbeendone

过去进行时

Was/werebeingdone

过去完成时态

Hadbeendone

2、主动语态变被动语态的特殊情况

主动语态中有些感官动词（如hear，see，notice）和使役动词（如：

make，let）后不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，变为被动语态时，要把不定式to还原，即hearabdosth变为sbbeheardtodosth;makesbdosth变为sbbemadetodosth

3、使用被动语态的情况

1、不知道动作的执行者是谁

ThiswatchwasmadeinChina.

2、没有必要指出动作的执行者

Manytreesshouldbeplantedeveryyear.

3、需要强调和突出动作的承受着

Chineseisspokenbymoreandmorepeopleintheworld.

4、句子的主语是物

Manyhouseswerewashedawaybytheflood.

4、主动结构表示被动意义的情况

1、open，look，write，read，sell，clean，cut，burn，drive等词作不及物动词时，他们的主语为物，可用主动语态表示被动语态

Thiskindofpenwritesverysmoothly.

2、look，sound，taste，smell等系动词用主动结构表示被动意义

Theflowersmellssweet.

3、beworthdoing用主动形式表示被动意义

Themovieisworthwatching.

4、want/need/require/+doing相当于want/need/require+tobedone,tobedone为不定式的被动结构

Yourbedroomneedscleaningrightnow.=yourbedroomneedstobecleanedrightnow.

5、短语表示被动：

betakencareof、becaughtupwith

6、带双宾的谓语动词表被动

如：

shegivemeabook.变为iwasgivenabook.或者abookwasgiventome.

一、英语阅读理解专项练习试卷

1．阅读理解

   Thisafternoon,whenIwaslookingforaself-improvement（自我修养）book,Ifoundanagedfolder（文件夹）.Inthisfolder,thereweresomeoftheexaminationpapersI'dtakenduringmypre-universitydays.Theywereoneconomics（经济学）,asubjectthatIdidn'treallylikemuchthen.

   IlaughedatthesillymistakesImadeasIlookedthroughthepapers.Andmemoriesofthepastcametomymind.Isawmyselfsittingatoneofthestudytables,workinghardforsomeofmylifegoals.Backthen,itwaspopularformoststudentstosetlifegoals,becausetheythoughtitwasmostimportant.

   ItwasduringthosetimesthatIfirststartedtosetgoalsformyself.Ididn'tknowmuchaboutgoalsettingthen.Ididn'tuseanygoaltracking（跟踪）tools,either.AllIknewwasthatIhadtogotouniversity.TherewasnootherwaythatIcouldgivemyself.Togothroughmylecture（演讲）notes,Ididn'ttakebreaks.Formorerevisionwithmyclassmates,Istayedbacklate.Onetime,Imissedtheschoollock-outhoursandIhadtoclimbschoolgatesinordertoleave.Itwasperhapsthisattitude（态度）thatignitedmydecisiontogothroughwhatIhadtodotogetthisfar.

   Yes,itmayhavebeenhard.ButthesweettasteofvictoryexperiencedatthepointofreceivingmyfinalresultswassowonderfulthatIwouldneverforgetitfortherestofmylife.

   Iclosedthefolderanddroppeditintothedustbin（垃圾箱）intheroom.It'stimetogetkickingwithmynextgoal.Andbywritingthis,IknowI'mgettingcloser.

（1）Whentheauthor（作者）lookedthroughthepapersinthefolder,he        .

A. lookedforaself-improvementbook              B. laughedatthesillymistakeshemade

C. droppeditintothedustbinrightaway          D. satatthetableandsetlifegoalsagain

（2）Whentheauthorfirststartedtogetgoalsforhimself,he        .

A. didn'tneedtoenteruniversity                        B. didn'tuseanygoaltrackingtools

C. wassurethathewouldwinthevictory          D. learnedalotfromaself-improvementbook

（3）Whydidtheauthorstaybacklateafterschool?

A. Tobepreparedtoenteruniversity.                B. Tolearnmoreaboutgoalsetting.

C. Tomakehisteacherpayattentiontohim.         D. Togetthechanceofclimbingschoolgates.

（4）Theunderlinedword“ignited”means         inthepassage.

A. reduced（减少）                     B. balanced（平衡）                     C. questioned                     D. raised

（5）Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorfromthelastparagraph?

A. Heregularly（规律地）tidieshisroom.              B. He'snotquitegoodatgoalsetting

C. Heisreadyforthenextgoal.                          D. Hehatedthosepapersinthefolder.

【答案】

（1）B

（2）B

（3）A

（4）D

（5）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者通过与读者分享自己的高中生活的回忆，告诉我们人生是由一个一个的目标组成的，我们要尽全力朝着自己确定的目标前进。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的”IlaughedatthesillymistakesImadeasIlookedthroughthepapers.“可知，故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的”ItwasduringthosetimesthatIfirststartedtosetgoalsformyself.Ididn'tknowmuchaboutgoalsettingthen.Ididn'tuseanygoaltracking（跟踪）tools,either“可知。

故选B。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的”AllIknewwasthatIhadtogotouniversity.TherewasnootherwaythatIcouldgivemyself.“可知，作者放学后很晚回家的目的是努力学习，考入大学。

故选A。

（4）考查词义猜测。

”Itwasperhapsthisattitude（态度）thatignitedmydecisiontogothroughwhatIhadtodotogetthisfar.“或许是这种态度是我下决心做出现在的成就。

所给选项中D项与该词词义相近。

故选D。

（5）考查判断推理。

根据最后一段中的”It'stimetogetkickingwithmynextgoal.Andbywritingthis,IknowI'